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SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN - 2018October 2018 Salem Bicycle Master Plan ii SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  iiiSALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CITY OF SALEM Kim Driscoll, Mayor of Salem Tom Devine, AICP, Senior Planner, Department of Planning & Community Development Nick Downing, Acting Director of Traffic and Parking Christian Schluter, Planning and GIS Intern PLAN STEERING COMMITTEE Dominick Pangallo, Mayor’s Chief of Staff Jenna Ide, Director of Capital Projects & Municipal Operations, Mayor’s Office Trish O’Brien, Director of Parks, Recreation & Community Services Dan Shuman, Bicycling Advisory Committee Chair and owner of Salem Cycle Christine Madore, Ward 2 City Councilor Deborah Duhamel, Assistant City Engineer Eric Papetti, Bicycling Advisory Committee and Traffic & Parking Commission Michael Williamson, Bicycling Advisory Committee Officer Timothy Salvo, Salem Police Department Traffic Unit Commander, and Traffic & Parking Commission Rinus Oosthoek, Salem Chamber of Commerce Executive Director Kylie Sullivan, Salem Main Streets Director, Bicycling Advisory Committee Tara Gallagher, Salem State University Sustainability and EH&S Coordinator Laura Fleming, Executive Director of Marketing at Communications for North Shore Medical Center Russell Findley, Mass in Motion Built Environment Coordinator Kelley Rice, Salem Public Schools Chief of Communications David Valecillos, Senior Project Manager for North Shore Community Development Coalition Erin Schaeffer, Staff Planner PREPARED BY Nick Jackson, Toole Design Erica Guidoboni, Toole Design Jeff Brubaker, Toole Design Beth Isler, Toole Design Lydia Hausle, Toole Design Stephanie Weyer, Toole Design Jake Berman, Toole Design iv SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  vSALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  CONTENTS Introduction ....................................................................2 Existing Conditions ..........................................................6 Recommendations .........................................................16 Action Plan ...................................................................30 vi SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK viiSALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  Executive Summary Salem is full of opportunities for bicycling. The city is compact, features a well-connected street network, and a diverse mix of land uses that make most trips within the city possible by bike. The city’s public bicycle sharing program has increased options for getting around by bike. Bicycling is valued because it supports economic and tourism growth. The community also understands that better conditions for bicycling will attract and retain residents, tourists, and students. viii SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  The Salem Bicycle Master Plan (the Plan) was created to establish a vision and plan of action for making Salem a place that is bikeable for people of all ages, abilities, and backgrounds. While the City has invested in bicycle infrastructure, many barriers prevent people from bicycling more. People are interested in bicycling as a fun, healthy, low-cost transportation option but are discouraged by routes with little or no separation from motor vehicles on high-speed and high-volume streets. Other issues, such as lack of bike parking or maintenance of trails can also deter people from bicycling. The Plan was developed to address these issues through discussions with stakeholders, members of the public and City staff. It included a review of work the City has already completed and analysis of existing conditions and safety concerns for people biking in Salem. Through this process, over 100 infrastructure projects and policy changes were identified that will enable the development of a safe, high-comfort network of bikeways that will connect to destinations throughout Salem. The projects identified in the Plan range from small traffic calming interventions in North Salem and the Point, to improved connections at Leslie’s Retreat Path, to new bike lanes on many of Salem’s main corridors. The projects in the Plan will not only provide a safer and more comfortable environment for people biking, but will support Salem’s other livability, mobility, economic, and environmental goals. Investments in biking will take place over time and all projects will be thoughtfully integrated into Salem’s existing transportation system. The final section of this document, the Action Plan, serves as a guide for making these smart, strategic investments with projects prioritized and organized into short, medium, and long-term projects. Many people turn to biking as an affordable, convenient, healthy, and fun way to move around Salem. With the implementation of this Plan, Salem will become a place that is bikeable for everyone, from eight-year-old children on their way to school, to working professionals destined for the train, to 75-year-old grandparents out for an evening ride. With over 100 infrastructure and policy projects identified, this Plan is a blueprint for creating a citywide environment that is safe and comfortable for people biking, regardless of their age or ability level. These changes hold the potential to transform daily transportation in Salem. With ever-growing traffic congestion and gridlock wearing on quality of life and the environment in Salem, one thing is certain: we cannot build our way out of traffic with car-focused streets. Through a well-connected network of high- quality bike infrastructure and supportive policies and programs, Salem will offer biking as a safe and convenient transportation option, making it easier and more appealing for large numbers of people to leave their car keys at home. The vision guiding this plan is based on five big ideas, identified below: 1. Neighborhoods will connect to each other and downtown with comfortable bikeways along key arterials, including: • North Street • Bridge Street • Boston Street • Lafayette Avenue • Derby Street • Highland Avenue • Loring Avenue 2. The Salem Commuter Rail Station will be accessible via comfortable bike infrastructure from all approaches. 3. Salem will connect to Beverly, Marblehead, Lynn, and Peabody with on and off-street bikeable connections. 4. Recreational trails and parks will be easy to reach by bike for people of all ages, abilities, and backgrounds. 5. Processes, regulations, and programming will embed biking into the daily decision making of City staff and officials. Plan Highlights THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ixSALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK x SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  1SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  Introduction Salem has all of the bones of a premiere biking city. At just over eight square miles, Salem’s size is one of its greatest assets. The city offers a rich density of activity – cultural institutions, historic attractions, educational and employment centers, parks, and more – within short, bikeable distances of its residential neighborhoods and transportation hubs. Furthermore, biking supports the community values and vision set forth in Imagine Salem, the city’s visioning plan. Recognizing its enviable position as a city fit for bicycling, this Bicycle Master Plan represents an important step toward realizing an equitable and sustainable transportation future based on smart investments that will improve safety, livability, and transportation choices for its residents and visitors. 1 2 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | INTRODUCTION Introduction 1 Imagine Salem Progress Report. 2017. City of Salem. 2 U.S. Census Bureau Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: July 1, 2017 The Salem Bicycle Master Plan was born out of the community that it will serve – the people who live, work, and travel throughout Salem, regardless of mode. A balanced transportation system that supports biking as an attractive and safe option for people of all ages and abilities is essential for continued economic growth, community health outcomes, and quality of life for all people in Salem. Working together with other transportation options available in Salem – walking, train, bus, ferry, and personal vehicle – biking offers an important transportation option that is widely accessible to virtually all people regardless of where they live, their age, or their income. Whether people choose to travel by bike, have few other options, or ride around Salem simply for fun, this Plan charts a course for providing the infrastructure, policy, and programming necessary to support biking for all people in Salem. Bikeable Salem The city’s land mass of eight square miles includes an inner core full of historic homes and mixed-use buildings, with some suburban-style housing outside Downtown. Densely settled, about 67% of housing is in multifamily buildings spread throughout the city.1 Salem possesses a wealth of recreational and natural areas, including 18.5 linear miles of shoreline on its north and east sides. Salem is home to approximately 44,400 people,2 and the city hosts over a million tourists each year who come to experience the city’s rich historic and cultural legacy. The relatively small size of the city is an asset for biking (See Figure 1). Because of the physical exertion required for biking, distance is a main factor people consider when deciding whether a trip may be made by bike or not. From any point within the city’s boundaries, the core of Downtown can be reached within a bike ride of approximately three or less miles (under 30 minutes riding time). Whether for shopping, recreation, or employment, virtually every trip within the city is of a bikeable distance. The Planning Process Beginning in the fall of 2017, the City of Salem launched the planning process by identifying a Steering Committee comprised of City Councilors, municipal department leaders, advocates, members of Salem’s Bicycle Advisory Committee, and other community stakeholders. The Steering Committee was selected in recognition of the collaboration and consensus- building required to plan, design, and implement meaningful changes to the built and policy environment in Salem. With the Steering Committee as a guiding force throughout the Plan development, the community was engaged through a variety of outreach methods to collect feedback about the current state of bicycling in Salem, including barriers to bicycling and priorities for improvement. The outreach strategies used are outlined below: Steering Committee: The 15-person Steering Committee met four times throughout the planning process and played a pivotal role in the early community engagement efforts, project prioritization, and general plan review. Listening Sessions: A series of listening sessions were held with 14 stakeholder groups and focused on the unique expertise or interest of the interviewee(s). Through the listening sessions, the City evaluated specific policy and regulatory conditions – such as zoning requirements and site plan review – as they relate to biking. Community Bike Rides: Two community bike rides were held in December 2017 that covered two routes starting and ending at the Salem Commuter Rail station (an 11-mile loop and a 9-mile loop). The general public were invited to attend the bike rides and despite snowy and cold conditions, those in attendance were well-acquainted with bicycling in Salem and shared a detail-rich narrative of the current conditions for bicyclists. Figure 1: Distance to Downtown from Around Salem Public Open House: An interactive open house was held in February 2018 to spark the community conversation about specific challenges the bike Plan should address. In addition to a brief presentation about the Plan, members of the public were prompted by hands-on activities to identify streets that are challenging for biking, what kinds of infrastructure the community would like to see, and where people want to travel to and from by bike. The open house flyer was formatted in English and Spanish, and Spanish translation was available at the open house. Online Interactive Map: An online interactive map was used to identify current routes and destinations in Salem, as well as desired routes and destinations. Provided in both English and Spanish, the map was open for user feedback from between December 2017 and March 2018, during which time 179 users logged 509 unique insights about their current and desired routes and destination in Salem. The wikimap received comments from daily bike riders, casual and infrequent riders, and those who do not ride at all. In addition, completed and ongoing planning initiatives were consulted to ensure this Plan built on and coordinated with existing City efforts. Steering Committee Members Members of the Public Listening Session Participants Andrew Zimmerman, RCG Salem Maritime and Saugus Ironworks National Historic Sites Beth Debski, The Salem Partnership David Valecillos, North Shore Community Development Coalition David Pabich, Salem Renewal Jason Consalvo, Salem Five Bank, Salem Rotary Andy Goldberg, Goldberg Properties Bicycling Advisory Committee Salem State University Focus Group North Shore Medical Center South Salem Neighborhood Association Bob Monk, Peabody Essex Museum Kelley Rice, Salem Public Schools Steve Feldman, Salem Business Owner Community Bike Ride Attendees Tom Devine, City of Salem Matt Smith, City of Salem Eric Papetti, Steering Committee Paul Tucker, Massachusetts State Representative Christine Madore, City Councilor, Ward 2 Thank You For Participating! The public discussed biking in Salem at the Public Open House 4 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | INTRODUCTION Community engagement for the plan included Open House interactive street design and comment stations plus an online interactive map survey. 5SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | INTRODUCTION Bike rides and Open House interactive mapping stations encouraged community members to share their knowledge of locational issues for biking. SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | INTRODUCTION Salem believes in an accessible local and regional transportation system that provides alternative modes of transportation and choices. Salem aims to have a true multimodal transportation system that encourages active and sustainable transportation choices for everyday trips and empowers all travelers to safely use the streets. The City recognizes the crucial role that a sustainable transportation system plays in opening up opportunities for the Salem community. People should have options when choosing to get around the city regardless of their age and ability. People have differing preferences and abilities, and therefore choice should be embedded in all parts of the transportation system. In many places, providing choice entails rebalancing streets after nearly 80 years of automobile-oriented investment. In other places, it means designing streets and sidewalks to be ensure safety and comfort for all users, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities. Elements of the transportation system should connect, so that the system becomes multimodal. It is unreasonable to expect all transportation modes to work for all trips, and creating independent systems for all transportation modes would be redundant in many places. The transportation system should allow travelers to string together different mode choices where appropriate. • 2003 North River Corridor Master Plan • 2012 North River Canal Corridor Transportation Plan • 2015-2022 Open Space and Recreation Plan • 2016 Route 107 Corridor Study • 2017 1A – Vinnin Square Priority Corridor Study • 2017 MassDOT District 4 Enhancement Plans • 2018 Shuttle Feasibility Study • Bates Elementary Safe Routes to School Plan • Canal Street Rail Trail Extension Plans Streets should be designed to enable active and sustainable transportation modes. The transportation system will work best when people who can reasonably walk, bike, or use transit can do so safely, comfortably, and reliably. Making these modes work is especially important for trips taken along existing transit lines and for short trips within Salem and to adjacent communities. By enabling these modes, valuable “real estate” in the public right of way will become free. Allowing people to not use their cars unnecessarily relieves traffic congestion, increases retail foot traffic, fosters community, and ameliorates public health. The transportation system should be design for safety and a “Vision Zero” standard. Major injuries and deaths from traveling are largely if not entirely preventable. Improper street designs, including those that incentivize fast travel speeds, can increase the likelihood of casualties. When reconfiguring streets, Salem should design for low speeds and low casualties in its neighborhoods. Ultimately, Salem should aim to have zero deaths and major injuries—a standard called “Vision Zero.” The transportation system should complement neighborhoods. Quality of life in Salem’s neighborhoods should be bolstered by the transportation system. Rather than communities accommodating inflexible transportation infrastructures, the transportation system should be designed with the unique character of each neighborhood in mind. • Comprehensive Subdivision Regulations Update • East Coast Greenway Network • Essex Street Pedestrian Mall Conceptual Plan • Imagine Salem Visioning Plan • MAPC LandLine Network Plan • Salem Complete Streets Prioritization Plan • Salem Power Station Redevelopment Plan • South Salem Commuter Rail Station Conceptual Plan • Various studies completed for Bridge, Boston, and North Streets (including MBTA access studies) Imagine Salem: Transportation Guiding Principles Other Current and Ongoing Planning Initiatives 7SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | INTRODUCTION Existing Conditions Salem will soon celebrate its quadricentennial. Nearly 400 years of history, technological advancement, and growth are embedded into Salem’s streets, reflecting the ever- changing nature of the city. This Plan is responsive to the existing environment to ensure the Plan recommendations work in the service of the Salem that exists today, while anticipating and preparing for the needs of Salem in the future. 2 8 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS Existing Conditions 3 American Community Survey. 2016. United States Census Bureau. 4 Forman, Ben and Hodge, Daniel. The Promise and Potential of Trans- formative Transit-Oriented Development in Gateway Communities. 2018. MassINC. This section summarizes the current state of biking in Salem. Using existing city-wide data, public input, and field observations, the existing conditions described below establish the framework that was used to craft the Plan recommendations. By first examining Salem’s current characteristics and the City’s efforts to build out a network for biking, the future comes into focus: Where are opportunities to fill network gaps and better connect people to desired destinations? Where do constraints exist that may preclude or complicate future intervention? What are the main barriers that prevent people from biking, and how can thy be overcome? Travel Patterns Though compact in size, Salem is comprised of a variety of neighborhood types and scales. From the densely-settled Point neighborhood to the suburban environment in Witchcraft Heights to the bustling Downtown core, Salem residents rely on a variety of transportation tools to travel between their homes and places around Salem. Outreach to the Salem community revealed the many ways people currently use a bike to experience Salem. People in Salem bike to reach their jobs, local parks, and daily destinations (such as shops or restaurants). In addition, a significant percentage of people bike to make their transit connections. Although the current bike mode share in Salem is relatively small – just one percent of people in Salem report biking as their primary mode to traveling to work3 – the community processes completed for this Plan, as well as Imagine Salem, demonstrate a strong preference for increasing the share of trips made by active modes and expanding low-cost, reliable transportation options, like biking. Multimodal Connectivity Salem’s transit hubs are among the most important destinations for Salem residents. The scale of Salem makes biking an extremely convenient choice for people who use the commuter rail, ferry, or bus service for longer-distance travel. Through trip chaining – linking together two or more legs of a trip through various modes – biking may be used for the first or last segment of a trip to make longer-distance trips possible without the use of a car. In this way, biking is a far more effective tool than walking. While only 20% of Salem residents can reach the commuter rail or ferry within a 10-minute walk, 70% can reach the two transit hubs within a 10-minute bike ride (See Figure 2). Data from the MBTA and other recent studies illustrate the importance of and connection between biking and transit use in Salem. The Salem commuter rail station is one of the most heavily used in the entire MBTA system, with weekday ridership over 2,000.4 Data from the 2015-17 MBTA Systemwide Passenger Survey shows that the 90 Figure 2: Salem’s Access to Commuter Rail and Ferry Terminal via a 10-minute Walk vs 10-minute Bike Ride 10 min. walk 10 min. bike ride 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 3%2% 58% 27% 11% Walk or Bike Drive Alone Carpool Drop off by Personal Vehicle Drop off by Other Vehicle Figure 3: Mode Used to Access Salem Commuter Rail Station 9SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS percent of people taking the commuter rail daily do so for work trips, with 72 percent of passengers taking the train five days weekly.5 Of the people who board the commuter rail in Salem, 12 percent do not have access to a car and 11 percent are from low-income households earning $43,500 per year or less. Owing to the overall scale of the city and the relatively dense development pattern around the station (over 3,000 working-age people live within a half-mile of the station), walking and biking are attractive modes for access to and from the train; As shown in Figure 3, over 1,200 (58 percent of riders) access the station via walking or biking while 27 percent access the station by driving alone.6 7 The importance of multimodal connections was echoed throughout the public process completed for this Plan. Fully ten percent of all biking destinations identified by the public were concentrated at just two locations: the MBTA commuter rail station and ferry terminal. Utility Trips Utility trips – those made for transportation purposes to work, school, shopping, or other daily destinations – play a significant role in the number of people biking around Salem every day 5 2015-2017 MBTA Systemwide Passenger Survey. Central Transportation Planning Staff. 6 2015-2017 MBTA Systemwide Passenger Survey. Central Transportation Planning Staff. 7 Forman, Ben and Hodge, Daniel. The Promise and Potential of Transformative Transit-Oriented Development in Gateway Communities. 2018. MassINC. 8 Community comments collected via Wikimap 9 Community comments collected via Wikimap 10 American Community Survey. 2016. United States Census Bureau. 11 Imagine Salem Progress Report. 2017. City of Salem. (See Figure 4).8 Although many in the community bicycle for recreation, people most frequently bike for transportation purposes (See Figure 5).9 Salem plays a significant role in the regional employment and consumer economy, with tens of thousands of people traveling in, around, and out of Salem daily for access to jobs and other daily destinations. Approximately half of Salem’s residents are of working age (21,801 residents 16 years or older),10 and 19% of those residents work within Salem.11 An additional Utility Trips 59% Non- Utility Trips 41% Recreation 41% Transit Connection 10% Dining 9% Social/ Entertainment 15% Shopping 8% School 3% Work 14% Figure 4: Current Biking Destinations by Type Recreation Transportation Daily or almost daily A few times each week A few times each month A few times each year 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 7% 22% 25%24% 37% 20% 32%33% Figure 5: Biking Frequency of Current Bicyclists in Salem by Trip Type 10 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS 17,000 people commute into Salem each day for work. Salem has clusters of high-activity employment and shopping located Downtown, along Highland Avenue, and in pockets of southeastern Salem. High concentrations of workers report to a single or small handful of locations for the city’s largest non-government employers such as North Shore Medical Center (over 3,000 employees) and Salem State University (approximately 1,500 employees). Major shopping destinations also include regional malls, such as Northshore Mall in Peabody and Liberty Tree Mall in Danvers. While some people currently bike to these areas, the existing infrastructure does not provide a sense of safety or comfort required to encourage a larger share of the population to bike to their jobs or daily errands. Biking for Fun Salem contains dozens of parks of varying sizes located throughout the City, in addition to an exceptional array of cultural attractions. The broad distribution of the City’s parks allows people who live in any neighborhood to access a green space within a short distance of their home. Similarly, the vast majority of Salem’s museums and historic sites are concentrated within the Downtown area, making it easy to travel between sites using active modes. The strong tourist economy in Salem brings over a million people into Salem, most within a short time period around October. The heavy influx of people into Salem strains all modes of transportation, placing an even greater emphasis on the need for transportation choices to support the increased demand. The availability of Salem’s hybrid dockless bikeshare system gives tourists access to the whole of Salem by bike. With a concentration of docking stations located Downtown, the system is especially well-equipped to handle visitors to Salem’s main tourist attractions. 12 Community comments collected via Wikimap 13 Dill, D. and N. McNeil. Revisiting the Four Types of Cyclists. In Transpor- tation Research Record 2587. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 2016. Salem’s Bike Network In the intervening years since the 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Plan was completed, Salem has made many positive changes that have made biking accessible. Several miles of bike lanes and new shared-use paths have been opened, creating new routes and options for moving around the City. However, the current system of bike infrastructure does not always provide adequate separation or connectivity to make most people feel that it is a safe way to travel. The primary challenge facing Salem is inadequate separation between people biking and driving along many of Salem’s main high-volume, high-speed streets. These streets are the primary connectors in Salem - those that carry people from neighborhoods to Downtown, Salem State, the ferry terminal, and other destinations described above. Existing Lanes and Paths As shown in Map 1, Salem currently has approximately seven miles of bike infrastructure installed throughout the City, including just under three miles of off-street shared use path and approximately four miles of on-street bike lanes. While these bike lanes and paths are useful tools for a portion of the population, most of the on-street bike facilities that exist today are along relatively high-volume, high-speed streets and do not prove any separation between people biking and moving traffic. As a result, the majority of Salem’s existing on-street lanes are considered low-comfort. National research shows that routes like these are likely to attract a maximum of around seven percent of the total population, while an additional 65 percent would consider biking if routes provided a more comfortable ride. In Salem, the public identified the primary reasons they don’t currently ride a bike, demonstrating that for a greater bike mode share to be achieved, greater comfort and separation is required along Salem’s streets (See Figure 6).12 Comfort and Safety Salem’s bicycle network currently supports a small population of highly confident bicyclists who are willing to ride on roads with traffic and without bike lanes. By contrast, most people (51-56%) are interested in biking but concerned about safety and seek off-street or separated bicycle facilities or quiet, traffic-calmed residential roads (See Figure 7).13 This research is supported by feedback collected from Salem residents who identified ‘no bike facilities on part of my route’ and ‘too much traffic on my route’ as the main reasons they currently elect to not travel by bike. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% No bike facilities on part of my route No secure place to park my bike Feels unsafe for children OtherToo much traffic on my route 42% 59% 20%22% 14% Figure 6: Community-Reported Challenges to Biking in Salem 11SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS Map 1: Existing Bicycle Facilities 12 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS The community’s perception of unsafe conditions was examined alongside the numerical results of a crash analysis and a Bicycle Level of Traffic Stress tool that quantifies how comfortable a given route is based on the road context. The analysis evaluated characteristics that most strongly contribute to bicyclist comfort: the level of separation from motor vehicles, traffic volume, and traffic speed. A weakest link principle was then used to score road segments based on vehicular speed, volume, curbside use, and bicycle facility width/separation. The lowest-stress segments (LTS 1) are suitable for almost all people – including children – to bike on while the highest- stress segments (LTS 4) require riding near and negotiating with moderate to high-speed traffic. The results of Salem’s Bicycle Level of Traffic Stress analysis are shown in Map 2. In general, Salem’s many local, residential streets were designated high-comfort due to the low traffic volumes and speeds found on those streets. The main streets that carry the majority of people to the places they want to go were generally categorized as high-stress or highest-stress. These streets - some of which include existing painted bike lanes - do not provide separated infrastructure to mitigate exposure to significant traffic volumes and high speeds. A comparison of the Level of Traffic Stress analysis and crash data for the most recent five years show a trend between high-stress streets and the crashes resulting in serious injury or death. Most crashes (57%) were located along high-stress streets, and a high concentration of crashes occurred in the dense and busy Downtown street network. Of the total 245 crashes involving vulnerable users, seven crashes resulted in the end of a person’s life. Bike Parking An often-overlooked component of bike infrastructure is bike parking. There are a variety of public bike racks with total capacity for 647 bikes around Salem. High-capacity racks are located at Mack Park, Salem State University, Salem High School, Carlton Innovation School, the ferry dock, and the MBTA garage near Salem Station. The location of municipal bike parking facilities is shown in Map 1. Although the majority of existing bike parking is centralized in the downtown area, Salem residents still reported that this is where bike parking is most in need of additional supply. The 2018 Salem Community Food Assessment also disclosed that bike racks are available at only one of Salem’s forty-seven food stores and that the lack of bike racks at these stores was a deficit to food access. Figure 7: Bicyclist Design User Profiles 13SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS Map 2: Comfort and Safety 14 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS Policies and Programs Salem’s ability to provide a safe and comfortable biking experience throughout the city is dependent on how well biking is integrated into Salem’s routine processes and procedures. Biking in Salem is currently supported through several existing policies and programs, described below. Although Salem has made progress toward achieving a bike network that is accessible for people of all ages and abilities, a primary focus of this Plan is the coordination of City procedures and policies to ensure biking is built in as an upfront consideration in City decision-making processes. Bicycling Advisory Committee In June 2006 the City established the Salem Bicycling Advisory Committee to help guide Salem’s bike path network and promote a bike and pedestrian-friendly environment citywide. The committee coordinated with City staff and a consulting team to produce Salem’s first-generation bike plan, the 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Planning Study, which identified a 4.85-mile pilot route consisting of shared use paths, bike lanes, and shared lane markings connecting Winter Island south to Marblehead. The City has implemented this route in stages, with many shared lane markings and lanes completed. In their role as advisors to the City, the Bicycling Advisory Committee’s will continue to be engaged in City-led initiatives including planning and engineering projects that affect biking. 14 Complete Streets Improve Mobility for Older Americans. National Complete Streets Coalition, Smart Growth America. 15 Renee, J., and Bennett, P., Socioeconomics of Urban Travel: Evidence from the 2009 National Household Travel Survey, World Transport Policy and Prac - tice 20(4):7-27. September 2014 Community Planning In 2016 the City commenced the Imagine Salem planning process to establish a collective vision for the city’s future. The process is focused on achieving community, housing, employment, and transportation goals by 2026, with a strong emphasis on providing greater access to active transportation modes throughout Salem. With its focus on bike network safety, comfort, and connectivity, this Plan is directly in line with all of the transportation goals identified by Imagine Salem. In addition, the Salem for All Ages initiative charts a course of action for making Salem a livable place for people of all ages and abilities. The plan provides a vision for accessible, coordinated, and affordable intra-city transportation options, supporting policies that provide multi-modal options and links between various modes. A key plan initiative points to the need to evaluate the safety and walkability of intersections throughout Salem. Although Salem for All Ages does not identify bicycling as a transportation strategy, evidence suggests that supportive policies to improve bicycling infrastructure – as well as technology enhancements such as electric bicycles – may increase rates of bicycling in older population groups.14 15 Policies The City established a Complete Streets policy in 2014 that seeks to make every Salem transportation project an Salem’s bikeshare system launched in 2017 with 10 stations around Salem, primarily in the Downtown area 15SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | EXISTING CONDITIONS opportunity for improving streets for all transportation modes. The City’s policy and associated prioritization plan opens the door for the City to receive funding through MassDOT’s Complete Streets Funding program, which allocates up to $400,000 for municipal projects selected through a competitive application process. Thus far Complete Streets funding has been awarded for upgrades to the intersection of Lafayette Street, Loring Avenue, and West Avenue. Site plan review is a primary vehicle for reviewing and guiding changes to the built environment in Salem. As part of the City’s site plan review process, applicants must disclose the location and dimensions of all bicycle racks and storage areas, however there is no requirement to include these facilities as part of a project. Although zoning does not currently mandate bike parking requirements for new development, the City maintains an updated inventory of all municipal bike parking and is currently in the process of preparing bike parking guidelines for private developments reviewed by the City Planning Board. Programs The City participates in the federally-funded MassDOT Safe Routes to School (SRTS) initiative, which seeks to provide students with an opportunity to walk or bike to school on a frequent basis. In Salem, there is significant opportunity to improve the share of people walking and biking to school. Travel data for the over 4,000 public school students in Salem demonstrates that 39 percent arrive by bus and much of the remaining 61 percent arrive by car. Though the SRTS program, Walk to School days, bike rodeos, and other programs are coordinated with five local schools – Bates Elementary, Bentley Elementary, Horace Mann Laboratory, Nathaniel Bowditch, and Saltonstall. In addition, Bates Elementary school was the recipient of MassDOT SRTS infrastructure funding for a safety improvement project that will include signal upgrades and sidewalk improvements. The Bates Elementary School SRTS infrastructure project is currently in preliminary design. Salem also supports improved conditions for biking through a recently instituted neighborhood traffic calming program that provides residents the opportunity to request traffic calming through a formal application process. Two projects are currently underway and slated to be finished in late 2018. The program was initially administered by the City’s Engineering Department but is now managed by the Traffic and Parking Department and funded through the City’s Capital Improvement Plan. Salem is supportive of enforcement educations programs, and was one of 12 initial communities to participate in the MassDOT Bicycle and Pedestrian Safety Awareness and Enforcement Program in 2014. Approximately 30 officers have completed the Massachusetts Police Mountain Bike Patrol School training. Through this Plan’s outreach process, the Police Department expressed support for biking infrastructure throughout Salem, noting that compliance by all users increases with dedicated infrastructure. Finally, Salem launched a bikeshare program in 2017 with 50 bikes available at 10 stations. In its first year of use, the system accommodated approximately 2,500 rides, with 6,953 rides as of September 11, 2018. The City also piloted a bikeshare feature that allowed users to lock a bike at any bike rack in addition to designated docks around the city. In general, the bikeshare docks are concentrated around Downtown with two stations on the Salem State University Campus and one in North Salem. Through public engagement, the Salem community shared concerns that current system is limited geographically, and that additional docks or stations outside of Salem (for example, in Marblehead) would provide additional functionality to residents and employers in Salem. Others suggested that the cost of a membership acts as a disincentive for some of Salem’s lower- income residents. Several stakeholders involved in development activity suggested that bikeshare should be better promoted, especially to new residents.   The City recognizes that all roadway projects – including new construction, maintenance and reconstruction – are potential opportunities to apply Complete Streets design principles. The City will, to the maximum extent practical, design, construct, maintain, and operate all streets to provide for a comprehensive and integrated street network of facilities for people of all ages and abilities. Salem Complete Streets Policy 16 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 17SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  Recommendations Planning for a more bikeable future will require the coordination, time, and resources of many City departments, neighboring jurisdictions, and the public. The recommendations of this Plan address specific infrastructure changes, city policy, and programming that will enable the development of citywide network of bikeways that is comfortable for people of all ages and abilities. 3 Recommendations 1 Winters, M., K. Teschke, M. Grant, E. Setton and M. Bauer. How Far Out of the Way Will We Travel?: Built Environment Influences on Route Selection for Bicycle and Car Travel. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2190, 2010, pp. 1-10. The recommendations were developed based on the review of existing conditions, ongoing planning and design efforts, and with the input of community members, the Steering Committee, and City staff. Recommendations align with the six principles for connected bike networks as identified by the Federal Highway Administration as described below. The recommendations of the Plan are grounded in a commitment to safety, security, and comfort. Along busy, fast, or wide streets, shared use paths and separated bike lanes are preferred because they provide the greatest degree of separation from motor vehicles (See Figure 8). Conventional or buffered bike lanes may be appropriate on streets with moderate volumes and low speeds and where parking turnover is low. Neighborhood greenways are reserved for low-volume, low-speed local streets. While the bikeway solutions selected for each recommendation reflect a planning level analysis of traffic volume, speed, road width, and other factors, the final selection and design of each facility will require detailed site analysis and additional public outreach. The recommendations address other infrastructure components that contribute to comfort and safety, such as wayfinding signage, bike racks, and intersection treatments such as bike crossings and queue boxes. An additional design consideration that will affect project design and implementation is the character of Salem’s streets and historic districts. Bicycle facilities can be designed to minimize pavement markings and signage or to integrate them into an aesthetic scheme that preserves community identity and historic contexts. Cohesion and access were considered in terms of how the network could connect Salem’s high-demand employment, shopping, and recreation destinations. Recommendations focus on creating a dense network of bikeways in the busy Downtown area, with routes connecting Downtown to all areas of Salem. Routes that increase access to the MBTA Commuter Rail Station, MBTA Ferry Terminal, and bust stops were also prioritized given their unique value to the transportation network. Directness and alternatives were balanced by comparing the feasibility of developing safe and comfortable routes on main streets versus parallel local streets. As research shows, most people are willing to lengthen a trip only by 25 percent1 to avoid difficult traffic conditions, alternatives requiring significant out-of-direction travel were not substituted for high-comfort bikeways on busy corridors. Safety and Security Does the network provide routes that minimize risk of injury, danger, and crime? Comfort Does the network appeal to a broad range of age and ability levels with consideration given to user amenities? Cohesion How connected is the network in terms of its concentration of destinations and routes? Directness Does the network provide direct and convenient access to destinations? Access How well does the network accommodate travel for all users, regardless of age, income level, or ability? Alternatives Are there many different route choices available within the network? FHWA’s Principles of Connected Networks 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60+ Shared Use Path or Separated Bike Lane Bike Lane (Buffer Pref.) Neighborhood Greenway Speed (MPH)Motor Vehicles per Day10k+ 9k 8k 7k 6k 5k 4k 3k 2k 1k 0 Figure 8: Facility Selection Guidance18 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | RECOMMENDATIONS 19 The following bikeway treatment types are identified throughout the Plan recommendations: Shared Use Path A shared use path is physically separated from traffic and permits two-way operations for use by all non- motorized users. Separated Bike Lane A separated bike lane is physically separated from traffic with vertical and horizontal elements. They may be designed for one-way or two-way use and may be constructed at the street, sidewalk, or intermediate level. Buffered Bike Lane A buffered bike lane is an on-street bikeway separated from an adjacent travel lane or on-street parking lane by a striped buffer area. Conventional Bike Lane A conventional bike lane is an on-street bikeway delineated from an adjacent travel lane or on-street parking lane with pavement markings. Neighborhood Greenway A neighborhood greenway (or bike boulevard) is a low- volume, low-speed street – typically a local street – that has prioritizes bicycle travel with signs, pavement markings, traffic calming measures, and enhanced crossing treatments. ≥12’ 10’ ≥6’ 2’ Rec. Min. Rec. Min. ≥6’ 2’ ≥6.5’ 5’ 6’ 5’ 4’ 3’ Rec. Min. 6’ 5’ Rec. Min. Designing for Comfort and Safety Shared Use Path Separated Bike Lane Conventional Bike Lane Neighborhood Greenway Buffered Bike Lane 20 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  Map 3: Infrastructure Project Recommendations 21SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  Infrastructure Recommendations Eighty-seven infrastructure recommendations are listed according to their position on a map of Salem (See Map 3). The Action Plan in the following section provides additional information on cost and funding sources, suggested time to completion, feasibility, and physical or other constraints. 