BRIDGE STREET NECK REVITALIZAION PLAN - JULY 16, 2009Bridge Street Neck
Neighborhood Revitalization Plan
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Prepared for:
City of Salem, MA
Prepared by:
The Cecil Group, Inc.
GLC Development Resources
Peter Smith Associates
July 16, 2009
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Salem Bridge Street Neck Neighborhood Revitalization Plan Executive Summary
The Cecil Group • GLC Development Resources • Peter Smith Associates • Tetra Tech Rizzo
This document summarizes key findings, planning concepts and recommendations
developed for the Bridge Street Neck neighborhood of Salem during a five-month
planning process, carried out from March to August 2009.
The overall purpose of the study is to generate strategies for the revitalization of the
Bridge Street Neck neighborhood, one of the oldest settlements in the City of Salem.
Goals
Key goals of this study are the following:
y Improve the business climate along Bridge Street.
y Identify measures to reduce foreclosures and stabilize the local housing market.
y Recommend physical improvements that will enhance the quality of living and
working in the neighborhood.
Planning Background
Historically, the Bridge Street Neck grew as a gateway district organized along the main
road and bridge that connects Salem to the cities of Beverly and Danvers (Bridge
Street/Route 1A). Land use along the road has traditionally been focused on retail and
commercial services that cater to residents of Salem and the surrounding communities,
and depend on automobile access. Single- and two-family homes are clustered behind
commercial properties on both sides of Bridge Street, extending throughout the neck
and all the way to the water (represented in Figure 1).
A new bridge and bypass road were built in recent years to replace the old bridge and
divert through-traffic from the neighborhood. The resulting decrease in heavy traffic,
which used to include trucks and large vehicles, has contributed to substantially reduce
congestion, noise and pollution in the neighborhood. However, lesser traffic has also
affected the local businesses by reducing their visibility and marketing share within the
region, which is reflected in a reduced volume of sales.
The residential areas in the neighborhood, traditionally an enclave of workforce and
moderate income households, have been impacted by the recent economic downturn
and foreclosures together with the rest of the City.
The Bridge Street Neck Neighborhood Revitalization Plan is aimed at providing
recommendations and strategies to shape the future of the community during the next
five to ten years.
This study has been funded through a grant from the Massachusetts
Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) as part of
its Gateway Plus Action Grant program, aimed at improving housing
conditions, quality of life, and community engagement with the assistance
of local municipalities. It has been prepared for the City of Salem’s
Department of Planning and Community Development with support
provided by a team of professional planners and specialists in economics
and housing.
Contents Of this Summary
Goals
Planning Background
Planning Area
Planning Process
Existing Conditions Summary
Recommended Strategies
Action Plan
The Cecil Group GLC Development Resources Peter Smith Associates Tetra Tech Rizzo
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - DRAFT
FIGURE 1
Bridge Street Neck Neighborhood Revitalization Plan
FIGURE 1: PLANNING AREA
BRIDGE STREETMARCH STREET
EAST COLLINS STREETOSGOOD STREET
WEBB STREET
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NS STREETPEARL STREET
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HOWARD STREETBARTON STREET CONNERS ROADPLEASANT STREETHUBON STREET
FERRY STREET
´0 1,000 2,000500
Feet
Legend
Parcels
Focus Area
Planning Area
Bridge Street Neck Area, Salem, MA
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Planning Area
The planning area comprises the entire Bridge Street Neck north of Webb Street. South
of Webb Street, the study area includes the properties with direct frontage on Bridge
Street and all the properties that are located between Bridge Street, the water and the
Salem MBTA station to the west (shown in Figure 1).
The existing commercial properties along Bridge Street represent a special area of focus
for the economic analysis and revitalization strategies. Figure 1 also shows the location
and boundaries of this Focus Area with a separate outline.
Planning Process
The planning process incorporated extensive community participation. A Civic
Engagement Program was prepared early on during the process to orchestrate a series
of meetings, stakeholder interviews and information outreach. The planning team
worked in conjunction with the Bridge Street Neck Working Group, a group of
neighborhood members representing local business and residents selected by the City
to steer the direction of the planning process. Five meetings and working sessions, and
a neighborhood walk were held with the Working Group.
Three public meetings were held with the community, including a planning charrette to
generate ideas and share concepts for a variety of housing, commercial and
neighborhood improvements. These meetings attracted more than 100 participants, and
served to provide direct community input into the plan recommendations.
