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CHESTNUT STREET HISTORIC DISTRICT l =CT CHESTNUT STREET HISTORIC D f k Commonwealth of Massachusetts Massachusetts Historical Commission :F< ,ry4K ^fir, 4 i4 CHESTNUT STREET HISTORIC DISTRICT p4 SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS - was accepted on OCTOBER 4. 1978 for inclusion*in the -` NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES The National Register is the official list of the Nation's cultural resources worthy of preservation, and includes districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects significant in American history, architecture, archeology and culture The National Register was established under the National Historic Preserva- tion Act of 1966 and is administered in Massachusetts by the Massachusetts Historical Commission. State Historic Preservation Officer Secretary of the Commonwea kA Executive Director, Massachusetts Historical Commission Chairman, Massachusetts Historical Commtssion 7 River Street Salem, MA 01970 March 24, 1975 Its. Llizabeth Amadon Massachusetts Historical Commission 40 Beacon Street Boston, MA Dear Mrs. Amadon: I am writing in behalf of the property owners and residents of River and Lynn Streets, two small streets on the northern edge of the Chestnut Street National Register District (see enclosed map) . We are writing to request that the district he expanded to include our two streets. We are somewhat puzzled by why River and Lynn were not included in the first place. Originally it was our impression that the shape of the district was to follow a sharply-defined rectangular area bounded by Flint, Federal, Summer, and Broad Streets. On that basis, while we regretted to be left out, at least we could understand the rationale for our exclusion. But we were surprised to learn that a geometric plan was abandoned in favor of a larger, more comprehensive area. Which is what puzzles us. It would seem only logical that if one were going to draw a ragned, expansive boundary our two streets would definitely be a part of the district. Not only are we an inlegrll part of the neighborhood; we are its natural limit. Behind laver Street the land drops 60 feet to the old riverbed (now filled in) and the eighteenth century residential becomes the twentieth century industrial.. As you know, the size of the district is so large that it actually encompasses several sub-neighborhoods . By drawing, the line where you have, you have cut in half one of the most homogeneous and important of these. . Andover, which is In the district, Diver and Lvnn--which are not-- form a coherent architectural environment that has cleansed little since the eighteenth century . it is an area of undeviating human scale. The automobile is less intrusive here than anywhere else in the district . It is an area characterized chiefly by narrow, :rnoked streets (only 16 feet across) and tighLly-packed loth century frame ;louses. Unlike the more imposing; mansions of rederal , Chestnut, and Essex Street:; built by a merchant elite, these are more modest dwellings, originally built by Salem's artisan class. And therein lies its ;greatest charm. Mrs. Elizabeth Amadon -2- March 24, 1975 Perhaps the main reason for the area 's excellent preservation is its location. Fortunately, tucked away as it is from the mainstream of traffic and activity, it has escaped many of the ravages Of progress. Not only have the houses themselves survived significant tampering, inside and out , but more importantly their spatial relationships have survived intact. There are no g,apirrg holes where original dwellings have been demolished and replaced by later out-of-scale or otherwise obtrusive structures. Our two streets are also rich in historical significance. To cite only two examples, No. 9 Lynn (c. 1776) , which presently abuts the district, was built by Benjamin Goodhue, a delc;;ate to the 1789 Cons;ress, the nation's first. My own house, which also abuts the district, was built in 1734 by one John Chandler, a housewriy[Irt and officer in the Revolution who, according to Fiske Kimball, was responsible for the construction of the McIntire-designed Old Customs (louse. As you may have gathered by now, we who live here have a great deal of affection and pride in our two small streets. In the last year and a half we have expended considerable effort and money in restoring our homes and in developing a sense of neighborhood awareness and appreciation. We are not overly optimistic about the dollar advantages of being, included in the district . More than anything we want the recognition that our two streets deserve. I should say here that in this endeavor we have the support of Mr . Raymond Chalifour, Chairman of the local historical commission. who has recently toured the area. We are willing to do whatever wort: is necessary to be included. .de look forward to a favorable reply. Sincerely, .John 11. Carr, Jr. Enclosure f �\. _ .laooackeJel1J Paul Gu(zzzi �O 40 9,a . Xeel .