1 Kernwood Avenue Bridge Add conventional bike lanes to Kernwood Avenue bridge. Consider a wider shared use path on one side of the bridge to accommodate people biking and walking in a completely separated environment. Consider adding non-slip plates across bridge grates to improve traction. Coordinate with MassDOT on maintaining boardwalk sidepath. 2 Kernwood Avenue Provide conventional bike lanes along Kernwood Avenue.  3 Essex Bridge (Sgt. James Ayube Memorial Drive)  Coordinate with MassDOT to provide separated bike lanes on the Essex Bridge extending from Sgt. Ayube Drive into Beverly. Consider grade-separated or concrete barriers to provide adequate protection from high-speed traffic. Coordinate with Beverly to provide continuous high-comfort route. Current Initiative: MassDOT upgrades to Beverly side 5 Liberty Hill Avenue, Appleton Street Provide buffered or separated bike lane on Liberty Hill Avenue from Appleton Street to Kernwood Avenue. Consider a shared use path along the east side of the street (against the cemetery). Current Initiative: Bates Elementary School SRTS Infrastructure Project 4 Sargent Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Orne Street to Kernwood Avenue. 6 Felt Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Dearborn Street to Kernwood Avenue 10 Szetela Lane, Memorial Drive, Restaurant Row Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Settlers Way to Bay View Avenue via Memorial Drive and Restaurant Row. 12 Fort Avenue Narrow parking lanes to provide buffered or separated bike lanes along Fort Avenue. Coordinate with Salem Power Plant development to strengthen bicycle connectivity. Consider a fully separated multi-use path. Current Initiative: Salem Power Plant Study 9 Orne Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment along Orne Street from North Street to Sargent Street.  7 Bridge Street Neck Path Evaluate feasibility of extending Bridge Street Path to close gap between Skerry Street and Burnside Street between Sgt. James Ayube Memorial Drive and Essex Bridge. 8 Liberty Hill Avenue at Appleton Street Tighten intersection and improve communication of traffic control. Current Initiative: Bates Elementary School SRTS Infrastructure Project 11 Sgt. James Ayube Memorial Drive Install vertical separation along existing bike lane on Sgt. James Ayube Memorial Drive from Bridge Street to proposed connection on Essex Street Bridge. 15 Bridge Street Neck Provide buffered bike lanes on Bridge Street. 13 Collins Street, East Collins Street, and Planters Street Transition Peter Tracy Multiuse Path / Collins Cove Path to an on-street bike lanes. Provide connection from end of path to Bridge Street Neck via Collins Street, East Collins Street, and Planters Street 14 Dearborn Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from North Street to Felt Street. 16 North Street Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Evaluate feasibility to eliminate travel lane, and/or narrow travel/parking lanes to provide buffered bike lanes extending from Franklin Street to the Peabody City Line. Carry bike lanes through all intersections. Coordinate with Peabody to provide continuous high-comfort route. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan; 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Planning Study 22 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  18 School Street Provide buffered bike lanes on School Street between North Street and Tremont Street. Consider removing center lines or other methods to calm traffic. Provide neighborhood greenway treatment on narrower section (close to North Street). 17 Bridge Street at Webb Street Provide transition opportunity for bikes exiting path to turn left onto Bridge Street. Add bike box in front of stop bar for northbound Webb Street traffic, and consider signage to allow bikes to use pedestrian signal to cross. Current Initiative: City-planned path extension 25 Tremont Street Provide conventional bike lanes along Tremont Street between Peabody City Line and Mason Street. 26 Winter Street Provide separated bike lanes along Winter Street from Salem Common to Bridge Street. 23 Webb Street Provide conventional bike lanes from Bridge Street (connecting to Peter Tracy Multiuse Path) to Derby Street. 21 Entry to Peter Tracy Multiuse Path at Andrew Street / Webb Street Intersection Widen entry to Peter Tracy Multiuse Path north of Andrew Street / Webb Street intersection. Current Initiative: Collins Cove Multi-use Path Project 19 Collins Cove Path Extend and widen Collins Cove Path from terminus at Webb Street to Settlers Way along waterfront desire line in accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan; 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Planning Study; Collins Cove Living Shoreline Project 20 Furlong Park / Ferris Lot Coordinate with landowners to provide shared use path connection along waterfront behind Furlong Park and Ferris lot. Formalize goat path along North River across train tracks to connect to MBTA Commuter Rail station. 24 Andrew Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment to connect to Salem Common. 22 Tremont Street at School Street Tighten intersection. 29 North Street Bridge Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes along both sides of the North Street Bridge. Current Initiative: MassDOT District 4 Pedestrian, Bicycle Upgrades at Various Locations, and MassDOT Route 114 Road Safety Audit 30 MBTA Commuter Rail Station Strengthen bicycle and pedestrian access to the train station at the Bridge Street / Washington Street entrance and from MBTA parking lots. Clarify bicycle route of travel through main entrance on Bridge Street / Washington Street to lower platform and bike cage. Formalize connections to station from Leslie’s Retreat Park and path behind former HMA site. Add additional rail crossing pads. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan 28 North Street at Franklin Street Improve crossing conditions for vulnerable users. Formalize and sign connection along North Street spur to Commercial Street and Leslie’s Retreat Path. Current Initiative: MassDOT Route 114 Road Safety Audit 27 Collins Cove Path (Beattie Park) Extend Collins Cove Path east through City land and David J. Beattie Park to connect to Derby Street in accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan. Provide crossing at Fort Avenue. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan and Collins Cove Multi-use Path Project 31 Leslie’s Retreat Path at Bridge Street (Path Entrance) Formalize connection from Bridge Street and the MBTA Commuter Rail Parking lot driveway to the entrance of Leslie’s Retreat Path west of the MBTA Commuter Rail Parking Lot in accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan 32 Mason Street Provide conventional bike lanes along Mason Street between Flint Street and Tremont Street. Provide signage to direct people to high-comfort options for crossing the North River into downtown. 23SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  33 Bridge Street (MBTA Commuter Rail Station) Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes on Bridge Street between Bridge Street Neck and North Street. Install bike box at Bridge Street / Washington Street intersection and leading bike interval to allow bikes to maneuver into left lane to continue on Bridge Street and into the MBTA parking lot. Stripe green lane across intersection to indicate movement for bikes going to MBTA parking low at lower level. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan 34 Salem Common Loop Provide continuous bikeway loop around perimeter of Salem Common with strong access/egress connections on feeder streets (Andrew Street, Winter Street, Hawthorne Street, and Brown Street.) Current Initiative: Concept Design to convert existing sidewalk to multiuse path at Salem Station Apartments 35 Salem Power Station Redevelopment Consider providing bike facilities and wayfinding throughout Salem Power Station Redevelopment site. Current Initiative: Salem Harbor Plan Update 36 Harmony Grove Road Consolidate right-of-way and narrow travel lanes to provide shared use path along one or both sides of Harmony Grove between Grove Street and Peabody City Line. 38 Federal Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from St. Peter Street to North Street. 39 Brown Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from the Salem Common to St. Peter Street. Coordinate with proposed pedestrian improvements documented in Complete Streets Prioritization Plan. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan 37 North Washington Square at Brown Street Consider squaring off intersection to make plaza. 41 North Street at Federal Street In the short-term, complete proposed plans to stripe conventional bike lanes through the intersection. In the long-term, consider reconstructing the intersection with tightened geometry and improved crossings for people biking and walking. Consider closing slip lane from North Street southbound, and formalize goat path to create high-comfort connection to Leslie’s Retreat path and MBTA commuter rail through green space. Use jug handle to facilitate bikes turning left from Summer Street / North Street into path. Widen crosswalk and path to provide a comfortable shared pedestrian / bike environment. Provide queue box for bikes exiting path and entering Summer Street southbound. Current Initiative: MassDOT District 4 Pedestrian and Bicycle Upgrades at Various Locations 40 Washington Street at Federal Street  Stripe green bike lanes through the intersection and enhance crosswalk markings and signage to improve pedestrian access to bikeshare station. Consider RRFB, curb extensions, and other crosswalk enhancements plus improvements to left turn from Washington to Federal. 42 Derby Street Provide bike lanes on Derby Street between Lafayette Street and Fort Avenue. Consider parking-protected bike lanes on wider section (west of Orange Street). Consider contraflow lanes on Derby Street east of Orange Street. Current Complete Streets Prioritization Plan recommendations include a mix of conventional bike lanes and shared use paths to improve connectivity to the MBTA Ferry Terminal via full reconstruction east of Orange Street. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan 44 Bridge Street Install separated bike lanes along Bridge Street between Flint Street and Boston Street. Evaluate potential to widen north side of street to accommodate connected bike lanes along Bridge Street between Rt. 114 ramp and Flint Street. Formalize bike connection within shoulder area if widening is not possible. Complete planned project to convert Bridge Street between Flint Street and Boston Street to a three-lane cross section with separated bike lanes. Integrate design with proposed off- street path connection from Grove Street to Bridge Street behind self storage building. Current Initiative: 2012 North River Canal Corridor Study; Bridge Street Massworks Project “Complete Streets” Enhancements 43 Essex Street (Hawthorne Boulevard) Consider traffic calming and wayfinding between New Liberty Street and Hawthorne Boulevard to clarify bike connection to high activity pedestrian mall via this low- volume, low-speed segment. 24 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  47 Leslie’s Retreat Path at Flint Street Formalize connection of terminus of Leslie’s Retreat Path to meet intersection of Flint Street and Bridge Street. Current Initiative: Boston/Bridge/Flint MassWorks Project; Salem Suede Redevelopment Project 45 Washington Street Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes on Washington Street between New Derby Street and Bridge Street as a priority north/south bike route. Consider a two-way facility on the west side of the street as an extension of the Salem Bike Path or one-way separated pairs on both sides of the street. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan; MassDOT District 4 Pedestrian and Bicycle Upgrades at Various Locations; East Coast Greenway link 46 Essex Street Pedestrian Mall Reconstruct the Essex Pedestrian Mall in accordance with the Essex Street Pedestrian Mall Improvements project to improve accessibility and clarify travel zones. Consider revising City ordinance to permit bike travel along the Mall outside of the busy season (October). Provide signage to inform people biking of seasonal bike restrictions. Provide wayfinding to bike parking locations outside of mall, and consider providing moveable bike racks within mall. Current Initiative: Essex Street Pedestrian Mall Conceptual Design 48 Boston Street Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes for the length of the street, with buffered bike lanes near Bridge Street intersection. Improve crossings for vulnerable users. Coordinate with Peabody to provide continuous high-comfort route. Current Initiative: 2012 North River Canal Corridor Study; Bridge Street Massworks Project “Complete Streets” Enhancements; 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Planning Study; MassDOT Boston Street Redesign 50 Central Street at Essex Street Pedestrian Mall Consider converting Central Street to shared street from near Essex Street Pedestrian Mall to intersection with Lafayette Street and Charter Street. 