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SALEM COMMON HISTORICAL DISTRICT-NR Y SALEM COMMON HISTORIC DISTRICT i J i I l ✓.p A a a Q JS�TTS * 't J' 'x O � � n * `yp `1lMISSI �eR '4on Wealth to r c�GC�� otn�rro�z w,� list<<ic� - ��►�u�r.�aw� , �� ,. r cfa�errr, �� ci,�rsetta� Y � was accepted on C= 2 ,2002 for inclusion in the . Y j National Register of Historic Places The National Register is the nation's official list of buildings, districts, sites, structures, and objects which retain their historical "+ character and are important to our local, state, or national history. The National Register was established under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 d is administered in the Commonwealth by the Massachusetts Historical Commission. i William Francis Galvi Cara H. Metz Secretary of the Commonwealth Executive Director,Massachusetts Historical Commission Chairman,Massachusetts Historical Commission tit MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION `_ }` A Division of the Secretary of the Commonwealth ro r s The Commonwealth of Massachusetts &ALGM William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth PL/\.Iti1NINIIG CEP Massachusetts Historical Commission July 21, 2002 Ms. Jane Guy Preservation Planner Salem CLG Coordinator One Salem Green Salem,MA 01970 Dear Ms. Guy: The Massachusetts Historical Commission is pleased to inform you that the Salem Common Historic District Boundary Extension, Salem,Massachusetts has been accepted by the National Park Service, Department of the Interior, for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. A certificate listing this district in the National Register of Historic Places is enclosed. For your information, an explanation of the National Register of Historic Places is enclosed. If you have any questions or wish further information, please do not hesitate to contact the Massachusetts Historical Commission. We share with you a sense of pride that the Salem Common district boundary extension has been recognized and listed. Sincerely, William Francis Gal n Secretary of the Co monwealth Chairman,Massachusetts Historical Commission r— ow# Cara H. Metz Executive Director Massachusetts Historical Commission Cc Lance Kasparian, Salem Historic Commission Mayor Stanley Usovicz,Jr.,City of Salem Lisa Mausolf,consultant Enclosures 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (617) 727-8470•Fax: (617) 727-5128 www.state.ma.us/sec/mhc a ._J .,.. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. , William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth Massachusetts Historical Commission May 17, 2002 ` Ms. Carol Shull National Register of Historic Places Department of the Interior National Park Service Mail Stop 2280, Suite 400 1849 C Street,NW Washington, DC 20240 Dear Ms. Shull: Enclosed please find the following nomination form: Salem Common Historic District Boundary Extension, Salem(Essex), MA The nomination has been voted eligible by the State Review Board and has been signed by the State Historic Preservation Officer. The owners of the properties included in this Certified Local Government community district were notified of pending State Review Board consideration 60 to - 90 days before the meeting and were afforded the opportunity to comment. Sincerely, C Betsy Frierg National Register Director Massachusetts Historical Commission enclosure cc: Lance Kasparian, Salem Historical Commission Lisa Mausolf, Preservation Consultant Hon. Stanley Usovicz,Jr., Mayor, City of Salem Jane Guy,-Salein-CLG-Goordinator;_Dept. of Planning and Community Development 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (617) 727-8470• Fax: (617) 727-5128 www.state.ma.us/sec/mhc NikS Fovn'10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) . M. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form(National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking"x'in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If any item does not apply to the property being documented,enter"NIN'for"not applicable." For functions, architectural classification,materials, and areas of significance,enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets(NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter,word processor,or computer,to complete all items. 1- Name of Prolprty historic name Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) other names/site number 9- Location street& number_ 3-25 Pleasant Street _not for publication city or town Salem _vicinity state Massachusetts code MA county Essex code 009 zip code 01970 As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986,as amended, I hereby certify that this G?'nomination 0 request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion,the property Ermeets O does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant 0 nationally 0 statewide glooc�ally. (0 See continuation sheet for additional comments.) S(N✓`'d✓1 �1tia.�y !7� X00 P.- Signature of certifying officiaVTitle Brona Simon,Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer Date Massachusetts Historical Commission State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion,the property 0 meets 0 does not meet the National Register criteria.(0 See continuation sheet for additional Comments.) Signature of certifying officialfritle Date State or Federal agency and bureau 4__National Park Service Certification I, hereby certify that this property is: Signature of the Keeper Date of Action 0 entered in the National Register 0 See continuation sheet. ❑determined eligible for the National Register 0 See continuation sheet. 0 determined not eligible for the National Register 0 removed from the National Register 0 other(explain): '82lem'Common HD Boundary Increase Essex MA Name of Property County and State 5. Classifiration Ownership of Property Number of Resources within Property (Check as many boxes as apply) (Check only one box) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) _tprivate _building(s) Contributing Noncontributing _public-local xdistrict _public-State _site 15 1 building _public-Federal _structure sites _object structures objects 15 1 Total Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously listed (Enter"NIX if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) in the National Register n/a 266 original Salem Common HD 6. Funrtinn or Use Historic Functions Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) (Enter categories from instructions) DOMESTIC single multiple dwelling DOMESTIC single multiple dwelling COMMERCE/TRADE specialty store COMMERCE/TRADE specially store 7_ Description Architectural Classification Materials (Enter categories from instructions) (Enter categories from instructions) Italianate foundation Mone Greek Revival walls wood Second Empire synthetics roof asphalt other wood Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) Salem Common HD (boundary increase) Fssex, MA Ome of Property County and Stale 8. Statement of SignificanrP Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance (Mark'Y'in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property (Enter categories from instructions) for National Register listing.) ARCHITECTURE X A Property is associated with events that have made COMMUNITY P( ANNING & DFVFI OPM NT a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. _B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. -x C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack Period of Significance individual distinction. 1725-1920 _D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations Significant Dates (Mark'Y'in all the boxes that apply.) N/a Property is: _A owned by religious institution or used for religious purposes. Significant Person _B removed from Its original location. (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) _C a birthplace or grave. Cultural Affiliation _D a cemetery. N/a _E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. _F a commemorative property. Architect/Builder _G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance N/a within the past 50 years. Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) 9. Major Rihlingrap_hiral Referenres (Cite the books,articles,and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data: _ preliminary determination of individual listing (36 x State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested _ Other State agency _ previously listed in the National Register _ Federal agency _ previously determined eligible by the National _ Local government Register _ University _ designated a National Historic Landmark _ Other _ recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Name of repository: _ recorded by Historic American Engineering Record# SslemGommonHD(boundaryincreasel Essex MA 'Mame of Property County,State 1Q- Geographical Data Acreage of Property approx. 5 UTM References See continuation sheet. (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) 1. 19 344710 4709920 3. 19 344700 4709780 Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing 2. 19 344800 4709780 4. Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing _See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared Ry name/title Lisa Mausolf consultant with Betsy Friedberg NR Director MHC organization Massachusetts Historical Commission date _May 2002 street& number 220 Morrissey Boulevard telephone 617-727-8470 city or town Boston state MA zip code 02125 Additional Dncnmentatinn Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets Maps A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. A sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Photographs Representative black and white photographs of the property. Additional items(Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) . Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) name multiple street& number telephone city or town state zip code Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing,to list properties,and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act,as amended(16 U.S.C.470 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions,gathering and maintaining data,and completing and reviewing the form.Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief,Administrative Services Division,National Park Service,P.O. Box 37127,Washington,DC 20013-7127;and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project(1024-0018),Washington,DC 20503. J PIPS Form 1 10.900-� OMB APp-,.l 110.10304018 lese� United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number 7 Page I 7. Description Architectural Classification(continued): Federal Queen Anne Materials(continued): walls: brick roof: siate . The Salem Common Historic District, as extended by this boundary increase, includes 282 properties located in the neighborhood surrounding the Salem Common in the eastern part of the city. A total of 266 contributing properties were included in the district when it was initially listed in 1976. This amendment adds 16(one non-contributing)properties on the north end of Pleasant Street, properties which reflect the original district's period of construction and for the most part,the high architectural quality which predominates in the original district. These well- preserved residential properties are similar in period, style, and scale to those in the original district. Buildings in the existing Salem Common Historic District are largely residential, although other uses are present in small numbers. Within the district there are two churches, a cemetery, a home for the aged,jail, several museums, several commercial concerns including a hotel and funeral home, monuments, and a large park. The district includes several houses dating from the 17" century and the early 18°i century as well as examples of a wide range of architectural styles including the Georgian, Federal, Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Second Empire, Italianate, Queen Anne, and Colonial Revival. Today,the Salem Common Historic District continues to exhibit a strong sense of integrity. Most buildings are in a good state of preservation, retaining important details and character from each period represented. Some of the buildings have been rehabilitated over the past twenty-five years. Others remain largely intact, although some are in need of maintenance. In general, alterations have been minimal,typically limited to replacement of windows, the application of artificial siding,and small side or rear additions. Changes (continued) • a HPS Fam1ta900.a OMB ApP al Na.10140015 Ia�l United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number 7 Page 2 occurring within the district since 1976 include the demolition of the Salem Armory, a fire which seriously damaged the jailer's house on St. Peter's Street and the conversion of the former Phillips and Bentley schools to residential use. With the exception of several buildings near Bridge Street,the properties within the boundary increase area are residential in use. The George Pierson House, 5 Pleasant Street(by 1869, MHC #3148) was converted to commercial use about 1960. The adjacent single-story building at 3 Pleasant Street has served commercial purposes since the early 20th century. The building at 8 Pleasant Street(ca.1820, MHC #3159)was used as a grocery store in the late 19th and early 20th century but is now a residence. The oldest building within the boundary increase area is the John Rhodes House, 10 Pleasant Street(ca.1809, MHC#3158), a typical example of the two-story, five-bay gambrel-roofed dwelling which was a common house form in the neighborhood in the Federal period. The center entry is flanked by sidelights and a transom with an entablatured door surround although the original windows have been replaced by 1/1 sash. An offset gambrel-roofed wing extends to the west. The exact date of the house at 8 Pleasant Street(ca.1820, MHC#3159) is not known although the massing of its narrow gable end appears to date it to the early 19th century. The building was originally part of the Isaac Smith House property at 121 Bridge Street(MHC 93160) but in the late 19th and early 20th century was used as a grocery store. Originally set with its broad side set close to the road, the building was apparently turned to its present location after 1911. Alterations to the building include the construction of two-story bay windows on the narrow gable end and the north elevation, separated by a two-story porch at the northeast corner, supported by Roman Doric columns. The David Lord Double House, 23-25 Pleasant Street(1825-6, MHC#3165) is a well preserved 2%-story dwelling with a five-bay, symmetrically-arranged facade. The house displays flush roof eaves and eave returns in the gable ends. Sheathed in new clapboards,the house has a rear ell. The recessed center entry is Greek Revival in style and displays sidelights, a transom, cornerblock moldings and rounded pilasters supporting an entablature. The openings are notable for retaining the original 6/6 sash with molded surrounds. It is believed that the northern half of this house was moved to this location in 1825 by housewright David Lord, who built the southern half the following year. A much-altered example of the Greek Revival style is the house at 16 Pleasant Street(c 1830, MHC#3156), a 2'/z story dwelling set with its narrow gable end to the street. Formerly centered on a five-bay wide facade, the trabeated entrance is largely obscured by a projecting 20th century (continued) NPS Form I MO . OMB Appmvtl No.10240018 p-ed United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number 7 Page 3 addition. The John Cook House, 14 Pleasant Street(1845, MHC #3157) is a 2'h story dwelling with a recessed sidehall entry and a second entry with a wide,columned portico located on the south side. Most of the Greek Revival-style detailing is concentrated in the main entrance, which displays sidelights,transom lights, incised pilasters and an entablature decorated by guttae. Later alterations to the house include a two-story, bay window at the southeast corner and the 6/1 windows which date to the early 20th century. Within the boundary increase area there are two examples of the Second Empire style. The Abraham Towle House, 15 Pleasant Street(1864-6, MHC#3153) is a small single-story cottage capped by a hip-on-mansard roof which is covered in wood shingles. The building is sheathed in vinyl siding but retains character-defining features including a projecting bay window on the facade and a side porch supported by chamfered posts. The Daniel Henderson Double House, 19-21 Pleasant Street(1869-1872, MHC#3175) is a larger,two-story, 3 x 4-bay dwelling capped by a polychromatic slate-covered mansard roof which incorporates floral designs. The recessed, double-doored entrance is capped by a door hood supported by decorative consoles with pendants and surmounted by a bay window. Most of the 2/2 windows on the vinyl-covered house have been replaced by 1/1 sash. Examples of the Italianate style are the most numerous within the expansion area and include both side-gabled and gable-front house types. The George Pierson House, 5 Pleasant Street(by 1869, MHC #3148) is a two-story, side-gabled dwelling with a distinctive gable wall dormer centered on the three-bay facade. The single-story front porch is supported by chamfered posts and shelters a transommed front door. The projecting eaves are decorated by paired brackets although any other details such as pilasters were probably removed for the application of the wide siding. Other alterations include the insertion of large first floor picture windows. The James Fairfield House, 13 Pleasant Street(1869, MHC #3152) is a 2'/2 story, 3 x 2-bay dwelling which also possesses a number of details characteristic of the Italianate style. Fronted by a low granite stoop, the center entrance is capped by a flat door hood supported by large brackets, above which is a rectangular bay window. Both the bay window and the projecting eaves are decorated by paired brackets. The first floor windows display caps with paired brackets while the second story windows have drip cap moldings. Alterations to the house are minor and include the wood-shingled exterior and the replacement of the original double doors. The William F. Luscomb House, 9 Pleasant Street(1860, MHC #3150) is another 2'/z story, 3 x 2-bay dwelling but unlike the previous two houses, is oriented with its gable end to the street and its hooded entrance centered on the north elevation. A two-story,three-sided bay window decorated by a dentil course, faces the street. The dwelling is now sheathed in vinyl siding and the original (continued) NPS Foam 1 10.9 . OMB APProvtl No.10140016 1e-as) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number � 'Page 4 windows have been replaced by modern 6/6 sash. Within the expansion area there are two examples of gablefront Italianate-style dwellings. The Charles H. Fifield House, 17 Pleasant Street(1878, MHC#3174) is a 2'/1 story dwelling sheathed in aluminum siding, but retains its slate roof. The sidehall entrance on the three-bay facade has a flat door hood decorated by pendants and brackets. Above the entrance is a three-sided bay window. The most distinctive feature on the house is its variety of window lintels which include peaked, shelf, rounded and hooded peak designs. A far more spartan gablefront dwelling is the George Warren Property, 1 1 Pleasant Street(ca. 1874, MHC #3151)which displays a two-bay gablefront with decoration , limited to a flat-roofed door hood supported by brackets with pendants. The Mary J. Pierson House, 7%1 Pleasant Street(1889, MHC#3149) is a well-preserved example of the Queen Anne style. Built on a cross-gable plan,the house combines wood clapboards with bands of decorative shingles between the stories and at the tops of the gables. Other period details including a two-story bay window with a shingled apron, a side porch with turned posts, paired brackets and incised Eastlake-style detailing. Within the expansion area, other houses including 8 Pleasant Street saw the addition of two-story bay windows. The last dwelling to be constructed within the expansion area is the Hardy Chapman Double House, 12 Pleasant Street(1909, MHC#3377). The 2'/z story, wood-shingled double house was apparently built on the site of an earlier dwelling. Projecting from the gablefront is a three-sided bay window,adjacent to a single-story entrance porch, supported by Doric columns. The dual entrances retain their original oval-glassed doors. The non-contributing single-story building at 3 Pleasant Street may very well date to the early 20th century although its present appearance, including the brick veneer, is the result of ca.1960 alterations. Archaeological Description While Ancient Native American resources have not been identified in the Salem Common Historic District(Boundary Increase)area, sites may be present. Twenty-seven recorded sites have been identified in the general area(within one mile). Environmental characteristics of the district indicate the presence of several locational criteria(slope, soil drainage, distance to wetlands)that are favorable indicators for many types of ancient sites. The district currently lies in an area classified as urban land deposits where natural soil characteristics have been obscured by urban development. Overall characteristics of the general locale and historical sources, however, indicate that at least part of the boundary increase area may have been a well-drained (continued) NPS Foam 110.900. OMB APPrvvd Na.10140018 (Forel United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number 7 Page 5 and marshy portion of an outwash plain. Land surfaces are level to moderately sloped in close proximity to wetlands. Collins Cove lies less than 1000 feet east of the nominated area and the North River approximately 1000 feet to the northwest. The North River and Collins Cove are part of a marine related ecosystem that would have provided a variety of floral and faunal resources important to Native Americans. Ancient Native American sites have been identified in the Downtown Salem and Salem Neck locale since early in the 19°i century. For most recorded sites, temporal and cultural affiliations are unknown, although examples from the Late Archaic through Late Woodland periods are represented. Documented site types in the area include lithic scatters, shell middens, burials and single artifact finds. Given the above information, a low to moderate potential exists for locating intact ancient Native American resources within the boundary increase area. While