�oslon, AO&JacL kA 02106- 727-691170 21087,27-8470 31 March 1975 Mr. John H. Carr, Jr. 7 River Street Salem, Massachusetts 01970 Dear Mr. Carr: Thank you for your letter of March 24, regarding the enlargement of the Chestnut Street Historic District on the `.National Register. . Ray - Chalifour has already mentioned this to mm&.': We will be delighted to consider the enlargement. 2 know the area you speak of and am:in agreement with you that it might well be eligible for inclusion on the National Register. However, a site inspection must be made, as the first step, by one of our staff. After that you will have to furnish us with more information which we then submit to Washington. Perhaps you could call and make an appointment with one of our staff members for a meeting in Salem. Thi's probably cannot take place before May, as April is all booked up. We are delighted that you have an interest in historic preservation, both of your neighborhood and your house. You can be assured we will cooperate to the fullest extent. Sincerely, Elizabeth R. Amadon Executive Director Massachusetts Historical Commission ERA:pJJ ;i WO W��GGLO� �mJ9ac�uJe1C� �C L)10)CC2� ZJOntm2liJ9e09L �p Paul Guzzzi �o lf0 Aacon JGkeel -flW&t, .i&Jaa/raset% 0, 108 - .J reriirfmf�, /�('J�snvrneua�rerrlu� 7,27-81s70 22 May 1975 Mr. John Carr 7 River Street Salem, Massachusetts Dear John: I enjoyed meeting with you yesterday angoing over the proposed extension of the Chestnut Street Distri In our staff meeting today we agreed that it will make a more logical boundary of the area. I am enclosing a copy of the owner notification form which should be sent to all the owners of properties within the proposed extension. Since we have only a limited quantity of the green brochures, perhaps you could make a notation that it will be available at the library or at your house for those who wish to know more about the National Register program. I have sent a similar notice to Ray Chalifour requesting the Salem Historical Commission's approval of the nomina— tion. Again, thank you for your hospitality and for the additional tour of the Redevelopment Authority's progress. Please call me if you have any questions about preparing the nomination, and I will be glad to help. Sincerely, JJ u D bs National Register Fditor Massachusetts Historical Commission encl. p•S• �F oll dorti'� F1ave access 67 0. ttopj mckchme, t can' fi rnoakp, CxAdit'tonal Gopiei 0� the_ at4 h2d -fvrrrt , le{ me know the, v'%UMber A • �/!/GrL6,42CiL!C,SB�d JGG6�0/�GCCLL VO/!L//LG1.¢L02 2PAUL GUZZI 94 /liaiiL�lore JC�eelosioiG ///Ga�sac�zrusel�s 62109 VD//t✓!t D21p86�t� ry c�ry p/ ry . . PROPOSED NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION - - *NOTIFICATION TO CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER - Date: January 3, 1976 To: Jean A. Levefque, Mayor, City of Salem Address: City Hall, Salem, MA. 01970 From: Massachusetts Historical Commission Subject: National Register of Historic Places This is to notify you that the following property: Name: Lynn and .River Streets as an addition to the Chestnut Street National • _. Register Historic District- Address: 2-18 River Street, 7-13 Lynn Street, & 30-32 Beckford Street Nominated by: Salem Historical Commission is being considered by the Massachusetts Historical Commission for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. (See attached explanation of the National Register Program.) . The National Register affords recognition and protection for districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects significant in American History, architecture, archeology, and culture. Listing a property in the National Register places no restrictions on the owner's actions unless Federal funding or licensing is involved. Please acknowledge receipt of this notification by signing below and returning this form to Patricia L. Weslowski, Survey Director, Massachusetts Historical Commission, 294 Washington Street, Boston, 02108. The State Review Body will not consider this nomination until we receive your comments or thirty days have passed from the date of notification. Written comments on the significance of this property are encouraged and may be attached to this form. •. Signature Date �� L- 7 .7 cc: Sa Historical Commissipn d Ur PAUL QU=J �///Ga�aetls �%Gastorica� Z�o�zinitsiore S°vet�ia ��s ,29.E f4'cc.