51 Norman Street Provide bike lanes on each side of the street between Summer Street and Margin Street. Consider removing or shortening right turn lane (coordinate with Margin Street closure recommendation) to provide additional space for separation. Current Initiative: MassDOT District 4 Pedestrian and Bicycle Upgrades at Various Locations 49 Congress Street / Hawthorne Boulevard Provide buffered bike lanes as able from Palmer Cove Park north to Salem Common. Where space does not exist for buffering, provide conventional bike lanes. Current Initiative: 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Planning Study 53 New Derby Street Provide parking-protected bike lanes on New Derby Street between Margin Street and Lafayette Street. Note: Current Complete Streets Prioritization Plan recommends conventional bike lanes. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan 52 Essex Street Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes along Essex Street between Jackson Street / Route 107 and Summer Street. Construct bike lanes in accordance with proposed Complete Streets Prioritization Plan for the segment between Summer Street and Washington Street. Connect to a short traffic calmed or bike lane segment along Flint Street to coordinate with Chestnut Street recommendations (#55). Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan 54 Margin Street between Norman Street and Gedney Street Consider closing or restricting motor vehicle access on Margin Street between Norman Street / New Derby Street and Gedney Street. Enable two-way operations between Gedney Street and Mill Street. Create shared street between Riley Plaza and Post Office. Clarify preferred bike crossing movement from Riley Plaza to Washington Street northbound through intersection striping and phasing. Current Initiative: Redevelopment Sites at 212 Washington, Riley Plaza parking, and hotel to be built at Dodge St 25SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  55 Chestnut Street Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide neighborhood greenway treatments on Chestnut Street from Flint Street to Summer Street as an alternative east/west connection. Consider contraflow connection with street calming while maintaining residential parking on both sides. Modify geometry of Summer Street / Chestnut Street / Norman Street intersection and stripe contraflow bike movement through intersection, including consideration of neighborhood roundabout. Current Initiative: Traffic Calming Program 56 Salem Harborwalk Formalize and sign harborwalk bike connections. Consider bike facilities in conjunction with waterfront park and path development. Utilize Chapter 91 review process to identify and leverage new path opportunities. 57 Bridge Street at Boston Street Square off intersection corners to slow traffic movements. Carry bike lane striping through the intersection. Evaluate signal timing options to protect vulnerable user movements through the intersection. Current Initiative: Boston/Bridge/Flint MassWorks Project 58 Washington Street between New Derby Street and Mill Street (Salem Bike Path) Extend bike path to intersection of Washington Street / New Derby Street and connect to separated facility on Washington Street. Consider connection through municipal parking lot instead of on-street. Current Initiative: City-planned bike lanes 61 Harbor Street Provide buffered or separated bike lane. Consider providing contraflow lane. 64 Prince Street Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Harbor Street to Leavitt Street. Consider coordinating with Salem Public Space Project. 63 Gallows Hill Park Paths Formalize path through Gallows Hill Park connecting the ends of Witch Hill Road and Hanson Street. Formalize and sign path connecting Witch Hill Road and Varney Street through existing path. Current Initiative: Gallows Hill Park Renovation 59 Summer Street Provide separated bike lanes along Summer Street from Essex Street to Gedney Street. Transition to contraflow lane with neighborhood greenway treatments on Summer Street from Gedney Street to Jefferson Street to maintain bi-directional bike connectivity. Current Initiative: City-planned bike lanes; East Coast Greenway link 62 Broad Street / Dalton Parkway Provide parking-protected bike lanes with formalized crossings at each intersection. 60 Washington Street at Mill Street / Canal Street Tighten intersection and improve crossings for people biking and walking. Consider closing slip lanes. Enhance terminus of existing bike path to direct people biking to crosswalk instead of mid-block location. Current Initiative: Canal Street Reconstruction 66 Jackson Street Provide buffered bike lanes on each side of the street. Between Route 107 and Broad Street, route bike lanes between embankment and parking and work with school district to formalize access to the playground parking lot at Jackson Street and Broad Street, with appropriate bike lanes routing through the intersection. 67 Leavitt Street Provide buffered bike lane. Consider providing contraflow lane. 65 Route 107 (Highland Avenue / Essex Street) at Jackson Street Provide bike lane striping and bike boxes on N/S route. Consider providing contra flow lane to Dalton Parkway / Broad Street by widening Warren Court. Stripe Dalton Parkway across to Warren Court for bike access. Consider removing slip lane on Dalton Parkway. 68 Palmer Cove Formalize and sign bike connections. Consider bike facilities. Provide direct path connection to Saltonstall School with enhanced crossing treatment on Salem Street. Current Initiative: Palmer Cove Park Redesign 69 Martin Lane / Circle Hill Road Formalize a non-motorized connection from Martin Lane to Circle Hill Road through Dibiase Park. 26 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  70 Jefferson Avenue, Margin Street From Margin Street to Dove Avenue, provide buffered bike lane. From Dove Avenue to Adams Street provide conventional bike lanes. Consider consolidation or reduction of on-street parking to provide fully separated bike lanes. 71 Lafayette Street From Front Street to Dow Street consider removing parking to provide space for bike lanes with greater separation. Upgrade existing bike lanes to parking- separated bike lanes from Dow Street south to Salem Bike Path. Stripe bike lane between West Avenue and Savoy Road. Strengthen connection to bike path. Coordinate with Marblehead to provide continuous high- comfort route. 72 Ocean Avenue Provide bike lanes along Ocean Avenue. Consider reconstructing the footbridge over the rail tracks to form an east-west connection that reduces the north-south disconnect around the rail line from a mile to a half mile. Consider future access ramifications for proposed South Salem Commuter Rail station in future designs. 73 Marlborough Road Provide buffered bike lanes from Route 107 (Highland Avenue) to Peabody Line. Coordinate with Peabody to provide continuous high-comfort route. 75 Willson Street Provide bike lanes on Willson Street between Highland Ave and Jefferson Avenue. Strengthen connections to the schools and Salem Woods. 74 Old Road Consult with North Shore Medical Center regarding feasibility of formalizing and signing bicycle and pedestrian access from Willson Street to North Shore Medical Center via Old Road and parking lots. 78 Story Road / Castle Hill Park Formalize path through Castle Hill Park to connect Willson Street to Jefferson Avenue through Story Road. Current Initiative: Story Road Cluster Subdivision 79 Salem Bike Path Extend Salem Bike Path in accordance with existing plans. Current Initiative: 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Planning Study 81 Jefferson Avenue / Canal Street / Route 1A (Loring Avenue) Consider closing slip lanes and tightening intersection through quick-build or reconstruction in long-term. Stripe bike lanes through intersection. Minimize conflicts between southbound bicyclists on Route 1A and right turning cars. Evaluate signal timing options to protect vulnerable user movements through the intersection. Current Initiative: Route 1A - Vinnin Square Priority Corridor Study; MassDOT Canal Street Reconstruction Project 76 West Avenue Provide neighborhood greenway treatment to Forest River park. Integrate connection to neighborhood greenway with proposed Complete Streets Prioritization Plan to redesign of the Lafayette/Loring/West Intersection. Current Initiative: Complete Streets Upgrades to Lafayette/ Loring/West Intersection 77 Canal Street Provide buffered bike lanes. Look for opportunities to consolidate curb cuts.  Current Initiative: City-planned bike lanes; East Coast Greenway link 80 First Street Provide buffered or separated bike lanes or shared-use paths from Highland Avenue to Swampscott Road. Current Initiative: 2010 Bicycle Circulation Master Planning Study; Planned First Street/Traders Way Traffic Circle 82 Route 107 (Highland Avenue) Work with massDOT to provide separated bike lanes along the length of Highland Avenue from the Lynn City Line to Jackson Street. Provide sufficient separation to protect people biking from high-speed traffic. Stripe all major driveways with green paint. Remove median. Current Initiative: MassDOT Route 107 Corridor Study 83 Route 1A (Loring Avenue) In accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan pilot project, provide buffered or separated bike lanes from Lafayette Street to Lincoln Road and separated bike lanes south to Vinnin Square, with appropriate design treatments at bus stops.  Current Initiative: Complete Streets Prioritization Plan; Route 1A - Vinnin Square Priority Corridor Study 27SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  84 Route 1A Shared Use Path Consider an off-road path connection in green space on southbound Loring Avenue between Salem State South Campus and Riverview Street. Improve crossing treatments at Intersection with Lincoln Road and provide signage to direct people to Salem Bike Path via local, low- stress streets. 85 Swampscott Road Provide bike lanes along Swampscott Road between the Swampscott town line and Highland Avenue. Consider installation of a two-way facility or shared use path along the north side of the street. On-street bike lanes may substitute if widening is infeasible.  86 Route 1A at Leggs Hill Road Prioritize vulnerable user crossings with crosswalk enhancements and ADA upgrades. Consider RRFB, HAWK signal, upgrading advance crosswalk warning signage, enhanced pavement markings, or other treatments. Current Initiative: Route 1A - Vinnin Square Priority Corridor Study 87 Vinnin Square Consider feasibility study for reconfiguring ROW to provide buffered bike lanes or working with private developers to provide shared use (bicycle and pedestrian) path(s) through parking areas. Current Initiative: Route 1A - Vinnin Square Priority Corridor Study 28 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  Policy and Programming Recommendations Policy and programming recommendations will support the growth of biking in Salem. These recommendations are organized into three main categories: • Education and Encouragement programs to popularize and normalize cycling • Regulations and Operations to address gaps in project review and bikeway maintenance processes • Evaluation to measure and report progress on the Plan Recommendations include only those which are feasible and that meet the goals of improving safety, comfort, and connectivity. These policy and program changes are based on methods that have been proven to integrate considerations for bicycling into decision-making processes in other communities throughout New England and the country. Education and Encouragement 1. Continue to host educational opportunities on bike safety, maintenance, and infrastructure for all ages, with a focus on children. Salem should continue to coordinate through the Safe Routes to School (SRTS) and Mass in Motion initiatives to provide bicycle safety classes that instruct children how to ride a bicycle, complete a bicycle safety check, use safe riding skills, and follow the rules of the road. The same content should be tailored to teenagers, adults, and seniors along with information on the design and use of evolving bike facilities and infrastructure including bike racks, bikeways, pavement markings, signals, etc. Demonstration projects may be used to alert and explain new bicycle infrastructure to all road users. Additionally, Salem may consider providing bicycle maintenance classes for all ages that introduce basic skills to casual riders to maintain bicycles for transportation and recreation. 2. Provide education and training to City staff on bicycle planning and engineering. These may include online or in person trainings from Baystate Roads, National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO), or others. 3. Continue to provide training to law enforcement personnel on bicycle and pedestrian rights and responsibilities. Salem should continue to utilize the Massachusetts Police Mountain Bike Patrol School training for officers joining the Salem Bicycle Patrol Unit. 4. Continue to promote biking in Salem with up-to-date online and printed materials. As the conditions for biking in Salem evolve, the available information too must reflect the most up to date information. Clarify bicycle facilities, laws, and safe riding habits to both residents and visitors by updating the Salem Bike Routes Map brochure as city bike facilities evolve. Provide copies of the brochure to realtors, businesses, schools, and City departments for dispersal to residents, and target visitors by providing copies to tourism organizations and local hospitality establishments. Consider incorporating information into existing city tourism webpages and/or providing a permanent website with this information, updates on relevant City projects, and a calendar of bike-related events. At a minimum, all materials should be provided in English and Spanish. 5. Organize bike-focused community events. These may include open streets events (where streets are closed to vehicular traffic), Bike to Work days, family-oriented outings, increased Salem Bike Party rides, and other events that enhance the visibility of bicycling. Consider events or tours that promote Salem’s historic sites. 