various forms of urban development would have an adverse impact on most resources that may have been present, some resources including burials and buried sites may survive due to their deeper stratigraphic location. A high potential exists for locating historic archaeological resources in the boundary increase area though much of that potential remains to be documented. While the earliest extant building in the boundary increase area is the John Rhodes House(ca. 1809)at 10 Pleasant Street, potential historic archaeological sites in the area may date from the 17°i through 20 centuries. The location of the nominated area between the reported sites of the Old Planter's settlement on the south6m shore of the North River and later focus of 17`"century settlement to the southwest along Washington Street indicate some potential for the recovery of early residences and farmsteads including barns,outbuildings and occupational related features associated with Salem's early settlement. The potential for locating 17'11 century structures in the boundary increase are is supported by the presence of extant 17°i century structures elsewhere in the Salem Common Historic District. Historic site potential increases in the boundary increase area and in the entire district during the 18°i century as Salem grew as a major seaport and residential areas expanded. The location of the boundary increase area and entire district inland from the coast reduces and/or eliminates the potential for many types of sites directly related to fishing, maritime commerce and related trades making residential sites and potential business related activities conducted at homes the primary potential resource types. The extension of Pleasant Street to Bridge Street(1792) late in the period may indicate the potential for recovering agricultural related resources in the boundary increase area relatively late as other downtown areas were already residential. During the 19B'century, residential sites and small businesses continue to characterize potential archaeological sites in the boundary increase and district locale, although few sites from this period have also been identified. Archaeological evidence of outbuildings and occupational related features(trash pits, privies, wells) associated with extant buildings and buildings that survive as archaeological sites represent potentially important (continued) NPS Farm 1 Ma . OMB Appmvd No.14240010 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number 7 Page 6 resource types in the boundary increase and district area. The presence and importance of these features has been documented.at the extant Narbonne House located within the Salem Common Historic District. Numerous outbuildings, occupational related features and over 30 areas of trash deposition were identified in the back yard of that house. (end) . F- NPS Farm 110A s OMB AppravA No.10340013 ("6) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Section number s Page I Salem(Essex County), MA 8. Statement of Significance Consistent with the existing district,the Salem Common Historic District(Boundary Increase) is significant as an integral part of one of the centers of Salem's early development and for retaining classic examples of architectural styles spanning more than two centuries. The period of significance for the district expansion is 1725-1920. The district is significant on the local level and meets Criteria A and C for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. The Salem Common Historic District reflects Salem's rich history including the early fishing days, the development of foreign trade, the Revolutionary War, the opening of commerce with the Orient, the architectural results of Salem's transformation into an industrial and manufacturing community after the middle of the 19th century and includes the homes of noteworthy merchants, statesmen, and literary figures as well as members of the middle class and worker housing. Pleasant Street was extended in 1796 to Bridge Street;the southern portion of the street fronting the Common had existed previously. Many of those who settled in the area had a connection to maritime-related endeavors. Among the mariners who were attracted to the area was John Rhodes, who had the house at 10 Pleasant Street built in 1809, apparently as a rental property with tenants including,sailors and ropemakers. In 1849 the property was purchased by Captain Isaac Needham Chapman, master-mariner. John Cook, a ropemaker, had the house at 14 Pleasant Street built in 1845. A number of men working in the building trades also settled in the neighborhood in the mid 19th century. It is believed that the northern half of the house at 23-25 Pleasant Street was moved to this location in 1825 by housewright David Lord, who built the southern half the following year. William Luscomb,the son of Captain John C. Luscomb and a carpenter by trade, built a house at 9 Pleasant Street in the 1860s. James Fairfield, also a carpenter, built a house at 13 Pleasant Street for his own use in 1869 shortly after Abraham Towle constructed himself a house at 15 Pleasant Street in the mid 1860s, adjacent to his carpenter shop at l Webster Street. The original owner of 5 Pleasant Street, George Pierson, served as the City Postmaster. Directories indicate that Daniel Henderson, the original owner of 19-21 Pleasant Street, was employed as a painter. The house next door at 17 Pleasant Street was built for Charles Fifield in 1878. Fifield was one of the owners of Frothingham& Fifield's, a store on Front Street selling stoves and tinware. (continued) ` NPS For.I MO . OMB A,,rvvA No.1021-0018 (b86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Section number s Page z Salem (Essex County),MA Over the years, a number of small neighborhood stores were established to meet the needs of nearby residents. The building at 8 Pleasant Street housed a grocery store in the late 19th and early 20th century,which was operated in the 1880s by G.L. Hodgkins and from the 1890s to at least 1910 by George Warren, who lived at 1 I Pleasant Street. The store operated under the name of Warren &Carey in the early 20th century. Occupants of the building at 3 Pleasant Street included a bakery from 1900 until the 1930s. The other half of the building was occupied by Warren &Carey's fish market in 1900. O.W. Carey served as proprietor of the fish store in 1910 and by 1920 it is listed as a grocery store. The First National grocery store chain and a baker occupied the building from the late 1920s into the 1950s. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, families with long-time connections to the neighborhood built several new houses. The house at 7% Pleasant Street was constructed in 1889 for Mary J. Pierson,widow of George Pierson who had built the house next door in the late 1860s. The double house at 12 Pleasant Street was constructed for Hardy Chapman in 1909. Hardy Chapman, an upholsterer,was a descendant of Capt. Isaac Chapman who had purchased the house at 10 Pleasant Street in 1849 and which the Chapman family continued to own until 1957. The building at 3 Pleasant Street was first occupied by George and Charles Landry's upholstery shop in 1947. About 1960,the operation expanded to include the dwelling next door at 5 Pleasant Street. The building at 3 Pleasant Street was probably given a new brick veneer at that time. In the 1980s,the store was expanded to include rugs and furniture, in addition to upholstery, and is still in operation today under the name of Landry&Arcari. Archaeological Significance Although several ancient Native American sites have been recorded in the Salem area, few sites have been systematically studied making inter and intra site comparisons difficult to make. As a result, much of our knowledge of the area's ancient Native American history focuses on the environmental characteristics of sites and information from other locales often with little actual cultural information. Any ancient sites that survive in the boundary increase area may contribute substantive information that contribute to research topics including the subsistence and settlement of the coastal region of southern Essex County and the effects of sea level rise on those activities. Recent professional studies of ancient Native American sites in the Salem Neck (continued) NPS Form 1 10.900.. OMB Approval No.10240018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Section number_ Page g Salem (Essex County),NIA area indicate several of the known sites in this locale are significant and have been listed on the National Register as part of the Salem Neck/Winter Island Archaeological District. Historic archaeological resources described above have the potential to document a wide range of poorly documented activities associated with Salem's settlement and economic growth in the 17"', 18"' and 19"'centuries. Additional documentary research and environmental reconstruction combined with archaeological survey and testing may locate additional examples of Salem's 17"' century settlement in the boundary increase and overall Salem Common Historic District area. Extant structures dating from this period are known to exist in that portion of the Salem Common District previously listed, however, much of our knowledge about the activities at those properties dates to later periods of the structures occupancy. Archaeological features associated with 17"'century settlement at archaeological sites and extant structures are rare and when present often yield limited cultural remains compared to later periods. Any information that can be gained relating to the district/town's early settlement period would be highly significant. Structural evidence of residences, barns and outbuildings may help identify the point that subsistence agriculture ceased to characterize the economy of the early settlement in Salem and its replacement during later 18'h and 19"' century periods. Structural evidence from barns and outbuildings can also identify the range of activities needed to support a predominantly residential home. Archaeological research at the Narbonne House, within the previously listed Salem Common District, has demonstrated a range of domestic activities important in the maintenance of that household. Detailed analysis of the contents from occupational related features may also contribute important information relating to the social, cultural and economic activities that occurred in extant structures and at archaeological sites throughout the district's period of settlement. The analysis of contents from privies, sometimes later used as trash deposits may contain information that documents the local influence of Salem's participation in regional and international trades and later transformation into an industrial and manufacturing community after the middle of the 19"'century. Archaeological information obtained from occupational related features may also contribute evidence that some maritime related activities believed to be conducted at more waterfront locales were also conducted in residential areas. Many home based manufacturing activities may have originally supplemented agricultural incomes or other maritime based incomes such as fishing or coastwise commerce. Documentary sources combined with the analysis of occupational related features may also contribute important information indicating how life in Salem differed for many different members of the community. Historical evidence exists that the Salem Common Historic District included the (continued) NPS Form 110- . OMB Approval No.10140019 (9 9c1 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Section number s Page q Salem (Essex County),MA homes of noteworthy merchants, statesmen and literary figures as well as members of the middle and working class. Archaeological evidence may exist that detail the lifestyles of these socio- economic groups and their relative prosperity as a result of Salem's local, regional and international importance through time. (end) NPS Form1 W& . OMB Appnvol No.1034-0013 (&36) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number 9 Page I Bibliography City of Salem, Building Permits, 1871-1889. [Salem City Hall]. City of Salem, Street Books, 1845-1912, incomplete. [Salem City Hall]. City of Salem, Valuation Records, 1896, 1900, 1905, 1910. [Salem Public Library]. Historic Salem, Inc. House Reports on various properties in Salem. Massachusetts Historical Commission. Historic Resources Inventory: Salem. National Register nomination for Salem Common Historic District. Salem City Directories, 1837-1970. Maps Hopkins, G.M. Atlas of Salem. Massachusetts. Philadelphia: 1874. McIntyre, Henry C.E. Map of the City of Salem. Philadelphia: 1851. Richards, L.J. Atlas of the City of Salem, Massachusetts. 