�iiic�Coia JC�eet �os�o2, �///Gassact�i�ei�,s 0,270 0/ Ma NOTICE OF NATIONAL REGISTER CONSIDERATION Under the provisions of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the Massachusetts Historical Commission is considering a proposal by the Salem Historical Commission to nominate the LYNN AND RIVER STREETS AREA to the National Register of Historic Places as an addition to the CHESTNUT STREET HISTORIC DISTRICT (listed in the National Register of Historic Places, 8/28/73) The area under consideration is described on the map below. The Massachusetts Historical Commission will accept written comments regarding the significance of this area for inclusion in the National Register of Historic " Places for a period of thirty days from posting or until February 7, 1977. Questions about the National Register of Historic Places may be directed to either the Massachusetts Historical Commission (address and phone above) or • the Salem Historical Commission. i j CRY 6F 15 13 11 7 Cl �. L - � W (077- t�i �7Gare�a�� /�/G¢44ac�a�e��s �7G��orica� (ooire �io2 vwuL cuxv MEMORANDUM TO: Jean A. Levefque, Mayor, City of Salem FROM: Joseph R. Orfant, National Register Editor DATE: January 3, 1977 RE: Proposed addition to the Chestnut Street National Register Historic District The Massachusetts Historical Commission is considering nominating the Lynn and River Streets area to the National Register of Historic Places as an addition to the Chestnut Street National Register Historic District (see enclosed map) . • We request that you post this map and notice of intent in public view in the City Hall for a period of thirty days. Also please sign the Notification of Intent, Chief Executive Officer, and return it to this office at your earliest possible convenience. Your comments regarding the architectural and/or historical significance of this area for nomination to the National Register are most welcome. Your cooperation in this matter is greatly appreciated. �/l�Ga�acetts �7Gcsto�ica� Z�iincasioic PAUL aum - . Jacre�ar� �.C�e .�9� {'i'a.1✓GG%GQt0/G e/L/�68t �01t02, �/UGadsac�ett �.27�� - ZOim�rtoiame2t!/� - - NOTICE OF NATIONAL REGISTER CONSIDERATION Under the provisions of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the Massachusetts Historical Commission is considering a proposal by the Salem Historical Commission to nominate the LYNN AND RIVER STREETS AREA to the National. Register of Historic Places as an addition to the CHESTNUT STREET HISTORIC DISTRICT (listed in the National Register of Historic Places, 8/28/73) The area under consideration is described on the map below. The Massachusetts Historical Commission will accept written comments regarding the significance of this area for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places for a period of thirty days from posting or until February 7, 1977. Questions about the National Register of Historic Places may be directed to either the Massachusetts Historical Commission (address and phone above) or • the Salem Historical Commission. � vI AREA UNP&S— _D I / 4ONSlDZ u„i �8 ® 8 � �IVE� STS�T UNDAF-Y bF 13 l2 1�41� 15 13 �� 7 �kisrnl�D�sr�t ' �. �kt�IDO�/'Ei� ➢1 ,a� e 11la-0ae.41adeA e edloWeaG 770/I2/�2/..36Go2 PAUL OY=EI ��c�taF� ��Gle 29L !t'as/�iia��o2 eel A0.IA 1..ssacl, .4 0,270 Z/!O//L//L 821B86GG� 70 MEMORANDUM TO: Jean A. Levefque, Mayor, City of Salem FROM: Joseph R. Orfant,. National Register Editor DATE: January 3, 1977 RE: Proposed addition to the ChestnutStreetNational Register Historic District The Massachusetts Historical Commission is considering nominating the Lynn and River Streets area to the National Register of Historic Places as an addition to the Chestnut Street National Register Historic District (see enclosed map) . we request that you post this map and notice of intent in public view in the City Hall for a period of thirty days. Also please sign the Notification of Intent, Chief Executive Officer, and return it to this office at your earliest possible convenience. Your comments regarding the architectural and/or historical significance of this area for nomination to the National REgister are most welcome. Your cooperation in this matter is greatly appreciated. • 1 I'r,w Q-700 UNITED STATES DEPARTML'NT OF THE INTERIOR STATE; (Jvly My) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Mass COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY — NOMINATION.FORM 'Ss0 ' I FOR NPS USE ONLY LtIT11Y NUMIl1:R DATE (Typo all cn:rics — complete applicable sections). COMMON: - ... ... ._. - ( Imstliut. Strcot Di,E,i at �NO- f - - Ofl Same I i 12. LO Congressional District: 6 ' IISTREET NL NUMBLR. LA_o roa'mate boundaries• Broad Flint. Federal, and summer Streets ; II �__•. CI1Y OR TOWNi Salem STATEI' CODE COUNTY: l' ... CODE 1 3. CLAS$1FICATIONION 00-: CATEGORY