6. Work with Salem businesses and employers to encourage bicycling. Encourage employers to establish commuter benefit programs to provide incentives for people who bike to and from work. Encourage businesses to include walking, biking, and transit directions on websites and to install covered, secure, and well-lit bike parking. Regulations and Operations 1. Review and improve crash reporting procedures to better identify factors contributing to serious and fatal crashes. Ensure that crash reports include accurate information about pedestrian, bicyclist, and motor vehicle pre-crash maneuvers and crash conditions. This data can help the City to identify the countermeasures for specific types of crashes or locations. 2. Update guidelines to incorporate bike parking requirements into development and retrofit projects. Evaluate existing guidelines for development within the City and revise to encourage new developments to provide bicycle parking on-site. Consider supporting reductions in parking ratios and/or providing density credits for bike-friendly developments. Refer to the Association of Bike and Pedestrian Professional (APBP) Bicycle Parking Guidelines for information on parking best practices. For development within Chapter 91 jurisdiction, ensure bicycle and pedestrian access is prioritized through the open space and access requirements. 3. Establish a regular review of the routine road repaving program to identify opportunities where bicycle facilities may be implemented as part of routine maintenance. 29SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  Work with the City Engineer and Department of Public Works to review Paving Program list(s) several months in advance. When repaving occurs, ensure that existing bike infrastructure is reimplemented according to best practices. 4. Use the Bike Master Plan for project and development review. Utilize the Bicycling Advisory Committee to review all proposed and relevant capital projects and development projects against the infrastructure recommendations in the Bike Master Plan to identify opportunities to implement recommendations. 5. Coordinate with Salem’s other planning initiatives and those of neighboring municipalities. Consider bike planning within other City-led initiatives including Imagine Salem and the Salem Harbor Plan. In addition to collaboration among City departments, work with neighboring communities to ensure that bicycle network developed in Salem meets and extends seamlessly into adjacent municipalities. Consider accelerating Plan recommendations in the event that a neighboring jurisdiction plans to construct a bike facility along a connecting street. 6. Establish snow clearance and other maintenance procedures for bike facilities. Review current snow clearance operations and develop procedures that prioritizes winter bike access on primary roads and paths. For reference, see guidance in the 2018 MassDOT Municipal Resources Guide for Biking and MassDOT Separated Bike Lane Planning and Design Guide. Incorporate maintenance of bike facilities into annual budgets and planning programs. Publish a snow clearance schedule to inform residents of which routes receive prioritized snow clearance. 7. Continue to expand bike parking program including maintenance of inventory, working with schools to site new racks, and addition of new bike racks in high-activity areas. Maintain up-to-date inventory of all city-owned bike parking and conduct routine utilization checks at high- activity areas. Adjust and expand inventory as needed. Work with all Salem schools to ensure bike parking is provided at all school entrances. Review major employment and shopping areas, open spaces, and historic sites, and install bike parking where appropriate and/or requested. Codify bike parking standards for all city-maintained racks and encourage use of standards by developers and other partners. 8. Continue to work with a bikeshare operator to maintain and expand bikeshare in Salem. Throughout the public engagement process, stakeholders noted the geographic limitations of bikeshare stations, with some requests made to accommodate travel between Salem and nearby towns. Consider working with adjacent municipalities to expand bikesharing opportunities. Consider working with a bikeshare operator to provide a subsidy for low- income residents of Salem to offset membership costs. Encourage employers to provide a health benefit incentive by subsidizing membership for bikeshare. Promote station sponsorship opportunities to anchor employers in Salem. Evaluation 1. Evaluate and communicate progress on the Plan yearly. Collect and evaluate the following information: • Number and severity of crashes involving people walking or biking • Miles of high-comfort bike lanes/paths constructed • City-wide bicycle mode share • Before and after bike counts for major infrastructure projects THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 30 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN |  31 Action Plan The following pages present an Action Plan for the implementation of recommendations to aid in the strategic growth of biking in Salem. The Action Plan provides a prioritization of recommendations and clarifies cost, feasibility, and a suggested timeline for completing each project. Potential funding sources for each project have been identified. 3 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN Action Plan The Action Plan presented here is a starting point. The City will monitor changing conditions to ensure the implementation of the plan responds to new opportunities that may arise or shifting priorities of the community. Action Plan for Infrastructure Infrastructure-based recommendations range from low-cost projects with short completion timelines to more ambitious endeavors that require coordination among multiple landowners and complex review and funding structures. These differences are reflected in the Action Plan through a listing of projects by implementation timelines (short, mid, and long) and potential sources of funding (city, state, federal) for each project. Cost and Feasibility Planning-level assessments of cost and feasibility (low, medium, high) and were used to determine the most likely timeline for the completion of each project. Cost estimates are generally based on the general intensity of construction required for the facility types included in each recommendation. Therefore, projects that can be completed with paint and signage are generally estimated to be less costly than those that may require relocation of curb or new signal equipment. Each infrastructure recommendation is listed with a symbol reflecting its relative expense. A planning-level evaluation of feasibility for each project was completed based on the physical and regulatory constraints that are likely to affect the project. Conditions used to measure feasibility included project jurisdiction, routes with bus service, historic districts, constrained rights-of-way, and significant environmental challenges, such as steep elevation or waterbodies. Taken together, the cost and feasibility estimates correlate to the implementation timelines for each project, with less costly and simpler projects programmed for the short-term and more costly and complex projects expected to be completed on a longer time schedule. Implementation Timelines Implementation timelines need to consider the time and resources required to complete a project. Projects with significant cost and collaboration requirements will necessarily require more time to complete than small projects that can Implementation Considerations Project Cost Estimates $ - Neighborhood greenways and traffic calming, standard bike lane painting, buffered bike lanes, and small spot treatments such as widening an entrance to a path. $$ - Separated bike lanes, new shared-use paths, and minor intersection modifications. $$$ - Projects requiring new signal equipment or modifications at intersections, building new structures, closing streets and/or creating shared streets or plazas, creating vertical separation on bridges. Project Feasibility Low feasibility: Project has significant infrastructural challenges (such as constrained right-of-way) and jurisdictional (MassDOT or historic) implications Medium feasibility: Project may have jurisdictional implications but minor infrastructural challenges High feasibility: Project may be in a historic district but is otherwise relatively unconstrained. Project may already be planned or in progress as part of an ongoing initiative. City Funding Sources Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program (NTCP): This is a program geared at small-scale projects that can be implemented quickly with paint and other inexpensive materials and then potentially hardened over time. Salem Capital Improvement Plan (CIP): The CIP is a comprehensive investment strategy that may cover anything from new street painting for bicycles to bike racks to signage. CIP funding is a path for more expensive projects or as a means to fund a large number of similar projects. Engineering/Public Works Funding: The City receives state grants for roadway projects, as well as an annual Chapter 90 disbursement from the state for routine roadwork, which can include adding bicycle infrastructure. The funding needed to include bike infrastructure is relatively small compared to the overall cost of road projects. Under this category, bikeways may be implemented as a component of larger City projects. SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN be completed through an existing City project or process. The implementation timelines established for the Plan recommendations reflect the time to completion from initial site analysis and concept development through construction closeout, and include: • Short-term projects: projected to be completed within five years (See Map 4) • Mid-term projects: projected to be complete within five to ten years (See Map 5) • Long-term projects: projected to require ten years or more to complete (See Map 6) The implementation timelines established for each project are intended to represent a permanent installation. In some cases, however, the immediate or rapid installation of a project using temporary and inexpensive materials will have significant benefits on overall safety and connectivity benefits. A select few projects, for example, are along streets that are vitally important for providing basic connectivity to and through the core of Salem, but will require a significant effort to reconstruct the street in a permanent condition with relocated curbs and other features. These projects are noted throughout the Action Plan as candidates for ‘Quick Build’ implementation. Project Benefits and Prioritization Under each implementation term in the Action Plan, projects are listed according to their priority. Prioritization is important to help a City with a great vision for biking – like Salem – begin the process of implementing positive changes to the built environment. Working with the Steering Committee, each recommended project was evaluated according to their benefit to the community based on projects that: • Result in a significant safety improvement in high-stress and high-crash areas • Improve connectivity in high-demand destinations • Address public input collected through the planning process • Bolster equity in transportation access and opportunity Using quantitative data points, each project was assigned a score based on the project location and the expected benefit to the community. Projects that have a significant impact on the overall safety or connectivity of biking in Salem are considered highest priority, while those that benefit fewer people or have less dramatic positive impacts are considered lower priority. Each project was evaluated on a scale of 0 to 100, as shown in Table 1. High priority projects were those scoring 75 and above, with medium priority projects scoring between 50 and 75, and all others categorized as lower priority. Variable Total Possible Points Safety High Existing Level of Traffic Stress 25History of Vulnerable User Crashes Demand Population Density 25 Commercial/Institutional Land Uses Schools Employment Density Major Transit Hubs (including high-use bus stops) Connections to Neighboring Municipalities Bikeshare Public Input Destinations Identified by the Public 25Desired Routes Identified by the Public Challenging Areas Identified by the Public Parks Equity Low Car Ownership Populations 25 High Density of Low Income Residents High Density of Minority Residents High Density of Elderly Residents High Density of Children High Density of Disabled Residents Total Possible Points Per Project 100 Table 1: Project Prioritization Scoring Criteria 33 34 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN SALEM’S GROWING NETWORK Existing Short-term Short-term + Quick Build 0 years 1-5 years Figure 9: Salem’s Growing Network This series of maps show how the projects in this Plan will take shape over time, building out Salem’s network and creating safe, comfortable connections across the City. SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN Mid-term Long-term 5-10 years 10+ years Quick Build Projects to Achieve Minimum Grid A key component of a low-stress bicycle network is to provide access to and connectivity between origins and destinations on safe and comfortable routes. Segments or intersections that are unsafe or feel uncomfortable to cyclists can render a network incomplete. This Plan’s ultimate goal is to create an extensive low-stress network throughout Salem, but a minimum network that provides connectivity between many of the City’s origins and destinations can be established much sooner by using inexpensive and temporary materials to implement an interim solution. Seven projects identified through this Plan as medium-term projects based on their probable cost and feasibility are vital to providing basic connectivity throughout the City. These projects may be temporarily implemented using low- cost design treatments – such as paint and flex posts – to establish a minimum network before the projects are fully constructed in a permanent state. The ‘Short-term + Quick Build’ map to the left shows what a connected network will look like in the short-term, with existing facilities and those implemented in the short-term as solid lines, connected by quick-implementation projects in dotted lines. These quick- implementation projects are listed below. • 16: North Street • 29: North Street Bridge (from #16 terminus to Bridge Street) • 33: Bridge Street (MBTA Commuter Rail Station) • 45: Washington Street • 48: Boston Street • 52: Essex Street (from Highland Ave to Chestnut Street) • 55: Chestnut Street 36 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN Map 4: Short-term Project Recommendations 37SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLANPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationHigh Priority15Bridge Street