1897. Sanborn Insurance Maps, 1957. Walker Lithograph and Publishing Company. Atlas of the City of Salem. Massachusetts. Boston, Mass.: 1911. (end) NM Form 110"9 o OMBA (&06) pprovel Na.1014001! United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register- of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Salem Common Historic District (Boundary Increase) Salem (Essex County),MA Section number_ Page_ Verbal Boundary Description The boundaries of the Salem Common Historic District Boundary Increase are delineated with a bold line of the attached map(City of Salem Map#36). Boundary Justification Revised boundaries for the Salem Common Historic District were selected to include a concentration of residential dwellings on Pleasant Street, contiguous to the existing district, which were felt to be consistent with the original district's period of construction, architectural quality and developmental history. The contiguous properties to the east, north, and west of the Pleasant Street properties have been included in the Bridge Street Neck Historic District (pending, 2002), while the properties to the south are located within the bounds of the original Salem Common Historic District. (end) PHOTOGRAPHS Photographer: Lisa Mausolf, June 2001 Negatives: at City of Salem offices 1. 1-9 Pleasant Street, looking N 2. 9-15 Pleasant Street, looking N from Webster Street 3. 13-21 Pleasant Street, looking S 4. 17-21 Pleasant Street, looking SE from Webster Street 5. 14-8 Pleasant Street, looking S 6. 16-8 Pleasant Street, looking NW from Webster Street .,am.avaoa ...�.._, c --.��{�13�'�",{ :: ,- r.._ ^s t- - v- - wurw�.•>s�amw `n States Department of the Interior . ? National Park Service ' `" '�' National Register of Historic Places - Salem Common Historic District Continuation Sheet (Boundary Increase) Salem(Essex County),MA Section number Page 69 w jr H �4Z7 00 n 6 hp`tti s 1� , t�� y p 6 ♦ � a !r40 v a`a 10 k� .Y6-A �► aye yt" 1�. F 01 .� _ `�. • i•'` 440 �• W t3 k6� \ t' k � f J SO �aL 4 U AR �X� h f' O 106 \ ` 41, \�� / /'`*0 % 1 r SALEM COMMON NATIONAL REGISTER DISTRICT(BOUNDARY INCREASE) SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS Map Assessor's# MHC Historic Name Address Date of Style Resource Status # Lot/Parcel# # Construct. Type 1 36-432 Commercial building 3 Pleasant St. cI900/c1960 alt. B NC 2 36-432 3148 George H. Pierson House 5 Pleasant St. by 1869 Italianate B C 3 36-433 3149 Mary J.Pierson House 7 1/2 Pleasant St. 1889 Queen Anne B C 4 36-443 3159 House 8 Pleasant St. c1820/ Federal/Queen Anne B C early 20th c. alt. 5 36-434 3150 William F. Luscomb 9 Pleasant St. 1860 Italianate B C House 6 36-442 3158 John Rhodes House 10 Pleasant St. c1809 Federal B C 7 36-435 3151 Georoe Warren Property 11 Pleasant St. 6874 Italianate B C 8 36-441 3377 Hardy Chapman Double 12 Pleasant St. 1909 Col. Revival B C House 9 36.436 3152 James Fairfield House 13 Pleasant St. 1869 Italianate B C 10 36-440 3157 John Cook House 14 Pleasant St. 1845 Greek Revival B C 11 36-437 3153 Abraham Towle House 15 Pleasant St. 1864-1866 Second Empire B C 12 36-439 3156 House 16 Pleasant St. 0830 Greek Revival B C 13 36-468 3174 Charles H. Fifield House 17 Pleasant St. 1878 Italianate B C 14 36-469 3175 Daniel Henderson Double 19-21 Pleasant St. 1869-1872 Second Empire B C House 15 36458 3165 David Lord Double House 23-25 Pleasant St. 1825-6 Federal/Greek Revival B C 16 36-458 Garage 23-25 Pleasant c1920 B C Street . - , �1 - �I iYil i'Jli/�Jlj/11J1�1i1 +fft IIiti' •,llt!i � .II II I III li 111111I1i1� � �� 1 11 11 tl ]� r�r t i A �' y1 �fl��RA�AR•iCx'i3:U®GMtl9a9 tlG as � z„ x'� ir[aanr ax4sHg9AAR4A983a�s39 aoaa"a uxa aa .. �� 8 aea�asasaaeA8�9Q a.` +'<+t1t1i1pi4i118111 $l11a�g11fy1989�1810888 8811 ��l81 s Evil FF ovgrk la �' l t a - f \ , ) ! t mill c . ' k u. M1s s f ,1+ W f r 11111111��1 >n,14111111111111114M if taq,rFYt494!#ii Reczvrj[D ?Y aATIONAL ?ARK SERVKIF kF.,,-Nq. t0-300 e� 107]6TFR � ��` P F 1c 7 ;F' NITEDSTATES DEPARTMEN OF H I 10 FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES RECEIVEq INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DAT ' NTEREs;•:' SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS NAME HISTORIC Salem Common Historic District AND/OR COMMON Same (LOCATION Oliver, Mall, Williams, Howard, Brown, Brown Street court, Curtis, Essex, Washington Square, Daniels, St. Peter's; Orange, Milk, Winter, STREET&NUMBER Forrester, Boardman, Briggs, Pleasant, Andrews, Webb, Pickman, New Liberty _ Hodges Court, Ives Court NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY.TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Salem _VICINITY OF Sixth ' STATE CODE COUNTY CODE Massachusetts 025 Essex 00 CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENTUSE %DISTRICT _PUBLIC X OCCUPIED AGRICULTURE -22AUSEUM —BUILDINGIS) _PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED COMMERCIAL x_PARK `4 —STRUCTURE %BOTH _WORK IN PROGRESS x_EDUCATIONAL x_PRIVATE RESIDENCE —SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT x_RELIGIOUS —OBJECT _IN PROCESS _YES: RESTRICTED x_GOVERNMENT _SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED x YES:UNRESTRICTED _INDUSTRIAL _TRANSPORTATION —NO X__MIUTARY _OTHER: DOWNER OF PROPERTY NAME Multiple STREET&NUMBER - Salem CITY.TOWN STATE Salem VICINITY OF Massachusetts LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS;ETC. Essex County Registry of-Deeds - - STREET&NUMBER 32 Federal Street CITY,TOWN STATE Salem Massachusetts REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE Inventory of the Historic Assets of the Commonwealth NABS (MASS 281A, 281, 485, 490, 582, 116, 264, 802, 332, 797, 2711 I DATE 1972; 1940, etc. X FEDERAL %STATE _COUNTY _LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR Massachusetts Historical Commission . SURVEYRECORDS Library of Congress CITY.TOWN Boston - STATE Washington, DC Massachusetts 02108 DESCRIPTION c`4:', r CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE X EXCELLENT —DETERIORATED _UNALTERED xpRIGINALSITE X GOOD _RUINS XALTERED _MOVED DATE —FAIR —UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL IIF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Salem Common Historic District is composed of 266 properties located in the eastern part of the city of Salem. . The district includes buildings surrounding the Salem Common and those buildings on the streets radiating out from the Common which reflect the high architectural quality which predominates in the district. To the south of the district is the Derby Waterfront, to the west are commercial and municipal centers of the city, to the north Bridge Street forms a natural boundary, and to the east are more modest residences which extend down to Collins Cove. The district is primarily composed of residences, although other uses include two churches, a library, armory, funeral home, school, home for the aged, jail, museum, and several commercial concerns. Because of the nature of the district, there are few obtrusive commercial signs present and the major intrusions are a parking area, several vacant lots, and traffic signs usually associated with a heavily traveled area. The focal point of the district is the Salem Common, or Washington Square, which is surrounded by handsome Federal houses. The majority of these houses are brick, three- story, hip-roofed structures, which symbolize the wealth and power of Salem's maritime era. OthersimilarFederal houses - both brick and clapboard - extend into the outlying areas of the district, although these buildings for. themost part are not as imposing as the- ones-in -Washington Square. Most of the houses: are. set close-to-the--street- and to each other and have small yards or gardens to the 'rear. Generally, the scale of the district is dictated by the two- and three-story residences, with the greater scale maintained around the Common and slightly smaller houses on the periphery. These other buildings represent the wide variety of styles of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, Queen Anne and Colonial Revival. In addition, there are two seventeenth century buildings and sev- eral from the early eighteenth century. There are only about four buildings constructed between the mid-twentieth century and the present. For the -most part the Salem Common District is in an excellent state of preservation, -retaining-important detail and charac- ter from each period represented. In a city where there is such a large number of his- torically and architecturally significant buildings, the boundaries of this district are drawn to encompass the highestconcentrationof quality architecture in the Salem Common section of the community_ The following represent some of the variety of types of buildings within the Salem Common Historic District: The Narbonne House (#19) is one of the two oldest houses in the district. It is two stories with a steeply pitched roof and is covered with clapboards. The house is three bays wide and has its brick chimney and entrance on one side. The gable end is to the street and there is an ell beyond in the yard and a `lean-to behind the original house. It is currently being restored by the National Park Service. The Daniels House (#255) was built in 1667byshipwright Stephen Daniels, and enlarged in 1756 by Samuel 'Silsbee. The oldest part of the building is the southern half where the original entrance was located.