an (CheckOne) OWNERSHIP STATUS ACCESSIBLE Z TO THE PUBLIC I❑"KDistrict O ❑ Building ❑ Public Public Acquisition: ® Occupied Yes: }}l ❑ Site ❑ Structure n ❑ Unoccupied Private ❑ In Process r] Restricted F - _ r ❑ Object Both ❑ Being Considered ❑ Unrestricted . ❑ Preservation work FFF U In progress No PRESENT USE (Chock Oue or Moro as Approprlefe) ' ❑ Agricultural [�j Governmenta ❑ Park ❑ Transportation ❑Comments N] Commercial ❑ Industrial ® Private Residence Other 5 ad ❑ Educational ❑ military ❑ ( P �) ® Scientific 1ZJQVCITlme nt' H iK� Entertainment ® Museum - ❑ Scientific - Z .4.: OWNER OF PROPERTY. .:.. . .r :.' r.... _ `r•i::i, . - 'OWNER'S NAME: - WMultiple owners N STREET AND NUMBER' N m LU lA CITY OR TOWN: _ STATE:. CODE N _ _ Salem Mass. o 5. LCCA?-6i 6i LI=GALOLSCRIPTION - - _ N COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEF`OS, ETC: n Registry of Deeds , Essex County °c STREET AND NUMBER' Z Y 32 Federal Streetre " < re CITY OR TOWN: STATE x t CODE —_ Salem Massachusetts 025 l 16. REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEY$ I TITLE OF SUkV EY: D S Inventory of Historic Building Assets y ! I_ (DATE OF SURVEY: 1967 Fcderal aState ❑ <' pl Local .I Z I A DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY kCCQRDS: E I = - Massachusetts Historical' Commission '' IN _ a lS TRE CT ANO NUMBER: ' SIN 40 Beacon StreetIn CITY OR TOWN: Z STATE: ,CODE r ' Boston _ - Massachusetts o ` D I H l m 1 ,sCP IPTI( (Check On.) UJ r..d.': 0 D01.6.,.t.d EJ Ruins 0 Unexposed p...d • CONDITION (Check On.) (Cht,ek on") 0,c.k' Ruins u' 0 U *xposed 0 Sit- ❑ Alt.,.d KJ Unaltered d ;e AL (it'knO n ,�� DESCRI.OL-THE description of bounds. See continuation -sheet, pagO '4 , for de 1 ly 0 3 t 1 a . area r a comprising Ompr1s in g _den ' seventeenth c a comprising Chestnut St. District is a predominantly residential are The part t 0 f Salem. Itthroughcon- acres in the western part of Salem. it con- tains sc vc approximately forty-five (45) dating from nth buildings dating from the seventeenth over three hundred (300) tains 0 designed in a range of styles including the early twentieth centuries and desig Greek Revival, Gothic Revive Colonial, Georgian, Federal, AdamesqUe Federal, Italianate, and colonial Revival. The most important streets in the distric are those running east and west: Federal St. , Essex St. , Chestnut St. , and parts of Broad St. it is on these four streets that the finest architecture and most historically significant buildings appear. Broad Street is one of the oldest highways in Salem. The majority of houses � on this street are large, eighteenth century, two and story gambrel roof generally sheathed with clapboards. Much of theblock structures and are on the north side between Cambridg6 and Pickering Streets is devoted to the M Pickering House and grounds. The original house dates from 1651 and was M added to at various times until the present appearance, the result of an 1841 Gothic Revival remodelling, was achieved. The seventeenth century double gabled facade is still in evidence and much romanticized by nineteent ns, including projecting eaves and window cornices, "Gothic" roof pinnacles, and century additions, cutwork wooden balcony over the doorway: A fence and• stable, both in detailed Gothic Revival style, and an old English buckthorn ;0 hedge complete the grounds. of Broad St. contains three buildings, "all originally public 1r) The south side . Cemetery. The School Administration Building /I schools, and the Broad St and the Health Center (1856 and (1854, originally the Salem Normal School) a 1871, originally Salem High School) flanktheOliver school, a two-story, 0 hip roof Federal structure built in 1818 to house the Latin School. This any fine Federal period d(�tails in its facade, including blind 7- building has m 4^ .arcaded windows, applied wooden pilasters,.. a second story sandstone belt course, and a wooden modillioned cornice. Behind this building complex, the Broad St. Cemetery, dating as early as 1655, contains the tombs of many famous Salem citizens, including, Col.1:TiMothy,.,Pickering, Capt. Johnathan Haraden, Reverend Thomas Barnard, and,Jerethmiel Pierce. Street was laid out in 1796. its broad, eighty foot width makes Chestnut Stre streets in the district. The houses of , it e or the most Conspicuous ton of mansion Glass: Th@y are Chestnut St. are subtta"tjal Jh ti-420 and Of set close to or flush with the street and often have large rear grounds with gardens and, in many cases, period outbuildings. The prevailing style is Federal, with nineteen structures dating from the first three decades of the nineteenth century. This style is typified by the three-story, five- bay, brick or clapboard house with central entrance, shallow hip-roof, paired end chimnu-ys, and often including fine Adamesque detail in the door, trim. Exceptionally 'line mansions of this class are window and cornice 2 (1805, McIntire, arch.) , 19 nos. 8 (1805 and 1825-1830) ? 