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40 Summer St inventory formMonday, February 22, 2016 at 2:23: PM   Inventory No:SAL.1136    Historic Name:Eden, Capt. Thomas House Common Name:Garden of Eden Address:40 Summer St City/Town:Salem Village/Neighborhood:Central Salem Local No:25 -557 Year Constructed:c 1762 Architect(s):McIntire, Samuel Architectural Style(s):Georgian Use(s):Single Family Dwelling House Significance:Architecture Area(s):SAL.HJ: Chestnut Street Historic District SAL.HU: McIntire Historic District Designation(s):Local Historic District (3/3/1981); Nat'l Register District (8/28/1973) Building Materials(s): Roof: Slate Wall: Wood Clapboard; Wood; Wood Flushboard Foundation: Granite; Stone, Cut; Brick   The Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) has converted this paper record to digital format as part of ongoing projects to scan records of the Inventory of Historic Assets of the Commonwealth and National Register of Historic Places nominations for Massachusetts. Efforts are ongoing and not all inventory or National Register records related to this resource may be available in digital format at this time. The MACRIS database and scanned files are highly dynamic; new information is added daily and both database records and related scanned files may be updated as new information is incorporated into MHC files. Users should note that there may be a considerable lag time between the receipt of new or updated records by MHC and the appearance of related information in MACRIS. Users should also note that not all source materials for the MACRIS database are made available as scanned images. Users may consult the records, files and maps available in MHC's public research area at its offices at the State Archives Building, 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, open M-F, 9-5. Users of this digital material acknowledge that they have read and understood the MACRIS Information and Disclaimer (http://mhc-macris.net/macrisdisclaimer.htm) Data available via the MACRIS web interface, and associated scanned files are for information purposes only. THE ACT OF CHECKING THIS DATABASE AND ASSOCIATED SCANNED FILES DOES NOT SUBSTITUTE FOR COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LOCAL, STATE OR FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS. IF YOU ARE REPRESENTING A DEVELOPER AND/OR A PROPOSED PROJECT THAT WILL REQUIRE A PERMIT, LICENSE OR FUNDING FROM ANY STATE OR FEDERAL AGENCY YOU MUST SUBMIT A PROJECT NOTIFICATION FORM TO MHC FOR MHC'S REVIEW AND COMMENT. You can obtain a copy of a PNF through the MHC web site (www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc) under the subject heading "MHC Forms." Commonwealth of Massachusetts Massachusetts Historical Commission 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc This file was accessed on: Monday, February 22, 2016 at 2:23: PM   Inventory No:SAL.1136    Historic Name:Eden, Capt. Thomas House Common Name:Garden of Eden Address:40 Summer St City/Town:Salem Village/Neighborhood:Central Salem Local No:25 -557 Year Constructed:c 1762 Architect(s):McIntire, Samuel Architectural Style(s):Georgian Use(s):Single Family Dwelling House Significance:Architecture Area(s):SAL.HJ: Chestnut Street Historic DistrictSAL.HU: McIntire Historic DistrictDesignation(s):Local Historic District (3/3/1981); Nat'l Register District (8/28/1973) Building Materials(s): Roof: SlateWall: Wood Clapboard; Wood; Wood FlushboardFoundation: Granite; Stone, Cut; Brick   The Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) has converted this paper record to digital format as part of ongoing projects to scan records of the Inventory of Historic Assets of the Commonwealth and National Register of Historic Places nominations for Massachusetts. Efforts are ongoing and not all inventory or National Register records related to this resource may be available in digital format at this time. The MACRIS database and scanned files are highly dynamic; new information is added daily and both database records and related scanned files may be updated as new information is incorporated into MHC files. Users should note that there may be a considerable lag time between the receipt of new or updated records by MHC and the appearance of related information in MACRIS. Users should also note that not all source materials for the MACRIS database are made available as scanned images. Users may consult the records, files and maps available in MHC's public research area at its offices at the State Archives Building, 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, open M-F, 9-5. Users of this digital material acknowledge that they have read and understood the MACRIS Information and Disclaimer (http://mhc-macris.net/macrisdisclaimer.htm) Data available via the MACRIS web interface, and associated scanned files are for information purposes only. THE ACT OF CHECKING THIS DATABASE AND ASSOCIATED SCANNED FILES DOES NOT SUBSTITUTE FOR COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LOCAL, STATE OR FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS. IF YOU ARE REPRESENTING A DEVELOPER AND/OR A