NeckCIP$MediumXXPotential to coordinate with #17Provide buffered bike lanes on Bridge Street.40Washington Street at Federal StreetState$$MediumXSee recommendation: current plans show standard bike lanesStripe green bike lanes through the intersection and enhance crosswalk markings and signage to improve pedestrian access to bikeshare station. Consider RRFB, curb extensions, and other crosswalk enhancements plus improvements to left turn from Washington to Federal.42Derby StreetState$MediumXSee recommendation: cost and term may increase with shared use path; current plans show standard bike lanesProvide bike lanes on Derby Street between Lafayette Street and Fort Avenue. Consider parking-protected bike lanes on wider section (west of Orange Street). Consider contraflow lanes on Derby Street east of Orange Street. Current Complete Streets Prioritization Plan recommendations include a mix of conventional bike lanes and shared use paths to improve connectivity to the MBTA Ferry Terminal via full reconstruction east of Orange Street.49Congress Street / Hawthorne BoulevardCIP$HighX Provide buffered bike lanes as able from Palmer Cove Park north to Salem Common. Where space does not exist for buffering, provide conventional bike lanes.58Washington Street between New Derby Street and Mill Street (Salem Bike Path)CIP$$MediumPotential to coordinate with #54 & #60Extend bike path to intersection of Washington Street / New Derby Street and connect to separated facility on Washington Street. Consider connection through municipal parking lot instead of on-street.66Jackson StreetCIP$Medium Provide buffered bike lanes on each side of the street. Between Route 107 and Broad Street, route bike lanes between embankment and parking and work with school district to formalize access to the playground parking lot at Jackson Street and Broad Street, with appropriate bike lanes routing through the intersection.82Route 107 (Highland Avenue)State$$MediumXX Provide separated bike lanes along the length of Highland Avenue from the Lynn City Line to Jackson Street. Provide sufficient separation to protect people biking from high-speed traffic. Stripe green paint across all commercial and major driveways. Remove median.Table 2: Short-term Project Implementation PlanNTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving Program 38 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLANPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationHigh Priority86Route 1A at Leggs Hill RoadState$$MediumXX Prioritize vulnerable user crossings with crosswalk enhancements and ADA upgrades. Consider RRFB, HAWK signal, upgrading advance crosswalk warning signage, enhanced pavement markings, or other treatments.Medium Priority12Fort AvenueState$High Narrow parking lanes to provide buffered or separated bike lanes along Fort Avenue. Coordinate with Salem Power Plant development to strengthen bicycle connectivity. Consider a fully separated multi-use path.17Bridge Street at Webb StreetCIP$HighXEarly Action Item: Quick (<1 yr) implementation possible; potential to coordinate with #15 and #27Provide transition opportunity for bikes exiting path to turn left onto Bridge Street. Add bike box in front of stop bar for northbound Webb Street traffic, and consider signage to allow bikes to use pedestrian signal to cross.21Entry to Peter Tracy Multiuse Path at Andrew Street / Webb Street IntersectionCIP$High Widen entry to Peter Tracy Multiuse Path north of Andrew Street / Webb Street intersection.22Tremont Street at School StreetCIP$$High Tighten intersection.23Webb StreetEng/DPW, CIP$High Provide conventional bike lanes from Bridge Street (connecting to Peter Tracy Multiuse Path) to Derby Street.34Salem Common LoopCIP$MediumX Provide continuous bikeway loop around perimeter of Salem Common with strong access/egress connections on feeder streets (Andrew Street, Winter Street, Hawthorne Street, and Brown Street.)39Brown StreetState$High Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from the Salem Common to St. Peter Street. Coordinate with proposed pedestrian improvements documented in Complete Streets Prioritization Plan.43Essex Street (Hawthorne Boulevard)NTCP$HighIntensity of traffic calming may affect costConsider traffic calming and wayfinding between New Liberty Street and Hawthorne Boulevard to clarify bike connection to high activity pedestrian mall via this low- volume, low-speed segment.51Norman StreetState$MediumXPotential to coordinate with #54Provide bike lanes on each side of the street between Summer Street and Margin Street. Consider removing or shortening right turn lane (coordinate with Margin Street closure recommendation) to provide additional space for separation.67Leavitt StreetEng/DPW$HighPotential to coordinate with #49 & #68 Provide buffered bike lane. Consider providing contraflow lane.NTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving Program 39SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLANPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationMedium Priority75Willson StreetEng/DPW$High Provide bike lanes on Willson Street between Highland Ave and Jefferson Avenue. Strengthen connections to the schools and Salem Woods.77Canal StreetState$Medium Provide buffered bike lanes. Look for opportunities to consolidate curb cuts. 81Jefferson Avenue / Canal Street / Route 1A (Loring Avenue)Eng/DPW$$High Consider closing slip lanes and tightening intersection. Stripe bike lanes through intersection. Minimize conflicts between southbound bicyclists on Route 1A and right turning cars. Evaluate signal timing options to protect vulnerable user movements through the intersection.Lower Priority4Sargent StreetNTCP$High Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Orne Street to Kernwood Avenue.6Felt StreetNTCP$High Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Dearborn Street to Kernwood Avenue.9Orne StreetEng/DPW$High Provide neighborhood greenway treatment along Orne Street from North Street to Sargent Street. 10Szetela Lane, Memorial Drive, Restaurant RowEng/DPW$High Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Settlers Way to Bay View Avenue via Memorial Drive and Restaurant Row. 13Collins Street, East Collins Street, and Planters StreetNTCP$High Transition Peter Tracy Multiuse Path / Collins Cove Path to an on-street bike lanes. Provide connection from end of path to Bridge Street Neck via Collins Street, East Collins Street, and Planters Street14Dearborn StreetNTCP$High Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from North Street to Felt Street.18School StreetNTCP, Eng/DPW$HighIntensity of traffic calming may affect costProvide buffered bike lanes on School Street between North Street and Tremont Street. Consider removing center lines or other methods to calm traffic. Provide neighborhood greenway treatment on narrower section (close to North Street).19Collins Cove PathState/ Complete Streets$$High Extend and widen Collins Cove Path from terminus at Webb Street to Settlers Way along waterfront desire line in accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan.24Andrew StreetNTCP$High Provide neighborhood greenway treatment to connect to Salem Common.25Tremont StreetEng/DPW$High Provide conventional bike lanes along Tremont Street between Peabody City Line and Mason Street.26Winter StreetCIP$$HighX Provide separated bike lanes along Winter Street from Salem Common to Bridge Street.NTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving Program 40 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN NTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving ProgramPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationLower Priority27Collins Cove Path (Beattie Park)State$$$High Extend Collins Cove Path east through City land and David J. Beattie Park to connect to Derby Street in accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan. Provide crossing at Fort Avenue.32Mason StreetEng/DPW$HighCoordinate with private property owners to provide access to Leslie’s retreat pathProvide conventional bike lanes along Mason Street between Flint Street and Tremont Street. Provide signage to direct people to high-comfort options for crossing the North River into downtown.68Palmer CoveCIP$$High Formalize and sign bike connections. Consider bike facilities. Provide direct path connection to Saltonstall School with enhanced crossing treatment on Salem Street.72Ocean AvenueCIP$MediumCost and term increases with footbridge reconstructionProvide bike lanes along Ocean Avenue. Consider reconstructing the footbridge over the rail tracks to form an east-west connection that reduces the north-south disconnect around the rail line from a mile to a half mile. Consider future access ramifications for proposed South Salem Commuter Rail station in future designs.73Marlborough RoadEng/DPW$High Provide buffered bike lanes from Route 107 (Highland Avenue) to Peabody Line. Coordinate with Peabody to provide continuous high-comfort route.74Old RoadCIP$High Consult with North Shore Medical Center regarding feasibility of formalizing and signing bicycle and pedestrian access from Willson Street to North Shore Medical Center via Old Road and parking lots.76West AvenueNTCP, State$$HighIntensity of traffic calming may affect costProvide neighborhood greenway treatment to Forest River park. Integrate connection to neighborhood greenway with proposed Complete Streets Prioritization Plan to redesign of the Lafayette/Loring/West Intersection.79Salem Bike PathState$$High Extend Salem Bike Path in accordance with existing plans. 41SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN Map 5: Medium-term Project Recommendations 42 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLANPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationHigh Priority8Liberty Hill Avenue at Appleton StreetCIP$$HighCoordinate with #5Tighten intersection and improve communication of traffic control.16North StreetState$HighRecommended quick-build project to complete minimum gridConsider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Evaluate feasibility to eliminate travel lane, and/or narrow travel/parking lanes to provide buffered bike lanes extending from Franklin Street to the Peabody City Line. Carry bike lanes through all intersections. Coordinate with Peabody to provide continuous high-comfort route.28North Street at Franklin StreetState$$High Improve crossing conditions for vulnerable users. Formalize and sign connection along North Street spur to Commercial Street and Leslie’s Retreat Path.29North Street BridgeState$$MediumXSee recommendation: current plans show standard bike lanes; recommended quick-build project to complete minimum gridConsider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes along both sides of the North Street Bridge.30MBTA Commuter Rail StationState$$$MediumXCoordinate with #33; recommended quick-build project to complete minimum gridStrengthen bicycle and pedestrian access to the train station at the Bridge Street / Washington Street entrance and from MBTA parking lots. Clarify bicycle route of travel through main entrance on Bridge Street / Washington Street to lower platform and bike cage. Formalize connections to station from Leslie’s Retreat Park and path behind former HMA site. Add additional rail crossing pads31Leslie’s Retreat Path at Bridge Street (Path Entrance)State$High Formalize connection from Bridge Street and the MBTA Commuter Rail Parking lot driveway to the entrance of Leslie’s Retreat Path west of the MBTA Commuter Rail Parking Lot in accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan.33Bridge Street (MBTA Commuter Rail Station)State$$MediumXCoordinate with #30Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes on Bridge Street between Bridge Street Neck and North Street. Install bike box at Bridge Street / Washington Street intersection and leading bike interval to allow bikes to maneuver into left lane to continue on Bridge Street and into the MBTA parking lot. Stripe green lane across intersection to indicate movement for bikes going to MBTA parking low at lower level.37North Washington Square at Brown StreetCIP$$$MediumX Consider squaring off intersection to make plaza.Table 3: Medium-term Project Implementation PlanNTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving Program 43SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN NTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving ProgramPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationHigh Priority41North Street at Federal StreetState$$MediumXSee recommendation: requires traffic analysis for phasingIn the short-term, complete proposed plans to stripe conventional bike lanes through the intersection. In the long-term, consider reconstructing the intersection with tightened geometry and improved crossings for people biking and walking. Consider closing slip lane from North Street southbound, and formalize goat path to create high-comfort connection to Leslie’s Retreat path and MBTA commuter rail through green space. Use jug handle to facilitate bikes turning left from Summer Street / North Street into path. Widen crosswalk and path to provide a comfortable shared pedestrian / bike environment. Provide queue box for bikes exiting path and entering Summer Street southbound.44Bridge StreetState$$Medium Install separated bike lanes along Bridge Street between Flint Street and Boston Street. Evaluate potential to widen north side of street to accommodate connected bike lanes along Bridge Street between Rt. 114 ramp and Flint Street. Formalize bike connection within shoulder area if widening is not possible. Complete planned project to convert Bridge Street between Flint Street and Boston Street to a three-lane cross section with separated bike lanes. Integrate design with proposed off-street path connection from Grove Street to Bridge Street behind self storage building.45Washington StreetState$$MediumXSee recommendation: current plans show standard bike lanes; recommended quick-build project to complete minimum gridConsider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes on Washington Street between New Derby Street and Bridge Street as a priority north/south bike route. Consider a two-way facility on the west side of the street as an extension of the Salem Bike Path or one-way separated pairs on both sides of the street.48Boston StreetState$$MediumXRecommended quick-build project to complete minimum gridConsider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes for the length of the street, with buffered bike lanes near Bridge Street intersection. Improve crossings for vulnerable users. Coordinate with Peabody to provide continuous high-comfort route.52Essex StreetCIP/ State$$MediumXRecommended quick-build project to complete minimum grid Consider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide separated bike lanes along Essex Street between Jackson Street / Route 107 and Summer Street. Construct bike lanes in accordance with proposed Complete Streets Prioritization Plan for the segment between Summer Street and Washington Street. Connect to a short traffic calmed or bike lane segment along Flint Street to coordinate with Chestnut Street recommendations (#55). 