1-0 (1808) , 1 , 29 (1822, David Lord, (1805) , 26 (1826) , 27 (1819, Jabez Smith, bldr.)Itldr.) , and 39 (1605) . Variations bldr.) , 34 ('1824) , 37 (1816, Jabez Smith, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE .X69) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE '.k5 a$SdC NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTY Esser. oc- 2.INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM „ .-- FOR NPS USE ONL_ ENTRY NUMBER(Continuation ShccQ7 . Description Chestnut St. Dist. of the Federal vernacular exist in the double houses at nos. 2and 4, 21 and 23, 41 and 43, and in the triple house row at nos. 31-35. . Hamilton Hall (1805, McIntire) is perhaps the best known Federal structure on Chestnut St. and is an N11L.. The remaining thirteen houses on this street comprise various styles: seven are Greek Revival, four are Italianate, and two are Colonial .Revival. The /r Greek Revival Lee Mansion (n(?. 14, 1835) , with its monumental Ionic pilar- tersframing a flush board temple front, is one of the most visually impres- sive houses in the district. A double brick house at nos. 38-40 (1846) I with triple sash parlor windows and Ionic porticoes, is a simple but elegant late Greek Revival building. Also on Chestnut St. , at nos. 30 and 48, are an 1896 Colonial Revival interpretation of the Pierce-Nichols House and a 1909 replica of the Georgian-style Derby House. Essex Street was known as the "Great Street leading through town" before it received its present name in 1796. Like Chestnut St. it is wide, and though not as homogeneous or consistent in its architecture as the latter street, its buildings span a much greater time period and include very important structures from the seventeenth through the nineteenth centuries. f • On the N.W. corner of Essex and summer Streets is the 'Witch House; built before 1674 and restored after WW II. It is a large wooden house exhibiting many of the characteristics of seventeenth century New England architecture: triple-gabled facade with framed overhangsin the second and third stories, decorative pendant drops, diamond mullioned casements, and a cluster column central chimney. The mid-eighteenth century houses of Essex St. are typical of the substan- tial homes of Salem's pre-Revolutionary merchants and sea captains. They are most often clapboarded, five-bay wide, gambrel roof buildings with ) large central or paired end chimneys. At no. 365, the Joseph Cabot House! (c. 1748) has a finely detailed wooden facade with a pilastered and pedi- mented front entrance, dentil cornice, pedimented and segmental dormer caps, and rusticated wooden quoins framing the facade. The Ropes Mansion . (1719) , at no. 318, is another of the large, gambrel roof mansions on this street and has an old-fashioned garden in the roar grounds, Other important eighteenth century houses of this type are nos. 374 (n.d.) , 358 (c. 1750) , and 312 (n.d.) . Federal mansions of a scale and elegance equal to those of Chestnut St. appear at no. 328 Essex St. (c. 1805) which also has one of the finest sur- -t viving Federal carriage houses in Salem; and at no. +380, the Joseph Sprague I .Dose (1607, McIntire arch.) , a brick structure with flared window lintels, a delicate Ionic portico, and an original surviving roof balustrade. This • house also retains a period stable. Nos. 346, 361,; 364, and 358 are :all substantial houses designed in the Federal style. At no. 391, Eatonts i 1 6.P0 921.724 • �1 � II t ,.:.00u UNITED ST ANATIONALRTMENT OF PARKS RV CCE INTERIOR STATE ,q69) Massachusetts NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES `pUN TY Essex INVENTORY • NOMINATION FORM FOR NPs use otnr ENTRY NUPADC UATE (Continuation SFICcI) 1 Page 3.. -_..... �- - (N Um Der ell en nlee) 7 . Description -- Chestnut St. :Dist ... , _. p Drug store is a two story pitched roof building, dating from 1826 enc; built of brick with stone lintels. Esse: St. also contains the best nineteenth century structures in tits district. At no. 316 is the granite Gothic style First Church (1835-1f'36. G. J. F. Bryant, arch. ) . The Public Library, completed in 1855 from.designs � } I Of tam C. Foster is at no. 370. A group of imposing and highly ornamented ecclectic revival hares of the second half of the nineteenth century are: the American Legion Building, no. 329; the double houses at nos. 331--333 and 350-352; and the single dwellings at nos. 348, 355, and 360. The Salem Athenaeum, a 1906 Federal