PROPOSED PROJECT THAT WILL REQUIRE A PERMIT, LICENSE OR FUNDING FROM ANY STATE OR FEDERAL AGENCY YOU MUST SUBMIT A PROJECT NOTIFICATION FORM TO MHC FOR MHC'S REVIEW AND COMMENT. You can obtain a copy of a PNF through the MHC web site (www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc) under the subject heading "MHC Forms." Commonwealth of MassachusettsMassachusetts Historical Commission220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc This file was accessed on: NRDIS 8/28/1973; LHD 3/3/1981; MA/HL 4/30/1971 FORM B - BUILDING Assessor's Number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number Massachusetts Historical Commission Massachusetts Archives Building 220 Morrissey Boulevard Boston, Massachusetts 02125 25-557 Salem HU 1136 Town Salem Place (neighborhood or village) Central Salem c Name resent riginal 40 Summer Street Captain Thomas Eden House Residential Construction c. 1762 See Bibliography* orm Federal/Greek Revival set/Builder sr Material: ion Granite and Brick Wall/Trim Clapboard/Wood Roof Slate Outbuildings/Secondary Structures Major Alterations (with dates) Addition to „ S end (date unknown) Condition Moved X no Acreage Good yes Date 6,400 SF Recorded by: Susan Ceccacci and Dianne L. Siergiej Organization: Commonweal Collaborative Setting Set directly on the sidewalk on a major street in a densely-settled, mixed- use neighborhood of 18th through 20th-century buildings. Date: July 1995 EIVED SEP 2 9 m i^yLs.. HIST CQMfti f Sftu-U%> BUILDING FORM 40 Summer Street /ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION X See continuation sheet. Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community. This two-and-a-half-story, seven-bay, gambrel-roofed house has a two-and-a-half-story rear ell. The main section of the house is the northern five bays with the main entrance in the center bay, and a pair of interior chimneys. This section, then, extends southward by an additional two bays, two-and-a-half stories in height. The three-bay, side-entry, gambrel-end, southern elevation of the house is a secondary facade accented by a prominent, enclosed entrance porch. Pedimented dormer windows light the gambrel roof. Window frames are molded and window sash are 6/6. "A two-story rectangular bay window on the north side appears to date from the mid 19th century. There is strong evidence to suggest that this house was built about 1762. An 1806 plan of the property shows that, at that date, the house had its present external plan, with a rear ell and with an extension on the south end. A quick comparison of the 1806 plan with an 1768 description of the division of the house among heirs suggests that the present structure may well be the same. However, it seems that there was originally a single chimney. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE X See continuation sheet. Discuss the history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state history. Include uses of the building and the role(s) the owners/occupants played within the community. The lot upon which this house stands was once part of the 17th century holdings of the Neal family. In 1761, Jonathan Neal (1726-1790) sold a parcel of land to Captain Thomas Eden. Neal described it in the deed as being located at the south easterly corner or rather easterly end of my homestead land." Neal's 1767 house still stands at 12 Broad Street and the present dwelling at 10 Broad Street (Form No. 1132) was built in 1800 by a Neal family member on the site of another early Neal family house. Captain Thomas Eden (1723-1768) is believed to have built this house about 1762. Eden, was born in England, settled in Salem by 1751 when he married Mary West (d. 1789), widow of John Beadle. They had four children. •\ Before building this house, he is said to have lived farther up Summer Street, opposite the Broad Street Cemetery. About the time he built the new house, he began a career as shipowner and merchant. By 1768, the year of Eden's early death at the age of 44, the homestead consisted of a dwelling house, warehouse, garden and land. The warehouse and' store (apparently in a single building), mentioned in probate records, had obviously been built in relation to his business as a merchant. An 1806 plan of the house and grounds shows that the warehouse fronted on Broad Street, west of the house. The garden was at the rear. Eden's estate at the time of this death included his homestead, two schooners, the "Three Sisters" and the "Nancy", and other belongings. The total value of the estate was over 1140 pounds. BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES X See continuation sheet. Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places; If checked, see attached National Register Criteria Statement form. INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Salem 40 Summer Street Area HU Form No. 1136 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Although its structure may be the same, exterior changes have clearly been made. If the house was built in 1762, it clearly underwent a remodelling during the Federal period. Although the two-bay section on the south end may be original to the house, serving as a shop in the 18th century, its southern elevation was modified probably in the late 1830's, when the Greek Revival style was just becoming popular. More documentary study and physical investigation are necessary before drawing firm conclusions about dates of construction and alteration. Features on the northern section that are consonant with the Federal style include close eaves and gable returns on the north gambrel end, and delicate modillions in the eaves. Of particular note is an extremely fine Federal style pilaster/architrave/cornice door frame at the entrance, with a semi-elliptical fanlight and traceried sidelights around the recessed door. Attributed by architectural historian Fiske Kimball to Samuel Mclntire or his son, Samuel Field Mclntire, it has reeded pilasters, low-relief swags, and oval, floweret medallions in the architrave, and is capped with a slim cornice. Details seen on the southern section added in the late Federal/early Greek Revival period are projecting eaves and gable returns, matchboard siding on the south facade, and an enclosed entry porch with a pilaster/architrave/cornice door frame. The weightiness and heftiness of proportions of the door frame suggest a transitional Federal/Greek Revival date. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE (continued) Through either inheritance and purchase, the property remained in the hands of either family members or family relations for several generations. The house was often divided in ownership among several family members. The last owner bearing the name Eden was Captain George Eden (1777-1803), grandson of Captain Thomas Eden. George Eden also died at a young age while on a voyage to the West Indies. The Federal style remodelling of the house may date from George Eden's ownership. The next principal owner was Captain Edward Smith, Jr. (d. 1833), the husband of Captain Thomas Eden's daughter, Sally (Sarah). In 1833, the property passed to Benjamin Cox, Jr. (d. 1863), a Salem merchant (see Form No. 1124), who had married Smith's daughter, Sarah, in 1803. Unlike other family-member owners, Cox did not live in the house. It is likely that the remodelling of the south facade was accomplished during Cox's ownership. The last identified family owner was Mrs. Charlotte C. Browne, who sold the property in 1923 to Thomas Sanders of Salem. More extensive information about the house and its owners can be found in a Historic Salem, Inc. research report by Robert Booth. c SfU W7?\e INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Salem 40 Summer Street Area HU Form No. 1136 BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES *Booth, Robert, Research Report 40 Summer Street, August 27, 1977, Historic Salem Inc., Salem, Massachusetts. Beers, D. G. & Company, Atlas of Essex County, Massachusetts, 1872. Hopkins, G. M. & Co., Atlas of Salem, Massachusetts, 1874. Mclntyre, Henry C. E., Map of the Citv of Salem, Mass, 1851. Richards, L. J., Atlas of the Citv of" Salem, Massachusetts...., 1897. Walker Lithograph and Publishing Company, Atlas of the City of Salem, Massachusetts, 1911. BSION oston 5wh Street_ Name ith the side) '$1 d/J^Origirial Use pfrT^K^ : Present Use Present Owner m/City Date_ Source of Date Architect Style_ eteriorated Moved Altered IMPORTANCE of site to area: Great Little None SITE endangered by_ 4. DESCRIPTION Material: Brick Stone Other ATTACHMENTS: Wings Ell Shed Dependency PORCHES: 1 2 3 4 Portico Balcony Simple/Complex Recessed ROOF: Ridge Gambrel Flat Hip Mansard Tower Cupola Dormer windows Balustrade Grillwork FACADE: Gable End: Front/Side Symmetrical/Asymmetrical Simple/Complex Ornament Entrance: Front/Side Centered Double Features: Windows: Spacing: Regular/irregular Identical/Varied / Corners: Plain Pilasters Quoins Obscured OUTBUILDINGS LANDSCAPING 5. indicate location of structure on map below 6. Footage of structure from street Property has Recorder^ For feet frontage on street ) FOUNDATION/BASEMENT: High Regular Low WALL COVER: /WOQJL^ Q JL STORIES: 1 2 3 4 CHIMNEYS: 1 2 3 4 Center End Cluster Elaborate Irregular { NOV 1967 NOTE: Recorder should obtain written permission from Commission or sponsoring organi- zation before using this form. (See Reverse Side) FORM - MHCB - 1 0M-6-66-94301 7 C FOR USE WITH IMPORTANT STRUCTURES (Indicate any interior features of note) Fireplace Stairway Other GIVE A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF HISTORIC IMPORTANCE OF SITE (Refer and elaborate on theme circled on front of form) #4) 3uaaer Strewt. RATISQt OSK. PEfUOBi PRE-FEDERAL. This large tfX>.1on, g water* I roof h>u«« i« typical *£ the mitWighte^nth aentury, when it v«s built by Thota*.* t4*« • rtl'lfWii i flak* Kiaball •a-jg*«t» in hi« book CM Mclntire that th# front «ntr»ncc with its sv.-,^ ^•diellion* r««d«d pilestarti v*» s<5Ae4 l«t«r by either Beatt*l Mclntire or hl» »on„ Chamberlain tell* the story of the tradition th»t vhen th* house lialshed th« s«*t»ily vent to the root and christened it *Ths a^rden of Eden" with * bottle of ch*»oa*jn*. BIBLIOGRAPHY Original Owner: Deed Information: Book Number Page J Registry of Deeds