Existing Conditions Summary
The original Gateway Cities Grant outline of tasks and services associated with this
planning study was based on an overarching goal to stabilize and revitalize the mixed
use Bridge Street neighborhood, and three specific objectives:
y Act to support neighborhood development and village style housing
y Support and enhance commercial retention and development opportunities
y Maintain and improve the area’s pedestrian environment
In order to maintain consistency with these objectives, the assessment of existing
conditions and the plan recommendations have been organized to reflect three
corresponding main areas of focus: housing, commercial revitalization and physical
planning.
Housing Assessment
The City of Salem has approximately 19,000 total residences, of which 6% or about
1,200 units are located in the Bridge Street Neck neighborhood. The homes in the
Bridge Street Neck are characterized by small single-family and two-family detached
homes.
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A profile of the market rents in Salem was reviewed
for analysis. For three important rental properties in
the market, rents are approximately $1,000-$1,400 for a
one bedroom and $1,600 for a two bedroom unit on
the higher end of the rent market. Anecdotal evidence
gathered through interviews with individuals in the
planning area suggest that one and two bedroom units
in multi-family residences in the Bridge Street Neck
neighborhood are currently renting in the $800-$900
per month range.
Housing values in Salem are clustered between
$250,000 and $400,000. For the Bridge Street Neck,
median prices for a single-family home in 2009 have
been $261,000 and $231,000 for a condominium. The
neighborhood has a relatively large percentage of
owner occupied homes in the $200,000 to $250,000
range: 32% versus 15% in the entire city.
The Bridge Street Neck neighborhood stands out
because within a well priced city it represents a lower
price option. This neighborhood also has a relatively
good “gateway” housing relationship for the City, with
the rental stock close to the commuter rail station. The
neighborhood is well positioned to pick up new
residents who like Salem, but would prefer a well
priced home instead of a rental unit.
Foreclosure Assessment
From January 1, 2007 to March 15, 2009 in the Bridge Street Neck neighborhood there
were 20 properties in various stages of foreclosure, as reported by the Warren Group.
Of these foreclosures, 15 were initial petitions to foreclose and 4 were foreclosure
auctions. The foreclosed properties in the Bridge Street Neck neighborhood are almost
all owner occupied.
One important common observation can be made: many of the foreclosed properties
were acquired between 2005 and 2007. The year 2005 was the peak time for real estate
values in Salem and many other communities. Buyers who bought recently have
witnessed a significant decline in the values of their homes. In contrast, those who have
owned their homes since the year 2000 are still ahead in terms of home appreciation.
The Salem Department of Planning and Community Development offers a number of
programs that can assist residents dealing with foreclosure and also help the
neighborhood with renovation programs, first time homebuyer assistance and other
forms of support.
Salem has been proactive in dealing with foreclosures. The Mayor has appointed a
property team that makes sure buildings are boarded up, neighbors are notified and
other actions are taken to provide some stability. The City provides counseling services
through North Shore Community Action Program and other organizations. Salem has a
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very useful website listing numerous sources for foreclosure prevention and legal
resources.
Commercial Assessment
In August 2008, a new bridge and bypass road opened in order to alleviate the
bottleneck traffic on Bridge Street. This bypass connects Route 1A in Beverly directly
to downtown Salem along the western coast of the Bridge Street Neck neighborhood,
with limited access road entries located only at either end. The highway signage that was
installed at the entrances to the bypass road gives no indication that Bridge Street is an
alternative route to or from downtown Salem. While Bridge Street is still listed on maps
as Route 1A, tourist traffic from the north is likely to take the direct route via the
bypass and commuter traffic will typically opt for this faster route as well. From the
tourist and visitor point of view, the Bridge Street Neck commercial area is barely on
the map.
The Bridge Street commercial area has been in a downward transition over the past
year, possibly due to the major changes in traffic in addition to the current economic
downturn. Interviews with business owners indicate that businesses dependent on
through traffic have lost significant sales over the last year. On the other hand,
businesses with a loyal customer base have remained stable over the last year because
their customers no longer need to wait in heavy traffic to get to Bridge Street. These
businesses have expressed concern, however, that new customers are no longer being
drawn to the area.
A review of the properties along Bridge Street was conducted by going building to
building, identifying uses for buildings with retail frontage and using the City’s GIS data
to complete floor area take-offs of the different buildings, assuming a 15% loss ratio
from gross to leasable floor areas.
Using this approach, an estimate of approximately 174,000 gross sf of space dedicated
to ground floor commercial uses was established. The median space was approximately
3,250 gross sf in area.