-- The present entrance on Daniels. Street has a repro- duction enclosed pedimented porch. The building is now used as a small guest house and restaurant. According to records at the Essex Institute, the Boardman House (#60) was worked on by 'the McIntire brothers between 1782 and 1789. Although the house has undergone many continued mNo. 1 jt.300a 4-10-741 ON IT ED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 1 #7: alterations over the years, it remains a handsome three-story clapboard house with hip roof. Among the many handsome brick Federal houses surrounding the Common is the Bertram Home for Aged Men (#171)., built in 1818 for John Forrester, the son of a successful Salem merchant. The house is three stories with a hip roof topped with a balustrade. It is five bays wide, and the windows (six-over-six sash) have black shutters and keystone lintels above. George Peabody added the one-story wing on the east side of the house, and to the rear is a two-story, hip-roofed .carriage house with handsome arched windows. A tulip tree in the garden is said to be thetallestand oldest in the country. The -streetscape along Winter Street includes a number of fine Greek Revival houses, in- cluding--the house at 16 Winter Street- (#145-)- This-residence=is an excellent-examI5le._ of the Greek Revival style with its wide entablature and cornice, Greek pilasters, and gable end to the street. The Salem Jail and House of Correction (#251) was originally built between 1811 and 1813. The sturdy granite building was greatly enlarged and remodeled between 1884 and 1885. The new addition lacks the ornamentation customary in the late nineteenth century, suggesting that it was designed to blend with the old. The two octagonal cupolas on the east and west ends of the building are the main decorativefeaturesof the building. -The Gothic Revival Witch Museum (#218) provides an interesting contrast to the pri- marily Federal structures on Washington Square. Originally built for the East Church in X1846, it was designed bynotedNew York architect Minard Lafever (according to Essex Institute records) . The building was partially destroyed by fire in the 1960's, but its facade was restored and the structure adapted for use as a museum depicting the witch hysteria of the seventeenth century. The building has a brownstone gable facing the street with three entrances having pointed Gothic arches. One of the most handsome Italianate designs in the district is the double house at 2-4 Forrester Street (#50) . The two-story clapboard house stands on a high granite and brick foundation. Its deep eaves are supported by ornate brackets, and all of the window and door openings are heavily decorated, giving a feeling -of plasticity to the facade. The double entrances are deeply recessed into a central pavilion which projects slightly. Also adding interest and variety to the district are several Queen Anne structures, such as the house at 9 Forrester Street (#55) , whose irregular massing and detail contrast with the more planar Federal buildings. SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE-- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW _PREHISTORIC _ARCH EULUGY-PREHISTORIC —COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE _RELIGION _1400-1499 —ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC _CONSERVATION _LAW - _SCIENCE —15DO-1599 —AGRICULTURE _ECONOMICS 2LUTERATURE _SCULPTURE XI 600-1699 2LARCHITECTURE _EDUCATION _MILITARY _SOCIAVHUMANITARIAN 1L1700-1799 —ART _ENGINEERING _MUSIC _THEATER X1800-1899 2LCOMMERCE _EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT _PHILOSOPHY _TRANSPORTATION _1900- _COMMUNICATIONS _INDUSTRY }-POLITICS/GOVERNMENT _OTHER(SPECIFY) - JNVENTION SPECIFIC DATES - BUILDER/ARCHITECT STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Salem Common Historic District is significant as one of the centers of Salem's early development and as an area associated with some of the city's most prominent citizens. The district is also noteworthy because it contains classic examples of architectural styles spanning two centuries. These range from the seventeenth century Narbonne House through the Georgian, Federal, Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Queen Anne and Colonial Revival periods. They reflect the rich history of Salem during the early fishing days, the troubled times of witchcraft, the Revolutionary War, the era of trade with the Orient, and the period of elegant society which included statesmen and literary figures. Salem was founded in 1626 by Roger Conant as the plantation of Naumkeag and established two years later as the first town in the Colony of Massachusetts Bay. From the start her citizens engaged in fishing and shipping, and as early as 1643 trade was being carr- ied on with the West Indies. Gradually the orbit of trade was extended to Europe, primarily to Portugal and Spain. - During this time in the seventeenth century the Salem Common was a marshy area where five ponds drained into nearby Collins Cove. Under such conditions the area was sparse- ly settled. The two oldest houses in the district were owned by people associated with Salem's important industry - the Narbonne House 019) by a family of fishermen and ship joiners, and the Daniels House (#255) by a shipwright. One of Salem's witches, Ann Pudeator, also lived not far away. In 1714 the town voted to keep this area open for use as a training field which became known as the Common. A number of tanneries and ropewalks. sprang up, and while still rural in character, the area also included a char- ity house, gunhouse and school as well as two or three handsome residences. Salem trade with the West Indies continued to thrive until 1763 when Great Britain enacted measures which limited the commercial activities of the American colonies. Ten- Bions arising from the British ban resulted in the tarring and feathering on the Common of two informers who had reported local shipping activities to Crown officers. During the American Revolution Salem gave aid to the Patriots through privateering, and its port was the one American continental port of significance that did not fall into the hands of the British during the course of the war. Following the Revolution Salem merchants made pioneering voyages to the East Indies, China, and the Pacific Coast of North America, thus ushering in the first golden age of American foreign trade. The result was a rapid commercial development which led to a cultural expansion in Salem and left a lasting impression in the form of its architecture. continued "fForm No. 11r300a Nev.=10-741 UNITED STATES DEPART MENT OF THE INTERIOR. FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES II INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM (DATE ENTERED CONTI NUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 1 #8: Among the merchants who prospered through Salem's great trade with the. Orient was Elias Hasket Derby. As land in the Common area became more desirable, Derby sparked a private subscription in 1801 to improve the Common itself. .The land was leveled, walks laid out, rows of Lombardy poplars planted, and the whole enclosed with a fence. Derby's effort was so successful that two years later he was able to raise an additional sum for four gateways by Samuel McIntire. The present iron fence was erected in 1850, but one of the McIntire gateways, with a medallion of Washington, has been preserved in the Essex Institute. The first of the mansions built around the Common by prosperous merchants and sea cap- tains was the Boardman House (#60) , the home of Captain Francis Boardman. After Board- man's death, his daughter and her husband, shipowner Sachariah F. Silsbee, continued to occupy the house. Among the other merchants who resided in the area were Colonel Pickman, at 13 Washington Square East; James Kimball, captain of the Leander, at 14 Pickman Street (#98) ; Nathaniel Griffin, master of the Eliza and Mary and owner of the Neptune, at 1 winter Street 0140) ; and Charles Millet, master of the Typee and initiator of the wool trade with Australia, at 17 Pickman Street. Nathaniel Silsbee, who lived at 94 Washington Square East (#67) , began as a shipmaster for the Derbys and later went into politics. Silsbee was a friend of Daniel Webster, and Webster's son was married in Silsbee's Salem house. Captain James Devereux, whose home was as 74 Was Square East (#49) , sailed his ship Franklin to Japan in 1803 and was the first to trade with that country. Although the embargo on American shipping in 1807 and during the War of 1812 was a severe blow to Salem's economy, the city quickly recovered afterwards with the opening of new channels of trade to Africa, Australia, and South America. Following the discovery of gold in California in 1848, Salem shipowners reaped additional profits from trade around Cape Horn to San Francisco. During the early nineteenth century development of Salem's trade, Judge Joseph Story built and lived in the house at 26 Winter Street (#151) . Elected to the General Court and later as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, Story was appointed to the Supreme Court by President James Madison. At his Salem house Judge Story entertained President Monroe in 1817 and General Lafayette in 1824. - His, son William Wetmore Story was a well-known poet and sculptor. - Another prominent resident of this area was philanthropist George Peabody, son of Cap- tain Joseph Peabody. Between 1834 and 1892 Peabody lived at 29 Washington Square. North (#171) where he often entertained Longfellow, Aggasiz, and General McClellan. The house later was used as headquarters for the Salem Club, an exclusive gentlemen's or- ganization, and now serves as the Bertram Home for Aged Men. continued Form No 1Q-300a (Nev 10-741 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES I INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM (DATE ENTERED CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 2 #8: Nathaniel Hawthorne lived at 12 Mall Street 0176) where he wrote his first successful , - novel The Scarlett Letter. Also in the district is the Essex Institute„ already listed on the National Register. The great increase in size which came in the decade of the clipper ships„ 1850-1860, and the coming of steam, brought Salem's maritime cycle abruptly to a close after the Civil War. Her landlocked harbor was too shallow to accommodate the large new ships, and as a result her commerce was rapidly absorbed by the deep-water ports of Boston and New York. Salem turned from the sea to manufacturing, and through the end of the nineteenth century the areas around the Salem Common were further developed. Today the Salem Common and the neighborhood around it are well-preserved reminders of the city's growth and periods of prosperity. The approximately nine acres of the Common itself were acquired by the Salem Park Department in 1928. The center grandstand was built in 1926, and the statue of Roger Conant was dedicated in 1913. The statue was designed by Henry Kitson for the Conant Family Association to honor Salem's first leader and founder. In addition to its historical significance, the Salem Common Historic EDistrict stands as a record of architectural stylistic development. From the fine work of Samuel Mc- Intire to the intricate Victorian detail crafted by anonymous builders, the structures in the district provide infinite variety. The area nevertheless achieves a certain con- tinuity through its outstanding architectural quality, geographic cohesiveness, scale, and massing. The large concentration of essentially unaltered structures in this district is seldom found elsewhere. #10: an easterly direction to include the property of #84 Washington Square