44 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN NTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving ProgramPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationHigh Priority53New Derby StreetState$$MediumSee recommendation: current plans show standard bike lanesProvide parking-protected bike lanes on New Derby Street between Margin Street and Lafayette Street. Note: Current Complete Streets Prioritization Plan recommends conventional bike lanes.56Salem HarborwalkCIP$MediumRequires coordination with new developmentFormalize and sign harborwalk bike connections. Consider bike facilities in conjunction with waterfront park and path development. Utilize Chapter 91 review process to identify and leverage new path opportunities.57Bridge Street at Boston StreetState$$$MediumXIntersection reconfiguration and traffic controlSquare off intersection corners to slow traffic movements. Carry bike lane striping through the intersection. Evaluate signal timing options to protect vulnerable user movements through the intersection.71Lafayette StreetCIP$$LowXX From Front Street to Dow Street consider removing parking to provide space for bike lanes with greater separation. Upgrade existing bike lanes to parking-separated bike lanes from Dow Street south to Salem Bike Path. Stripe bike lane between West Avenue and Savoy Road. Strengthen connection to bike path. Coordinate with Marblehead to provide continuous high-comfort route.87Vinnin SquareState$$-$$$LowXXSee recommendation: requires feasibility studyConsider feasibility study for reconfiguring ROW to provide buffered bike lanes or working with private developers to provide shared use (bicycle and pedestrian) path(s) through parking areas.Medium Priority11Sgt. James Ayube Memorial DriveState$$$MediumXPotential to coordinate with #3Install vertical separation along existing bike lane on Sgt. James Ayube Memorial Drive from Bridge Street to proposed connection on Essex Street Bridge. 46Essex Street Pedestrian MallCIP$$$LowPotential to coordinate with #50Reconstruct the Essex Pedestrian Mall in accordance with the Essex Street Pedestrian Mall Improvements project to improve accessibility and clarify travel zones. Consider revising City ordinance to permit bike travel along the Mall outside of the busy season (October). Provide signage to inform people biking of seasonal bike restrictions. Provide wayfinding to bike parking locations outside of mall, and consider providing moveable bike racks within mall.59Summer StreetCIP$$MediumX Provide separated bike lanes along Summer Street from Essex Street to Gedney Street. Transition to contraflow lane with neighborhood greenway treatments on Summer Street from Gedney Street to Jefferson Street to maintain bi-directional bike connectivity. 45SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLANNTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving ProgramPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationMedium Priority60Washington Street at Mill Street / Canal StreetCIP$$MediumSee recommendation: current plans show standard bike lanes. Potential to coordinate with #54 & #58Tighten intersection and improve crossings for people biking and walking. Consider closing slip lanes. Enhance terminus of existing bike path to direct people biking to crosswalk instead of mid-block location.61Harbor StreetEng/DPW$Medium Provide buffered or separated bike lane. Consider providing contraflow lane.62Broad Street / Dalton ParkwayCIP$$Medium Provide parking-protected bike lanes with formalized crossings at each intersection.64Prince StreetNTCP$HighIntensity of traffic calming may affect cost Provide neighborhood greenway treatment from Harbor Street to Leavitt Street. Consider coordinating with Salem Public Space Project.Lower Priority1Kernwood Avenue BridgeState$MediumXSee recommendation: cost reflects bike lanes only. Shared use path increases costAdd conventional bike lanes to Kernwood Avenue bridge. Consider a wider shared use path on one side of the bridge to accommodate people biking and walking in a completely separated environment. Consider adding non-slip plates across bridge grates to improve traction. Coordinate with MassDOT on maintaining boardwalk sidepath.5Liberty Hill Avenue, Appleton StreetCIP$MediumSee recommendation: cost reflects buffered bike lanes option. Coordinate with #8Provide buffered or separated bike lane on Liberty Hill Avenue from Appleton Street to Kernwood Avenue. Consider a shared use path along the east side of the street (against the cemetery).7Bridge Street Neck PathCIP$$MediumCoordinate with schoolEvaluate feasibility of extending Bridge Street Path to close gap between Skerry Street and Burnside Street between Sgt. James Ayube Memorial Drive and Essex Bridge.35Salem Power Station RedevelopmentState/ Federal$High Consider providing bike facilities and wayfinding throughout Salem Power Station Redevelopment site.36Harmony Grove RoadCIP$$High Consolidate right-of-way and narrow travel lanes to provide shared use path along one or both sides of Harmony Grove between Grove Street and Peabody City Line.38Federal StreetNTCP$HighIntensity of traffic calming may affect costProvide neighborhood greenway treatment from St. Peter Street to North Street.50Central Street at Essex Street Pedestrian MallCIP$$$LowPotential to coordinate with #46Consider converting Central Street to shared street from near Essex Street Pedestrian Mall to intersection with Lafayette Street and Charter Street. 46 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLANPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationLower Priority55Chestnut StreetNTCP; CIP$MediumSee recommendation: traffic control important at Summer Street for contraflow. Intensity of traffic calming may affect cost. Recommended quick-build project to complete minimum gridConsider quick build project to complete minimum grid. Provide neighborhood greenway treatments on Chestnut Street from Flint Street to Summer Street as an alternative east/west connection. Consider contraflow connection with street calming while maintaining residential parking on both sides. Modify geometry of Summer Street / Chestnut Street / Norman Street intersection and stripe contraflow bike movement through intersection, including consideration of neighborhood roundabout.63Gallows Hill Park PathsCIP$$High Formalize path through Gallows Hill Park connecting the ends of Witch Hill Road and Hanson Street. Formalize and sign path connecting Witch Hill Road and Varney Street through existing path.69Martin Lane / Circle Hill RoadCIP$High Formalize a non-motorized connection from Martin Lane to Circle Hill Road through Dibiase Park.78Story Road / Castle Hill ParkCIP$High Formalize path through Castle Hill Park to connect Willson Street to Jefferson Avenue through Story Road.80First StreetCIP$$High Provide buffered or separated bike lanes or shared-use paths from Highland Avenue to Swampscott Road.84Route 1A Shared Use Path$$MediumX Consider an off-road path connection in green space on southbound Loring Avenue between Salem State South Campus and Riverview Street. Improve crossing treatments at Intersection with Lincoln Road and provide signage to direct people to Salem Bike Path via local, low-stress streets.85Swampscott RoadCIP$HighSee recommendation: widening of road for shared use path would affect costProvide bike lanes along Swampscott Road between the Swampscott town line and Highland Avenue. Consider installation of a two-way facility or shared use path along the north side of the street. On-street bike lanes may substitute if widening is infeasible. NTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving Program 47SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN Map 6: Long-term Project Recommendations 48 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLANPriorityProject IDLocationFunding SourceCostFeasibilityMassDOT RoadBus RouteNotesProject RecommendationHigh Priority65Route 107 (Highland Avenue / Essex Street) at Jackson StreetState$$$LowXX Provide bike lane striping and bike boxes on N/S route. Consider providing contra flow lane to Dalton Parkway / Broad Street by widening Warren Court. Stripe Dalton Parkway across to Warren Court for bike access. Consider removing slip lane on Dalton Parkway.70Jefferson Avenue, Margin StreetState$LowXX From Margin Street to Dove Avenue, provide buffered bike lane. From Dove Avenue to Adams Street provide conventional bike lanes.83Route 1A (Loring Avenue)State$MediumXX In accordance with Complete Streets Prioritization Plan pilot project, provide buffered or separated bike lanes from Lafayette Street to Lincoln Road and separated bike lanes south to Vinnin Square, with appropriate design treatments at bus stops. Medium Priority3Essex Bridge (Sgt. James Ayube Memorial Drive)State/Federal$$LowXX Coordinate with MassDOT to provide separated bike lanes on the Essex Bridge extending from Sgt. Ayube Drive into Beverly. Consider grade-separated or concrete barriers to provide adequate protection from high-speed traffic. Coordinate with Beverly to provide continuous high-comfort route.54Margin Street between Norman Street and Gedney StreetState/ Federal$$$LowPotential to coordinate with #51, #58, and #60Consider closing or restricting motor vehicle access on Margin Street between Norman Street / New Derby Street and Gedney Street. Enable two-way operations between Gedney Street and Mill Street. Create shared street between Riley Plaza and Post Office. Clarify preferred bike crossing movement from Riley Plaza to Washington Street northbound through intersection striping and phasing.LowerPriority20Furlong Park / Ferris LotCIP$$MediumSee recommendation: right-of-way acquisition likelyCoordinate with landowners to provide shared use path connection along waterfront behind Furlong Park and Ferris lot. Formalize goat path along North River across train tracks to connect to MBTA Commuter Rail station.NTCP = Neighborhood Traffic Calm ProgramCIP = Capital Improvement ProgramEng/DPW = City Engineering Budget/Department of Public Works Repaving ProgramTable 4: Long-term Project Implementation Plan 49SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN Action Plan for Policies and Programs While policies are generally implemented by the City, coordination with various City agencies, and potentially non- City entities, will be required. The Action Plan for implementing policy and program recommendations focuses on identifying a champion for each initiatives with additional partners identified, as shown in Table 5. Recommendation Champion City Partners Other Partners Education and Encouragement Continue to host educational opportunities on bike safety, maintenance, and infrastructure for all ages, with a focus on children. Planning & Community Development Schools, Health Department MassRIDES, Safe Routes To School, Salem State University, Bike Shops Provide education and training to City staff on bicycle planning and engineering.Engineering Planning & Community Development, Public Works Bay State Roads, NACTO Continue to provide training to law enforcement personnel on bicycle and pedestrian rights and responsibilities. Police Department Planning & Community Development MassDOT Continue to provide and enhance on-line and printed materials on biking in Salem. Planning & Community Development Information Technology Tourist Attractions, Developers, Hotels, Businesses Organize more bike-focused events. Recreation Department Planning & Community Development, Bicycling Advisory Committee Advocate Groups Work with Salem businesses and employers to encourage bicycling. Planning & Community Development Local Businesses Regulations and Operations Review and improve crash reporting procedures. Salem Police Department Planning & Community Development MassDOT Codify bike parking into development and retrofit requirements. Bicycling Advisory Committee Mayor’s Office, City Council, Planning & Community Development Developers Establish a regular review of the road repaving program to identify opportunities where bicycle facilities may be implemented as part of routine maintenance. Public Works Planning & Community Development, Bicycling Advisory Committee Use the Bike Master Plan for project and development review. Planning & Community Development Bicycling Advisory Committee Coordinate with Salem’s other planning initiatives and those of neighboring municipalities. Planning & Community Development Bicycling Advisory Committee MassDOT, Neighboring Towns and Cities Establish snow clearance and other maintenance procedures for bike facilities. Public Works Planning & Community Development Continue to expand bike parking program including maintenance of inventory, working with schools to site new racks, and addition of new bike racks in high-activity areas. Traffic & Parking Bicycling Advisory Committee, Planning & Community Development, Schools, Recreation Department Developers Continue to work with a bikeshare operator to maintain and expand bikeshare in Salem. Planning & Community Development Bicycling Advisory Committee, Traffic & Parking Salem State University, Neighboring Towns and Cities, Bikeshare, Businesses Evaluation Evaluate and communicate progress on the Plan yearly. Planning & Community Development Police, Public Works, Bicycling Advisory Committee Table 5: Policy and Programming Implementation Plan 50 SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN 51SALEM BICYCLE MASTER PLAN | ACTION PLAN Conclusion A more bikeable Salem is one that aligns with the values and goals of this great City. Access to opportunity, safety for all users, and multimodal connectivity are key priorities for Salem. Through smart investments that support people biking as integrated members of the transportation system, Salem may realize significant safety, environmental, quality of life, economic, and health benefits for its residents and visitors. This Plan represents a significant first step toward this vision, but significant work remains. The Plan should be treated as a living document where achievements are measured and celebrated, and updates are made according to changing conditions. Through collaboration and patience, the City of Salem is on the path to realizing its potential as one of the most bikeable cities in all of New England.