Revival building, and the Late Gothic Revival style Grace Church (1926) are two of the latest structures on the street. ;I Federal Street, laid out in 1766, is predominantly built up with late eighteenth and early nineteenth century structures. Like other major streets in the district, Federal St. contains many houses of generous Proportions , and fine architectural detail. Three prominant houses on this street were 1 designed by Samuel McIntire. The Pierce-Nichols House (1780) at no. 80 is an'NHL; the Assembly House (1782 and 1796) at no.138, is two stories, divid- ed by a mid-level course which supports its most notable feature, paired • Ionic pilasters capped with a broad pediment; the Cook-Oliver House (1802- 1803) at no. 142, has a delicately detailed Adamesque facade, original McIntire carved fence, and old gardens with fruit trees, boxwood, flowers, and a grapery. The streets running north and south are narrower and shorter than the, main streets, and their architectureis generally more modest; but they are remarkable for their consistent display of seventeenth, eighteenth, and F nineteenthcentury building styles, with very few- modern building intru- sions. Notable houses on these streets are no. 5 Carpenter St. (c. 1807) , a three-story brick Federal mansion with its original fence; no. 14 Beckford St. (n.d.) , a well-preserved seventeenth century house-with a prominent central chimney; no. 1 Cambridge St. (n.d.) , with eighteenth cen.- fury panelling and McIntire type mantels; and, no. 14 Cambridge St. (1806- 1807) , designed by McIntire and retainin3all its original exterior details intact. a • I GPO 921.724 e , • I I • '1T 11TL �:,-- - 0.?GJo UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,. TEJSaehUDetts I IYO91 NATIONAL PARK SERVIC11 I NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTY Essex. 1 _ INVENTORY . NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONI-Y ENTHY NUMIILR DATE (Continuation Sheet) 7. Description chestnut St. Dist. Page 4. 1 The Chestnut St. District includes the property bounded and defined in tho Ll�l l�,wit,i1 Ltnf ntei t . intersection of the midline of Summer St. and the extend- Starting atthe • I t line of the Broad St. cemetery: iny Federal Thence running northerly along the midline of Sumner St. , cross ed southern lo St. ; nes Of properties fronting on Thence running westerly along the back lot li the north side of Federal St. to no. 102FederalSt. ; , ong- the western lot line of no. 102 Federal St. Thence running southerly alt to the northern lot line of no. 28 Bh�knorthern lot line of no. 28 Beckford St. Thence running westerly .along [ crossing Beckford St. , and following the back lot d to he the properties fronting on the north side of Andover St. , extended to the midline ex Lynn n o Thence running southerly along the midline of Lynn St. to the extension of the common lot line between nos 3 and: 7 . Lynn St. ; Thence running westerly along said common lot line to the back lot line o no: 7yn Ln St. ; Thence running northerly along the back lot. lines of nos. 7 and 9 Lynn'St: and touching the back lot line of nos. 128-130 Federal St. ; Thence running westerly along the back lot line of nos. 128-130 Federal St. to the westerly lot line of said property; Thence running southerly along the western lot line of nos. 128-130 Federal St. to the northern lot line of no. 8 Carpenter St. ; Thence running westerly along the northern long lot line of n linecofpnote5 St, crossing Carpenter o. St. , and continuing Carpenter St. , and following the back lot lines of the properties fronting on the north side of Federal St. , extended to the midline of Flint St. ; Thence running southerly. along the midline of Flint St. Eo the midline of Essex St. ; idline of Essex St. to the western lot Thence running westerly along the m line no. 391 Essex St. , extended; Thence running southerly along the western lot line of no. 391 Essex St. hnd continuing along the back lot lines, of houses facing on the west side of Flint St. , extended to the midline of arren St. ; Thence running easterly along the midline of Waxen St. to the midline of Pickering St. ; g the midline of Pickering St. tp the mid- Thon9F Yi-i'n'-n.in`7 southerly.algn line of Broad St. ; Thence running easterly along the midline of Broad St. to the extension of the midline of Winthrop St. ; Ti:ence running southerly along the midline of Winthrop St. to the exten- sion of the southern boundary of the Broad St. Cemetery; ong said boundary, extended to the midline of Thence running easterly al • I Sumner St. , the point of beginning: I GPO 921.926 I SI.:KI FICA;:CE PERIOD (Cheek On. or Al.,.ne Apprnp hdt,) • ❑ Pro-Columh{onl ❑ 161h Century 'y1 181h{entury S�j 70th Century a ❑ 15th Crnlury EI 1711, Century 6{) 1914 Century SpEurlc nn Tti LSI Ol npplir nblu nJ 1,n omn).r F 1 JRQ9 -1Q_3 P- -- .. - AREA, OF S I GN IF I CAN CE (Check One or Aiu re ne App,oPdote) Abor 1p b,al kJ Educp lion LY.1 Political ❑ UrLon P{mminp ❑ Pmhiz toric ❑ Engineering Y. Heli Other 5 y) I I ,ion/Phi. I.1 f peau l=1 III•tntb [_J IIW V.