East, returning across #10 and #12 Briggs Street and across the back lot line of #94 Washington Square East to the back lot line of properties on Andrews Street in an easterly direction to Webb Street. At this point run north to include all properties on the west side up to Spring Street and easterly on Spring Street to Pleasant Street to include all the properties on the south side. Go north on Pleasant Street to Parker Court to include properties on the west side of Pleasant and down Parker Court in an easterly direction . toward Bridge Street to include the back lot lines of #1 and #3 Winter Street. On Bridge Street at the corner of Winter Street, go west to include all properties on the south side of Saint Peter's Street. In a southerly direction continue down Saint Peter's Street to include properties on the east side to Brown Street. Go easit on Brown Street to #13 (the Armory) , turning in a southerly direction onto Liberty Street to the point of beginning. f. Form No 10-300a - (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 3 . SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS _ ESSEX COUNTY Salem Common Historic District #8: A number of known builders have their works represented in the Salem Common Historic District. The Pingree House, 132 Essex Street, and the Clifford Crowinshield House, 74 Washington Square East, were both designed by Samuel McIntire. Houses at 82 Washington Square East and 92 Washington Square East are attributed to McIntire. The Witch Museum at 19'1 Washington Square North was built by Minard Lafever, and Numbers 8 and 10 Mall Street were probably built by mason Nathaniel Foster. The house at 81 Essex Street was built by Benjamin Hodges and 47 Washington Square North was. built by Jonathan Kimball in 1856. Local records and those at the Essex Institute do not reveal other known builders or architects associated with the district. f PROPERTY LIST - SALEM COMMON HISTORIC DISTRICT Salem, Massachusetts • dndicates properties photographed 1, 135 Essex Street Vacant Lot -- Estate B. Axelrod 2 133 Essex Street Estate Benj . Axelrod 1790--1S30 3 131 Essex Street Bertha Adasko 1790-1830 4 129 Essex Street _loses Alpert 1790-1830 5 127 Essex Street Russell L Eliz }Tiernan 20th Century 6 125 Esser. Street Grand Turk Realty 1790-1830 7 123 Essex Street Moba realty Trust 1725-1790 8 109 Essex Street ;Maguire Realty Trust 1890 9 107-107-2 Essex Street 4 Union Street Realtv Trust 1790-1830 10 103 Essex Street Vacant Lot - Samuel Levins Trust 11 101 Essex Street Vacant Lot - Salem Hotel Corp_ 12 99 Essex Street alter & Stella Hull 1530-1850 13 97-9711 Essex Street James Solovicos 1725-1790 14 95 Essex Street Hedvig M. Lewalska 1725-1790 15 91 Essex Street Janes & Joan Bailev 1850-1875 16 83-85 Essex Street James & Joan 3ailev 1875-1900 17 81 Essex Street .James & Joan Bailsy 1725-1790 18 73 Essex Street R. Jazvska & V. Louatis 1725-1790 `F 19 71 Essex Street Narbonne douse - USA 1651-172.5 20 69 Essex Street Armand & Louise Richiuts 1651-1725 21 67 Essex Street ?Mary A. Nowak 1330-1850 22 65 Essex Street Armand ,& Louise Richiuts 1850--1875 23 63 Essex Street Armand L Louise Richiuts 1350-1375 24 59-61 Essex Street Armand R. Blais 1725-1790 25 53 Essex Street Robert & Janet Maguire 1790-1830 26 49-51 Essex Street Edward 1. Pszenny, Jr. 1930-1850 27 47 Essex Street Vienna C. Tarchini 1350-1975 2S 45 Essex Street Robert E. 3onsang 1830-1250 29 50 Essex Street Library 1850 30 52 Essex Street Mary K. Harrington 1790-1830 31 54 Essex Street Set Ming Fong 1790-1830 32 56-53 Essex Street Laurien & Alie L' Italien 1875-1900 33 60-62 Essex Street John & Irene Bochynski 1875-1900 34 64-68 Essex Street Essex Street Trust 1875-1900 35 70 Essex Street John & Carrie Y,ucker 1850--1875 36 72 Essex Street Old Salem Realty Trust 1790 -1830 37 74 Essex Street Richard & .June Anderson 1790-1830 38 76--78 Essex Street Richard & June Anderson 1830-1850 39 84-88 Essex Street Phillips School-City of Sales Rebuilt 1883 40 0212-94 Essex Street George A. Ahmed 1875-1900 41 96 Essex Street Arthur & Joan Dacy 1725-1790 42 98 Essex Street Old Salem Realty Trust 1790-1830 43 18 liashington Square Test Hotel Hawthorne Parking 1920-192.5 44 38 1�ashin,-ton Square South Lucretha Burns 1812 Federal 45 46 ??ashington Square South O'Donnell Funeral Tiome 1875 46 56 Washington Square South Jessie A. Fearing 1830 Greek Revival 47 60-62 Washington Square South Beatrice Lesser 1575 48 72 Washington Square East :.Iarjorie Copeland 1390 49 74 ?dashington Square Fast Marjorie Copeland 1790-1530 50 2-4 Forrester Street Nicholas & Eliz Nestor 1850-1875 r 1 51 • 3 Forrester Street Walter & Bernice Twarog 1850-1875 52 12 Forrester Street Adrian & Madeline Chouinard 1850-1875 '53 14 Forrester Street Michael & Charlotte Shea 1850-1375 54 11 Forrester Street Lillian A. Deytes 1850-1:575 55 9 Forrester Street Joseph & Joan Boudreau 1850-1375 56 7 Forrester Street Felix & Bertha Malolipszy 1850-1875 57 1 Forrester Street Hary W. `.faloon 1725-1790 53 78 Washington Square East Stanley Hikulski 59 80 Washington Square East Elvena Erskine - Joseph Hosmer douse 1795 69 82 Washington Square East H. J. Welch Realty Corn.-Capt. Boardman IIouse 1782-1739 Cil 34 .Washington Square East George W. Full Funeral Home 1900 62 90-92 Washington Square East Florence Drennan-Jabez Baldwin House 1809-1312 63 4 Briggs Street Max & Rae Cutler 1850-1875 64 6 Briggs Street .Tames B. Shatswell 1850-1875 65 3 Briggs Street Richard & Pauline Aikulski 1850-1875 66 10 Briggs Street Stanislas & Margaret Swiniarski 1350-1875 67 94 Washington Square East F. of C Hall-Silsbee Senior 1:318 68 96 Washington Square Bast William & Eunice Toomey-N. Silsbee Home 1832 69 4 Andrew Street Robert & Nackey Scagliotti 1850-1875 70 6 Andrew Street Kathleen Hay 1790-1830 71 8 Andrew Street Phyllis iiinceman 1790-1830 72 10-100 Andrew Street James & Joan Bailey 1790-18.30 73 12 Andrew Street Edward & Dorothy Sonier 1790-1330 74 14 Andrew Street Erneol N. Jorgenien 1790-1830 75 16--18 Andrew Street George & Georgiana Osgood 1790-1330 76 20 Andrew Street John & Donna Boudrot 1790-1830 77 22 Andrew Street Nary Ann Tyburski 1790-1830 73 24 Andrew Street Henry & Florence Soboczyinski 1790-1830 79 26 Andrew Street Genowela Chalupowski 1850-1875 30 30 Andrew Street Chester & Mary Chalupowski i 1850-1875 81 81 Hebb Street Phyllis Beauty Salon 1890- 82 35 Andrew Street Edmund & Anita Sicotte 1840- 33 29 Andrew Street David & Carolyn Smith 1450-1875 34 25-27 Andrew Street William & Louise Pelletier 1850-1875 85 23 Andrew Street JOsenh & Gail Emmett 1790-1830 86 21 Andrew Street Patrick & Ann Evans 1790-1830 87 19 Andrew Street Vogue Fealty Trust 1790-1830 38 17 Andrew Street Robert & Corrine Jones 1790-1830 39 15 Andrew Street John Suldenski 1850-1875 90 13 Andrew Street irystyna Czapla 1790-1830 91 11-11B Andrew Street Fernand & Jacqueline Lachance 1790-1830 92 7-9 Andrew Street William & Gloria Cody 1790- 93 98 Washington Square East Raycinda (Haverhill) Realty Corp. 1840 94 35 Pleasant Street Fred L Julia Korzen kwski 1875=1900 95 33 .Pleasant Street J•:inice H. Vallis 1850-1375 96 31 Pleasant Street Davin & Louise Pelletier 1850-1875 97 12 Pickman Street William & Louise Pelletier 1790-1830 98 14 Pickman Street Roland & Mary L'Hereux 1790-1830 99 16 Pickman Street Transformation Realty, Inc. 1790-1830 100 18 Pickman Street Arthur & Gertrude Ryan 1790-1830 101 120 Pickman Street :Dongld & Earl Wilkins 1875-1900 102 20 Pickman Street John Ryland, Jr. 179071830 ' I i i 103 22 Pickman Street Lena Pierce 1900-- 104' 24 Dickman Street Arthur & Gertrude Ryan 1875-1900 105 26 Pickman Street Leopold & Nancy Fraser 1375-1900 196 27 Pickman Street James & Jeanne Higgins 1950-1875 107 25 Pickman Street Donald & Patrice Lemare 1790-1830 108 23 Pickman Street I'illiam & Ruth Callahan 1850-1875 109 21-21A Picknan Street P,arold & Lenna Phipps 1790-1830 110 19 :.'ilk Street Arthur & Florence Lavoie 1870-1900 111 17 Pull: Street Roland & Pauline Audet 1790-1830 112 13 nil", Street Robert & Nancy Broom 1790-1830 113 11 Milk Street Edward Holkiewicz 1790-1830 114 29 Pleasant Street Pathan & Dorothy Warman 1830--1850 115 3 Parker Court Walter Sadoski 1790-1830 116 1 Parker Court Barbara S. Casey 1830-1850 117 18 Pleasant Street Larry & Anne raccare 1830-1850 118 20 Pleasant Street William A. Millisen 1830-18.50 119 22 Pleasant Street John A. Driscoll 1790-1830 120 26-28 Pleasant Street Dana Trust 1790-1830 121 30 Pleasant Street Robert T. Foley 1850-1875 122 5 "ilk Street Albert R. Gifford 1850--1375 123 2 Picknan Street Richard & Beverly Carter 1790--1539 124 4 Pickman Street Emil E. Castonguay 1790-1830 125 34 Pleasant Street Eliz L. Arondel 1790-1830 126 51-53 Washington Square Forth I',. J. Welch Realty 1830-1850 127 47-49 Washington Square North Loretta Powers 1790-1830 12$ 45 Washington Square North -,clary Curtin 1875-1900 129 41 ?dashin ton Square North Doering Trust 1790-1830 130 39 Idashington Square i.orth Doering Trust 1790-1830 131 23 Winter Street Mary L Field 1830-1850 132 21 Winter Street Thelma E. Wiley 1790-1830 133 19 Winter Street Eleanor M. Barnes Catherine M. Donlon 1875-1000 134 17 Winter Street Richard IF. Desmond 1790-1830 135 15 '?inter Street Alkyn Realty Trust 1850-1875 136 11 I•?inter Street George J. 'Marcopoulas 1850-1875 _f' 137 7 hinter Street Sally Flint Sullo 1850-1875 ! . 138 5 idinter Street Evelyn N. Wright 1850--1860 139 3 Winter Street Joseph & Deborah Cutler 1790-1530 140 1 Winter Street Edward & Helen Plulry IV 1830-1850 141 2 Winter Street Ames Realty Trust 1830-lS50 142 8 -10 Winter Street Old Salem Realty Trust 1830-1850 143 12 Winter Street ;Lary J. Donovan 1530-1550 144 14 hinter Street John & Marie ;tanning, Jr. Circa 172.5 145 16 Winter Street Rayner & Donna Kenison 1830-1850 146 18 ;linter Street Roland & Barbara. St. Onge 1830-1859 147 20 Winter Street Old Salem Realty Trust 1850-1.875 143 22 Winter Street Shamrock Realty Trust 1830-1350 149 . 24 Winter Street Lester '+l. Strook 1875 150 242 Winter Street Americo & Gilda Mazzarini 1875-1900 151 26 Idinter Strcet John & Pauline Ward 1811 152 35 Washington Square North Ralph H. Doering, Jr'. 