The following conclusions can be made about the condition of Bridge Street Neck
commercial areas:
y Reduction of traffic has alleviated delays, but
removed a portion of the customer base and
reduced exposure to through traffic.
y There is a mix of retail and residential uses on
Bridge Street.
y The neighborhood residential population is too
small to support existing retail by itself.
y Very few businesses serve as a draw or anchor at
present.
y The character of Bridge Street is influenced by
its immediate surroundings (the positive
presence of water views, the negative visual
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impact of gas storage tanks and electric lines, and the proximity of residential
areas).
y The quality of the appearance of retail buildings has deteriorated in recent
years.
y The streetscape appearance and infrastructure need improvements, and are
awaiting planned reconstruction.
Physical Planning Assessment
The Bridge Street Neck neighborhood is comprised of relatively small parcels, with
Bridge Street serving as a central “spine” that has connecting roads and blocks
extending to the east and west.
Land Use
The dominant land use in the neighborhood is residential, with a substantial proportion
of residential land zoned for two-family houses. There are commercial uses located
along Bridge Street and industrial uses located at the northeast section of the planning
area. The commercial uses include a bakery, restaurants, lodging, automotive services,
and boat sales. The industrial uses include facilities of the regional gas and electric utility
companies (National Grid). The neighborhood also has a church and an elementary
school.
There are three public open space areas: Gonyea Park, Collins Cove Playground, and
Curtis Park/March Street Playground. There are also two unconnected sections of a
bicycle network located within the planning area. Additionally there is a park planned
for the north end of Bridge Street, on the remaining portion of the former bridge
connection to Beverly.
The majority of the parcels in the Bridge Street Neck neighborhood are less than 0.5
acres in area.
Parking and Circulation
The neighborhood has limited parking for
residences and businesses due to its dense
street network and built environment.
Additionally, there are no curbside areas
monitored for short term parking in the
commercial area.
Historic Resources
The neighborhood is rich with historic
resources. There are two National Register
Districts and a building on the National
Register of Historic Places located within the
planning area, and a Local Historic District is
located nearby.
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Pedestrian Routes
Although the neighborhood has a comprehensive network of street sidewalks, the
historical nature of the sidewalks (narrow and close to street level in many locations)
reduces their effectiveness in establishing a safe and friendly pedestrian environment.
The reconstruction of the sidewalks along Bridge Street is planned as part of the Bridge
Street reconstruction project. This project includes landscaping and period lighting that
will enhance the pedestrian environment in the commercial areas.
Zoning
The Bridge Street Neck neighborhood has nine different zoning districts and one
overlay district. This is a significant number of different zoning districts for the size of
the planning area. A comprehensive review of the manner in which the various zoning
districts complement each other and the identified goals of the neighborhood should be
conducted. While the existing zoning appears to be reflective of historical uses
associated with the Bridge Street Neck, its specific mix and allotment may not be
appropriate for the future and needs to be reviewed.
Revitalization Vision
A neighborhood vision has emerged throughout the planning process that is aimed at
maintaining the residential character and scale of the neighborhood, and attracting
more business and visitors to its commercial areas. The historical character of the
neighborhood should also be reflected in its well maintained buildings and streets.
Homeownership should be encouraged.
The physical appearance of the commercial areas should be enhanced through building
and signage improvements. The few existing vacant properties should be rehabilitated
in ways that contribute to improve the overall quality of the commercial district.
Neighborhood-scale businesses and restaurants would be desirable, especially at the end
of Bridge Street where a restaurant “cluster” could be developed by enhancing the
existing businesses. Public access and amenities, such as a waterfront walk with access
to the existing small beach and the new park that is being designed for the site of the
old bridge, would contribute to create a local destination for families and visitors alike.
Future residential development should be complemented with the creation of new open
space, bicycle and pedestrian connections through the neighborhood. These could be
designed and constructed in conjunction with the redevelopment of large sites, and
would link Bridge Street to the surrounding residential areas and waterfront. An
ultimate goal for physical improvements would be the creation of an interconnected
network of pedestrian and bicycle paths leading to the water and extending along the
waterfront length. These ideas are illustrated in Figure 2.
Recommended Strategies
The recommended planning strategies have been organized in a manner similar to the
arrangement of the assessment of existing conditions; they are organized to reflect the
three main areas of focus that correspond to the basic plan objectives: housing,
commercial revitalization and physical planning.
The Cecil Group GLC Development Resources Peter Smith Associates Tetra Tech Rizzo
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - DRAFT
FIGURE 2
Bridge Street Neck Neighborhood Revitalization Plan
FIGURE 2: PREFERRED PLAN SCENARIO
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Housing Revitalization
The recommended housing revitalization strategies consist of the following:
y Stabilize the local housing market through a coordinated homeowner
assistance and marketing effort.
y Support a healthy real estate market that has a diverse mix of housing prices,
housing types and low vacancies.
y Support the development of neighborhood-scale new housing.
y Mitigate unsightly housing conditions that impact the overall appearance of the
neighborhood.