❑1' loa uphy ❑ Acricullu.e ❑ Invention American Tyo1u1_i Gil I M A,chitcclum Londscape [y',] $culplme C� AN Archirn cturo ❑ Socio l/I(unan- Lay Comme,Ca ' ' -1] Li mra turn it Prian ❑ Communications Military a Theolef zz • .. - ❑ Con servotioh - ...� Musi< . . ❑ Tronsporlution --. . STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Chestnut St. District is one of the finest architectural districts in America as well as a monument to the mercantile and maritime: ascendency of Salem in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Of surpassing N importance are the range, quality, and number of houses that have sur- vived. ,Within its bounds are significant domestic examples spanning two hundred fifty years of American architectural design. H The earliest houses in the district are the Pickering House (1651) and the U "Witch House" (c. 1674) . The Pickering House, built by John Pickering, = and occupied by ten generations of the Pickering family, is one of the . oldest buildings in continuous family ownership in the United States. Col. Timothy Pickering was a national figure in the early days of the Republic, ' serving as Secretary of State and Secretary of War under Wash- �+ ington, and Secretary of State and Secretary of the Navy under John.Adams. 1 `` ',' Z His son, John, was a noted scholar, Ambassador to Portugal, and one of the principal developers of Salem in the Federal period. .At the other end of the district_, the "Witch House" is- a. restored example of a seven- LU teenth century New England 'a Great House". It was owned during the Salem UJ Witch Hysteria by one of the infamous trial judges, Johnathan Corwin, and is now administered as an historic house museum by the Salem Park Dept. The money that built the substantial houses and mansions of the succeeding I,T; decades was the product of Salem's maritime trade, with the West Indies in the eighteenth century, and with the East Indies, China, and the Pacific Coast of North America from the. 1780's through the 1850's. By the time Salem's maritime primacy had declined (due to ever-increasing vessel sizes and the shallow Salem harbor) , the commercial and cultural exp4nsion which the port had undergone in the previous one hundred fifty years left a lasting impression in the form of architecture. It is the styles from this greatest period of architectural development, the Georgian, Federal, and Adamesque Federal modes; which predominate and establish the area's character. A fihe TY.&LIJiu Of �Salcm19 C-1-orgin "1rchitcletli E is Llic J0 Gph Cf013f, flmise (c. 1748) at no. 365 Essex St. , possibly designed by an Englishman, and at one time the home of Wm. C. Endicott, Secretary of War under Cleveland. The Ropes Mansion (1719) at no. 318 Essex St. was once the home of the prominent Tory, Judge Ropes. It was 'one of the first colonial house museums in the country when it was opened to the public in 1907. The UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT Of THE INTERIOR STATE - I ,•769) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE f NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTY Esser. INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM • FOR NPS USE ONLY ( 4I (Continuation Sheol) ENTRY NUMBER DRTE (Num bot eli anld es) ( S. Significance Chestnut St. Dist. Page 2. ; I Cabot and Ropes Houses epitomize the Georgian influence on Salem's pre- revolutionary architecture and are the finest examples of the two-story.plus gambrel roof house, which type exists in over fifty examples in the district. After the Revolution, Salem's merchants made this community the most impor- tant American port in the newly initiated Far East trade. The fantastic wealth accruing from this trade spurred a period of unprecedented development lasting over forty years. During this time a number of master builders created the sophisticated Federal masterpieces that recall the domestic works j of Bulfinch in Boston, and influenced architecture of the period throughout I New England. The coming together of merchant and artisan to produce these i buildings represents one ,of the first major instances in America of the artist- I patron relationship as it had existed in Europe since the Renaissance. This J union of commerce and art signalled the beginning of the end of America's ff provincial aesthetic: Perley Putnam, Jabez Smith, and David Lord