1790-1320 153 2 Oliver Street Judith Doering 1790--1320 154 6 Oliver Street Janes & Eleanor Dauphine 1790-1829 155 3 Oliver Street Raymond & Hancy Ditroia 1790-1820 r 156 10 Oliver Street fary J. Noyes Circa 1725 157 12 Oliver Street henry & Lheresa Belanger 1830-1850 C-, 153 16 Oliver Street John, Josenh, Marie :Manning 1790-1830 t.4� 159 13 Oliver Street Joseph & Joan Duhaime 1790-1830 Co- 169 20 Oliver Street Randolph & Ellen Dodge 1790-1330 161 22 Oliver Street Henry & Gail Dragon 1790--1830 162 23 Oliver Street Rene & Anna Norneau 1790-1800 163 19 Oliver Street James & Dorothy Fouhey 1790-1800 164 17 Oliver Street 11ary & Wanda Ilikulewicz 1790-1330 165 15 Oliver Street Brian & Barbara Shaughnessy 1790-1830 166 11 Oliver Street Richard & Ann Clemena 1790-1830 167 9 Oliver Street Stella B. Ouellette 1790-1330 163 7 Oliver Street Salvatore & A'ary DeFranco 1790-1830 169 5 Oliver Street Andrew Ardoline 1790--1830 170 31 Washington Square North Judith C. Doering 1790-1830 _ John Forrester 171 29 Washington Square North Bertram 'Home for Aged ?Sen 1318 172 6 :'all Street Joseph & Eliz Palamara 1850-1875 173 3 Mall 'treet Norma Jean Redwine 1790--1830 174 10 14all Street Federal realty Trust 1790-1830 175 10A :fall Street Frank Janicki 1875-1900 176 12 stall Street Stanley & Wanda Cecelski 1790-1830 177 14--16 hall Street Paul & Sandra Roulier 1875-1900 178 13--20_aall Street Leeard & Alda ,'Haskell 1875-1900 179 147--151 Bridge Street firs. Demule (147 Vacant Lot) 1890-1900 180 23 ; all Street Richard. C. Eveleth 1850-1375 131 19-21 Mall Street Saul Ablow 1390-1900 132 17 '-all Street John & Alice Greene 1890-1900 133 15 '.fall Street Helene E. Dion 1790-1820 184 13 'fall Street Charles A. :'oore 1330-1850 185 9 Hall Street Theodore & Shirley Angelakis 1330-1850 186 7 :Sall Street Carrie P. Russell 1790-1320 137 1 Hall Street E. A. Condon 1790-1820 138 25 Washington Square North Stanley Zielinski 1875-1900 189 3 Williams Street Ralph H. Goering Trust 1790-1820 190 10-12 ?'illiams Street Ralph 1. Doering Trust 1790--1820 191 12'-i-14 Williams Street James Salovicas 1850-1875 192 16 Williams Street Peter & Anna LeBlanc 1350-1875 193 13 6;illiams Street Katherine S. Girdler 1790-1820 194 20 Williams Street Eliz A. Haley 1790-1820 195 22-24 Williams .Street Peter & 11ary Orfanos 1790-1820 196 26 t?illiams Street Joseph &' Amelia Stupakiewicz Circa 1725 197 28 Williams Street Rylon Realty Trust 1790-1820 193 30 Williams Street Peter & Barbara Maitland 1790-1820 199 155 Bridge Street "I. Reardon 1900 200 33 Williams Street Ruth I. Symonds 1350-1875 201 31 Williams Street Post Realty Trust 1790-1830 202 29 Williams Street Catherine Osgood 1790-1830 203 27 Williams Street Jonadonist Trust 1875-1900 204 25 Williams Street J. Edward & Blanche Fulton 1790 205 23 Williams Street William P. Vitale 1350-1875 Y 4 5 206 ' 21 Williams Street Parker & Irene Humphry 1830-1850 207' 19 Williams Street Lucillo A. Piotrowski 1790-1820 208 17 [:'illiams Street Peter & Barbara Maitland 1790-1920 209 15'-i ldilliams Street John & Pauline O'Neil 1875-1900 210 15 Williams Street James 14. Salavicos 17.10-1820 211 13 Williams Street David & Lucila Arias 1790-1830 212 11 1:'i1liams Street William & Theresa Cameron 1790-1820 213 9 Williams Street Poland & Ann Ponssard 1830-1850 214 7 Williams Street Delores E. Labrie 1830-1850 215 5 Williams Street Richard P. ;Tarr 1875-1900 216 3 Williams Street Dorris & Helen Dozois 1875-1900 217 21 Washington Square :forth Richard Elliott 1830-1550 218 192 Washington Square north Holly Jean Hulvihill 1843 219 19 Washington Square worth Wanda C. Hilewski 1830-1350 220 2 Brown Street Philip D. Koklas 1850-1875 221 4 Broom Street HcArdle Realty Trust 1350--1875 222 6 Brown Street Ilonora 14. Hayes 1830-1850 223 2-4 Iioward Street John & idary Lenzi 1875-1900 224 8 Howard Street Frank 11. Wetmore 1830-1850 225 10 Howard Street Edward & Patsy LeBlanc 1875--1990 226 12 Howard Street Joan W. Hathaway, Jr. 1830-1850 227 16 Howard Street Frank 11. Wetmore 1850-1860 228 18 Howard Street C. Mary Suldenski 1850-1860 229 22 Howard Street John & Alice Hinceman 1850-1860 230 24 Howard Street Arthur & Dorothy Tforin 1850-1860 231 26 Howard Street Frank H. Wetmore 1850-1860 232 28 Howard Street Deborah id. Heaton 1850-1860 233 30 Howard Street Alice Kuszmar 1830-1850 234 34 Iioward Street Leo & Jeannette Talbot 1830-1850 235 38 Iioward Street Robert & Lorraine DeVoe 1830-1850 236 40 Howard Street David & Honora 11. Bayes 1830-1850 237 42 Howard Street Wetmore Family Trust 1830-1850 238 159 Bridge Street i4. Romanow 1900 239 5 Howard Street David & Ilonora Hayes 1375-1900 240 1-3 Iioward Street David & Honora Haves 1875-1900 241 3 Brown Street James & 'lichelle Bragan 1790-1800 242 10-12 Brown Street Lucille C. Nadeau 1790-1820 243 14-16 Brown Street Daniel 6I. IlciIugh, Jr. 1350-1875 244 4 Brown Street Court Daniel W. McHugh, Jr. 1850-1875 245 18 Brown Street Salem Young Womens Assoc. 1880 246 22-24 St. Peter Street St. Peters Church 1833/adjoining study 1930 247 26-28 St. Peter Street St. John Baptist Rectory 1830 248 231z St. Peter Street St. John Baptist Church 1826 Fed. Per. 249 30-36 St. Peter Street St. John Baptist School 1.962 250 48 St. Peter Street Residence County Sheriff 1811 251 St. Peter Street Salem Jail & House of Correction 1S13/enlarged 1835 252 Howard Street Burying Ground 1801 253 1 Broom Street David & Honora Hayes 1790-1820 254 13 Washington Square West Andress Stafford house 1818 255 1 Daniels Street Thomas E. Gill 1667--Built 256 120-126 Essex Street Essex Institue 1727 C;owinshield Bently house 1804 257 128 Essex Street Pingree ?louse - Essex Inst. Y 258 132-134 Essex Street Essex Institude 18.57 259 136 Essex Street Salem armory 1904 260 89 Webb Street Omer J. & Caroline Gagnon 1890 261 1 Milk Street Mabel O'Day 1875-1900 262 3 Milk Street E'o & 11. Hampel 1850-1875 263 5 Ililk Street Margaret M. Kingsley 1850-1875 264 4 ,':ilk Street Roland & ,1ary L'IIeureux 1850-1875 265 6 :'ilk Street Orne St. Realty Trust 1790-1820 256 8 Milk Street Otis & Helen Putnam 1790-1320 267 Roger Conant Statue 1913 268 Sales Common ISilitary Training Field 1713 Band Stand 1926 Playground 1923 r Salem Common Historic District - Salem, MA S hoto ra her 20, 18, 16 Oliver Street (left tc"Richard Savickey, p g P December 1975 Salem Common Historic District !, Salem Historical Commission, City Hall, Salem, NA hotographer Salem, MA Richard Savickey, P November 1975 Cit Facing east. Salem Historical Commission, j Salem, MA Photograph #7 i Facing east. j Photograph #11 I 9 Forrester Street. Salem.Common Historic District Salem, MA - Richard Savickey, photographer December 1975. Salem Historical Commission, City Hall, Salem, MA ,I Facing north. Photograph #8 2-4 Forrester Street Salem Common Historic District Salem, MA Richard Savickey, photographer November 1975 - Salem Historical Commission, City Hall, Salem, MA Facing northeast. Photograph #9 I I I I I f 25, 29, 31, 35 Washington Square North Salem Common Historic District Salem Common Historic District Salem, MA Salem, MA Richard Savickey, photographer Richard Savickey, photographer December 1975 December 1975 Salem Historical Commission, City Hall, Salem Historical Commission, City Hall, SSalem, MA Salem, MA Facing northeast. Facing north. Photograph 41 Photograph #4 7 (left) and 8 (right) Williams Street 92 84 82 80 78 quare East Washington S Salem Common Historic District g Salem Common Historic District Salem, MA Salem, MA Richard Savickey, photographer Richard Savickey, photographer December. 1975 December 1975 Salem Historical Commission, City Hall, Salem, MA Salem Historical Commission, City Hall Salem, MA Facing northwest. Facing northeast. Photograph #5 Photograph #2 82 (foreground) , 92, 94 Washington Square East Salem Common Historic District Richard Savickey, photographer December 1975 Salem Historical Commission, City Hall, Salem, MA Facing north. 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'-n ,r�'.�p+�`z* •'y.�+."�'-�.;�'S�i 7'p�"y/ {.� -1 1• tFr�°.� .< ^e.#, 4" +4 a �,f"� r f4'` �' r1 �r� f ° 4+1 •�..F� x h � � pre Yom•.., � � ��`! >/ d � y#may 4�{ ��f' aP��(7= �"4 y><�.�„{tl F i.: � i to `•> T%'1s t ag P� R Y'I O O �y'r iA��e'r "+�i." Ad l� ' � A � '° ��"��!�-��1 ni�y �,�t n+rA�n7 ;��,�• ��`4 �� " �� of - '�,. ��';1±Gt'y^l+F r' .a+ f�Pl krr wa.='§` ,1�`+e ,f. u 1< nom.�'•t r s•. `" ..:t*__ ��,.✓ ��,�'+Y:.�1'�� rx°" Y mod.! G:. x + _ `} �Jy�' A"A. • �� ': b �fi' ti .r TP }a k ��i� ♦ it R{ ate' Y � 33 fA Kh. � }m ..M ppL NIL A f LL it �x 0411, fq ul r � 7 } yt I(A$ f`b do [syl 1/I 6' i tk •j`ise Z op DA { N .R.. J�Yr� T✓+ •mss .jti I� ... t".�L ° uv , < ' 1V ♦ / �. / 5 r'."' ° Sg}'hr.xY"�t`� x •t sir �.'A?2s: W 217 sm 14l, + ez�ii gra, + THEISIGNIFICANCE OF THE SALEM COMMON DISTRICT The•SalemyCommon District,,i.s ,significant because it contains classic examples of buildings,of all" stylus aince the latter part` of the seventeenth 'century. .These range from. the Narbonne House on,'Essex ; Street the Colonial; Federal; ''Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianete, 'Que.en,Anne ,and"Colonial Revival periods. They reflect ' the rich history''ofz"Salem, rom the early fishing daya,- the Witchcraft troubled- times, the,post ,Revolutionary °era of" brave' men and ships that 7 ' , opened, trade with'the orient,� the nineteenth century elegance of ,sociil1 Life that included literary and national statesmen. They also reflect -, the industrial revolution,°)after Boston replaced Salem` as the, major�'- New England port. "n The 'focal point .of,,the"district'.is Washington Square. In ;they ' seventeenth century it was"marshq and five ponds drained into Collins Cove. It was sparsly settled ,tiat one of Salem' s Lwitches, .Ann,Pudeatorl lived nearbyc , In 1714 the'�� towh-voted, to keALI 114 1ep this area open for, use as a training field and it'became knoIA wn asNthe�Commoon. sTwo informers `' _, 1 �-tiN Nwnr. � g 1 may. � ••+, - i who reported local shipping pactivgiteys `to} `crown officers were tarred and 'feathered under a liberty tree 4nt-17.74;"Many�otanneries andtiropewalks were flourishing.at this time,* and while, still.•ruralin .character, there was ",a charity house, .a gunhouse and'a ,school as well as- two`or three hands-ome"wooden three at-6 houses. When'the' bridge to Beverly replaced1the. ferry• in 1788 all this land became more" desireable. In 1801, Elias Hasket'` Derby. sperked a' , `. private, subscription to'le.vel the Common, lay out walks and plant , rows of Lombardy poplar`a' and enclose it with a' fence. 'He' wis soysuccessful that two wears later herraised" an additional sum for 'four gateways done by• SamuelrMcIntire. One, with a medallion of "Washington,' has,- been preserved at the Essex Institute. The present iron fenee °was' erected In 1850. T_he .poplara ,didn!t, last very long and were replaced by elms. The .Salem.Park Department acquired the Common, (about nine acres) — Significance of Common District, cont in 1928 'as='a playground. The center grandstand was built in '1926, 4nd the statue of Roger Conant, nothwestFof the -Common was,�dedicated rin 1913. It- was designed by Henry eKitson for- the Conant Family Association to honor Salem' s first leader and founder. The' Federal mansions surrounding the Common were built by'--prosperous merchants and sea captains The first was built at # 82 Washington Square ' East by 'Captain Boardman. Am1ong .the •merchants 'were Co1., Pickman, # 13 Washington Square West who entertained his .friends Nathaniel Silsbee; Benjamin ,Packman, Benjamin Crowninshield ;and others, Captain James f Devereux�lived at #: 74 Washington Square East In his ship, Franklin ' he was the first to 'trade with Japan in 1803. Nathaniel Bowditch°married,Y a Boardman daughter and lived at # ,82 for seve'ral,-fears,,Nathaniel Silsbee-, "who lived at °# '94^ East;started his 'career as•a'„shipmaster for the Derbys .but later went. into politics.. Because of his friendship with, ” , Daniel Webster, the latter' s son 'was married in this house: .Other ship masters who lived nearby were James- Kimball, Captain•of -the Leander, at # 14 Pickman Street; Charles Millet;Master of, ehip Typee i_,who opened up the wool trade,"*with Au�etral a w . . at, #17 Packman Street;' ; t .. � Nathaniel Griffin, Master& of Elisa and Mary and'oYwner of Neptune, at' #• �x,Win'ter'.'Street: �+ a`C ' 1, e;`;p i w , George Peabody, Salem' s famouas philaiithropist, lived at # 29 ' ." f v�F 'a �. o' °.. �J.f �i' rr-riy�e.,.;. E'. Washington,, Square ,North for almost. sixty years and entertained many friends including Longfellow, Aggasiz and General McClellan. Judge, - Joseph Story built and';lived in # 1 Winter Street. He was elected .to the General Court and later served' as Speaker:of the Ue S House of g3 Representatives. °He was.app6iAted to'the Supreme'�Court .by President Madison ,' Here ' he entertained President Munroe in 1817 and Caeneral Lafayette in 1824,His son, 'William Wetmore Storey,. was a well' known poet and s6ulptor.