The Bridge Street Neck neighborhood offers opportunities and great value to buyers
who are making the commitment to buy a new home. The housing market is
functioning, although at a slower pace than in the recent past: sales are taking place,
home prices are down, interest rates are low, and financing is available.
The most cost effective way to spur neighborhood revitalization is to spur the housing
market. Most critically this needs to be done in a multifaceted way as part of
coordinated homeowner assistance and marketing efforts. A basic marketing model
could follow what MassHousing now calls its Buy Cities Program, which is modeled after
the very successful Worcester program called “Buy Worcester NOW—Take a closer
Look—There has never been a Better Time to Purchase a Home in Worcester”.
The fundamentals that are already in place for housing revitalization include amenity
values, market values and available financing.
Commercial Revitalization
The recommended commercial revitalization strategies are the following:
y Promote the improvement and commercial redevelopment of sites with
location advantages such as visibility, size and proximity to the water.
y Enhance the attractiveness and success of the waterfront area through new
investment and reinvestment in a cluster of restaurants and destination uses.
y Improve the appearance of existing business properties.
y Attract new small businesses and reinvestment in existing businesses.
y Provide adequate and convenient parking for commercial uses.
y Enhance amenities to attract visitors to the Bridge Street Neck area.
y Enhance commercial identity and wayfinding signage.
y Promote and facilitate neighborhood business stewardship.
y Work with businesses that could benefit from moving from less compatible to
more compatible sites, either within the neighborhood or to other areas of
Salem.
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For the Bridge Street commercial district to
thrive again, it needs to give potential customers
a better reason to come to Bridge Street, create
a more visible and identifiable character
capitalizing on its proximity to the water and
downtown Salem, and tie together the retail and
residential uses in a way that will help younger
people see this neighborhood as an attractive
residential option.
The City and local stakeholders are limited in
their ability to bring about desirable changes in
the retail mix and offerings that characterize the
neighborhood commercial areas. But they can restrict to some extent undesirable uses,
remove restrictions that currently impede desirable development, improve the
environment through improvements to infrastructure, and support desired
development.
One opportunity for improvement in the shorter-term is signage, including better
business signs and pedestrian directional signage. In addition to the existing highway
signs directing access to the Bridge Neck waterfront businesses, a controlled wayfinding
signage program would help to improve the image of the commercial area while
orienting visitors.
Neighborhood Improvements
The recommended neighborhood improvement strategies consist of the following:
y Expand streetscape improvements along side streets, once the Bridge Street
improvements are completed.
y Expand and improve open space connections and amenities.
y Extend pedestrian and bicycle access.
y Promote neighborhood stewardship.
y Support new development and renovations at key locations which could
change because of their size, location, potential value and relationship to the
surrounding neighborhood.
Future infrastructure projects could include extending the Bridge Street renovation and
reconstruction to key side streets, in order to extend vehicular and pedestrian
improvements throughout the neighborhood. Increasing the Bridge Street Neck
connection to the waterfront through public access, open space connections, bike paths
and preservation of views can significantly enhance real estate values, civic life and
commercial activities in the neighborhood.
Potential Redevelopment Sites
There are a couple of large properties on Bridge Street which could be reused in ways
that would benefit both the owner and the neighborhood. There are also some smaller
properties that contain vacant, run-down buildings which detract from the overall
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image and quality of living in the neighborhood. Conceptual development feasibility
tests were conducted for these parcels, which indicate that the redevelopment of these
properties would not make economic sense in today’s economic climate but
conceivably could be feasible in the future. Potential reuse concepts could include an
enhanced motel, a neighborhood-scale destination business, and a moderate-scale
residential development.
Action Plan
The implementation of the proposed revitalization vision and strategies will require a
multipronged effort including efforts and participation from all interested parties.
A detailed action plan is included in the plan document, which lists existing programs
and available tools for implementation, as well as initial steps. The following is a list of
the key programs and mechanisms recommended:
y Assistance programs to homeowners facing risk of foreclosure.
y Business loans, façade and storefront improvement programs.
y Local neighborhood business and resident associations.
y Shared marketing and promotion initiatives.
y Technical and feasibility studies to initiate improvement projects.
y Zoning changes to support mixed use development and neighborhood
businesses.
y Zoning mechanisms to allow for the redevelopment of large properties.
y Relocation tools to assist businesses interested in moving to a more
advantageous location.
y Design guidelines aimed at maintaining the historical character, and improving
the overall design and image quality of the district.
THE CECIL GROUP, INC.
GLC DEVELOPMENT RESOURCES
PETER SMITH ASSOCIATES