• Nathaniel Hawthorne lived-at # 12 Mall 'Street, when .he Wrote • Significance of Common District, cont. '.' x his ° first• successful novel The Scarlet Letter. On•the northwest boundary of the-district is the Salem jail- and House oftCorrection; built of granite'.in 1811: ,Nearby, is b. 'handsome three -storv .brick Federal style house built for the ,bailor and his,. . family. ' The' streets north �of'the Common, leading to Bridge Street,, Williams; , a Mall, Oliver and•Winter have attractive "streetscapes", ,with predominately Greek-Revival houses,- of wood, +set close to` the' street and many have. ' attractive small,,gardens, a ' Turning southeast from Winter Street arePleasant,, Pickman�+•Andrew, Briggs and Boardman Streets that contain-houses of all�the styles mentioned earlier. On Essex Street, one of`-Silem' s oldest thorofares • are the sedenteenth' century Narbonne and, Daniels ,houses,Onrthe streets leading ,from Essextowards "the harbor. are many' more . wooden houses, built •byiehipjoners and fisherman. ;Future research and restoration r of mann of 'these may reveal ythat they too were built athreeYhundred„•ears ago. - iyF•A �,tl * ✓' a ' - . ' c a W*»w' a. r. J-' ••A m«r.c ` �4y r � .•,I Irv, z i � �t ,�:A ,. "4+,� : � < • ��..'¢j' �{�” ##�''K'}� ice+ +' p. ' r e a r Description of .Buildings,p.4 r # The Witch Museum - 18,46- ?191 Washington Square-North -Gothic Revival k This structure was builtfor the',East. Chureh', the oldest branch of the. First Church, �whose leader was the famous diarist, William Bentley,, , from 1785 'to' 1819., .when the parish met in a building long Since, demolyshed. . ,This EastChurch `was dissolved� in the first half of .this century. From ` its records, deposited at the 'Essex iInstttute, it was designed by Minard Lafever., a noted. New York architect. It was _partly destroyed by fire in ,the . 1960s, but `its facade is. weil reatored' and it 16 now'a , museum depicting the Witch, eraft hysteria of the 1690s, `by. realiatic automation. ., a The building has a .brown•stone gable end facing .,the street with , three •entrances,'-The° large{J centra}14,enptran{cue an¢d tZhe:. two smaller ones ' f."Y" �'tr.,'r4+{*..{ T dee 'M• l f�d',�� 1 �...ww T .. , on either.side have pointed Gothic arches. g 2&4 Forrester Streeti? e"1865" Italian tev"Stq rr -M� a"♦'yj.,.�+wj R �.a y i,. a ywr Yy 4 wa use, stands ons hi h " This handsome double ho g granite.,and brick foundation with a:,.matched board e'x terior, and a gable' above`the. two double recessed ,. entrances; which are separated by a partition. The house has many ` r i . external details which are ornate and" elegant. These 'include fleur Fd; Uts;Gothic drops; Italianate paired"brackets and a variety of window treatments, but the house is 'large .enough and they .are used skillfully ..,,. enough to result in a very pleasing building. It shows no sign of alter- ,- on; *. P anas F c ,1890 2Winter , # Eaetlake3CottaQe; Queen Anne Style r;Stre6V, This, house:;wlth all its'• fancy,'shingles, gableq, ,,dormers,bays,' sgindl,es and_varied'window' shapes and sizea is typical of the Queen Anne, style,of. 1architecture which was a reation against the industrial Y revolution and an attempt to look hand made. The style was 'as outgrowth of the movement begun be Hunt; Marris 'and Rosetta in England, The fancy brick chi mney_^is a further reflection of the attitudes of the period. °. ,' 3. Description'of Important"'Buildings in . Salem Common District. 'The Salem "Common',:Historic District proposed for the National Register is predominately residential °with-,some exceptions. The focal point.:of this 'district is the square itself,; with ita_ handsome.°federal • ' houses that surround the Common, Streets leading off the Common Piave r buildings that range, from the early 1800s to the turn' of` the century and include Federal,Federal Ad'amesque,Greek_ Revival, Italians. Queen' Anne, and,ColonialrRevival.houses, Two 17th century buildings are on Essex Street, parallel to the south side , on the Common, r, t: • 'clapboard # The Narbonne House .16704,71" Essex;"St I A two story house, with ' a'!stee,p,pitched roof, gable- end to the''street` with an ell beyond in ; s •• the yard as 'well as a lean to behind the original -house.It was the home of•rfiahermen `and ,marriners and• ship joiners In the 1800s .it' belonged, to the .NarbonneiEmily �whose ;namepit"„bears. It is.,' currently being reatored .by the National Park Service. #. , ' The Daniels House.':1667 #�wgglw',Daniella �St.. {tNgamed for its firstji b ` owner„ shipwright Steph6e.bdniels; it was enlarged iri1756 by Samuel . Silsbee. The oldest part oP the'•building is 'the southern half, where there was. the,;original, entrance. The present entrance on Daniels Street ' . has a reproduction enclosed pedimented porch. It° is •now a small- guest: house. and restaurant. # The,Boaidman-#HouseF-, 1782- # 82 Washington Sq.°•East; Pre-Federal. Built .by' Capt Francis Boardman, records at ,the 'Essex, Institute tell it was worked 'on°by the McIntire brothers and not" completed until 1789.. The housePhas ,receivedrmany* alterations over the ,years but it remains , a handsome three story plus -hip, rooP wooden�^houae'.Some of the windows G still have typical molded window caps and •sills Oftthe„ pre-Federal +: Description of buildings,. p,2 ° • style. Captain Boardman' srlog books at the' Peabody Museum tell of his voyagesin 'privateers,A He ,was captured by the British and. escapedrt . by swimming to the nearby Carolina shore,, 'From there he, walked home�to Salem,He .married Mary .Hodges, and according to Bentiv' s Diary, gave many fine parties in this house,He .died•at the age of forty,four,in Port Au •Prince.. His widow and- daughters continued to live here and Nathaniel'Bowditch married one of them and also lived here for several , a a ` years, Another dug.hter married tachariah F; Silsbee, a successful ship= owner and merchant and"thevIlived -here until 1874, # • ,The Bertram Home For: Aged Men - 1818 29, Washington Square .North, This is one of the great brick mansions-built around` the .Common during the'Federal period, It was 'built for John Forrester,.,son of •Simon Forrester a successful Salem merchant,From 1834 to 1892 George Peabody, 'son of s5 Captain Joseph"Peabody, Lived in the" house where it, is said ,he, often, entertalned .Lonefellow, Age,ssiz, Lowell as ,well as General McClellan, „ Afterwards it was used,as headquarters'• for the Salem•_ Club, a now defunct 'organization of Salem gentlemen, It<,now serves. as' the,Bertram Home °for v Aged Men, The house is 'a three,stoiy-plus hip4roof, #briek, (Flemish 'Bond) building, with a balustrade*on-the roof, .beaded keystones in the in+the stone lintels above th`e ,windowsfand a typical centrAl' entrance° A; ' portico. George Peabody added the one. storytwing"an .the east side of the{W house. ;Behind the house is a Federal period two story plus hip roof chaise house with arched. windows.` A tulip tree in .the garden is. said to II e- .- the tallest and 'oldest °in the country;; # # 16 •Winter Street 1813i0 s, private ,resi_dence that is an Irk fr` t:� # ?J� 4 y: p excellent example . of the,'Greekirevival,'style with its wide- entablature, Listed below are houses that may be considered for inclusion in report to Massachussetts Historical Commission representing.archi tectural, or historical value.: . Information obtained from Historic Salem Inc. 1969 Survey and observation. ESSEX STREET - One of,.the two oldest in Salem' ' �9 X671 - Narbonne House , 17th 'Century -1 circa 1670' This was the home of fishermen', mariners and shipjoiners . In the 1800s , it belonged�to John Andrew whose niece', Mrs . Narbonne , inherited it.- ' It is now owned and being restored by, the, National Park'•Service.; #81 - Pre-Federal two story wooden gambrel roof: , X6100 Essex Street facing Hawthorne parking lot; gable end to the street. #76-78 Greek Revival two family house . t Corner of Essex and Daniels Streets The Daniels House - 1667 E'- X61 Daniels• St. 17th century house, enlarged -'Circa1750. It was enlarged by Samuel Silsbee . Repaired in .the 1930s , it has served as a small guest house and restaurant . , ANDREW STREET ' , 1 X66 Federal Period -built by William Ropes . One of the finest on the street. #22. - two 'story front. PICKMAN STREET- #17 - Federal Period , three story brick. Modified by Miss Esther Mack,' , (as in Mack Park) to`.serve as a school : a ." 2 Pickman St , cont . #12 - Federal period, three story wooden; built by Robert Cook, 1813-15 , attributed to McIntire : 0wned• b"Charles Millet, master of ship Typee who opened wool trade between the United States and' Australia . #14 - 1811 - Built by Robert Cook. Attributed to McIntire . In 1839 James Kimball, master of brig Leander live'd `there. - WINTER STREET #16 - Excellent example of Greek Revival period . #24 - Greek Revival, home of John Bertram, Salem's greatest philanthropist . #24'k - "Eastlake Cottage" excellent example of Queen Anne period , i .e. a return to hand crafted work, during a period of heavy mechanization. #26 - Federal period, built in 1811 by Judge Storey, Massachusetts and ' U.S . Congressman, appointed to Supreme Court by President Madison. He entertained Monroe and Lafayette here . The house was altered in the early 1900s . #1 - Greek- Revival , built in 1837 by Captain Nathaniel Griffin, master of 'the brig Eliza and Mary, Leander and owner of Neptune . MALL STREET #1 - Federal period handsome entrance #5 — Greek Revival, built with care for detail >d , J,2 -#12 - Federal period . Hawthorne lived here form 1847-1850, while he wrote his ,first successful novel , The Scarlet Letter. The last house on Mall Street , numbered on Bridge , was the site of the first Catholic Church, Saint Marys , built in 3810 by Simon Forrester and . torn down in 1877. Iwo - e if WILLIAMS STREET ° 47-9 —Greek Revival, only brick house on -.the street. i . #15 - Federal style #21 Greek Revival , .. #8 - Federal style X610-12 - Federal style #16 Handsome features of the Italianate style , FORRESTER STREET .. rlr`R� #2-4 Handsome double house, Italianate style' .7 #9 - Well' restored Queen Anne, style OLIVER STREET #16 - Federal style #5 Greek Revival .der : �S?ES:IIF MA?S \� _ � ` \ .o ✓i39 yip;� `�` `'i�~� quz \ t` // f SN i.. 2 •�: A ti.Z' 1.� 1 C r 1�DaBEG �69 v J� 46 .� 179ac Ap JI -e5o �B •.V/✓L -�2j.. o ^- - 79 V� 9J5 �. B4NDST.ND N �1 _ 157 �Ko 192 3e9s. i 1 XJ 182 157 t \�: 1' II 2 �� 1 5 �• D G `a Tl- 00 . ``r � Nom"/•� � \- / I — ..-^ 412 416 r .00 \ �,�� ' r� ITr� 1 �7.i1 'A H`;- ,Z PO, ✓hyTs: � t2' 1°y�P ,� yti -% fiery ,pO �fb NN 9 o L ,/�h�. )� �G. \ /ti a j ,g � ei c \hy ,sy 10Je P'00 L •r :- ' r i r ' JP It 9b P NN w 5 O \� '�Qi ` a- •� j�,: - FJ'/�a. - � ,io�h ,y` ,o �,A�yyF It P .0 �. 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