were the master builders working in the .salem district at this time; but the finest productions were those of the master builder, carver and architect, Samuel McIntire (1757-1811) . Between 1782 and 1811 he created a series of great residences and public buildings, often ornamented on the interior and exter- ior with his masterful carving, and many of which remain in the Chestnut St. • District. Chestnut St. , itself, is the finest street in the district and possibly the best Federal period street in America. McIntire designed two building here, Hamilton Hall (1805-1807) , an NHL, and the Hodges douse (1805) at no. 12, but the fine detailing and consistency of excellent design in the remaining { seventeen (17) Federal period houses on this street leaves little doubt than {i they are the work of master builders, as well. Chestnut Street's broad, elm-bordered layout enhances its architectural character and speaks for the importance of the Salem citizens who lived there. . City mayors, General Court representatives, Congressmen, diplomats, literati, and rich.merchants were among the street's residents. Specific notables included: the Saltonstalls, { Nathaniel, the first mayor of Salem and a U.S. Congressman, and Leverett, F (nos. 43 and 41) ; Nathaniel Silsbee, noted merchant, U.S. Congressman, and { Senator, (no.31) ; Stephen H. Phillips, Sec. of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Hawaii, (no. 17) , Elizabeth Elkins Sanders, poetess, (no. .39) ; and tt Nathgnifll H4wthornQ1 the fPTOQP§ Seem author, (no, 18) , All of Chestnut St..: f is a local historic district. Esser. and Federal Streets were also fashionable and built up with fine Federal period mansions. McIntire's Pierce-Nichols House (1782) on Federal St. , was his f`rst domestic commission. .It is now an NHL. Dating from the same year -I 1 (1782) , but remodelled by �Ic;:ntire. as a residence in 1796, is the Assembly House. While a meeting hall, both 'washington and Lafayette were entertained • Ihere. In the 1796 remodelling, McIntire used matched boarding for the facade, and so employed a common Greek Revival sheathing mode thirty years before it .came into general use. In all, ten houses in the district have been attribu- ted to :cIntire, and many more show his influence. . (I GPO 921.726 .3000 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE 169) NATIONAL PARK SERVICL MassaChUSetts NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTY Esser. • INVENTORY • NOMINATION FORM FOR NPs USE ONLY i ENTRY NUTAULN DATE (Continuation Sheet (Nlrm{IOf all en blas) 8• Significance Chestnut St. Dist. Page 3. The Chestnut St. District also contains significant structures of the later ni:nnteant}h and ca7'IY cwencieth aaliLUri"- The P'irnt unitnri-an Glnirch (1833- 1836) at no. 316 Essex St. was designed by the prolific Boston architect, Gridley Bryant, and belongs to a wholly New England idiom with its large I �, granite ashlar walls and giganticized Gothic detailing confined to a rigor- . ously symmetrical plan. The building was originally built for the North Church and the grounds contain the remains of the eighteenth century Bowditch house garden. The Public Library (1855) , designed by Joseph C. Poster and i originally built as a residence, is the finest example of early Italianate architecture in the district. Its sculptural quality is created through the contrast of smooth pressed brick walls and carved brownstone trim. Of equal importance are a series of Italianate houses on Essex St. , nos. 329, 331-333, r 355, 360, and 396, dating from the 1870's. They are reminiscent of late j eighteenth century Salem architecture in their four-square and symmetrical !. compositions, and in the use of such Georgian motifs as hipped roofs, pediment- ed and segmental window caps on facades and dormers, pilastered and pedimented i entrances, as well as dentils in window and roof cornices. The American [rr Legion Post at no. 329 ,Essex St. is an example which, though definitely Victorian-Italianate, draws its inspiration from the Pierce-Nichols House. These houses are some of the earliest examples in the country to show I • stylistic interest in the eighteenth century and are precursors of the Colonial Revival styles of the 1880-1910 period. . 4 t I r I ✓ F � L i 1 E i f i " r I GPO 927.724 � 1 ' 1 is D 13LIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES •t} ' Batchellor, The Salem of Hawthorne's Time, Salem, 1887. 5ernard Farber, Guardirhis of Virtue, Salem Families in 1800, N.Y. , 1972. • Albert B. }tart, Commonwealth History of Massachusetts, N.Y. , 1930. ° D. H. Hurd, 111story or Es;scx County, Philadelphia, 1888. Fiske Kimball, Domestic Architecture of the American Colonies and the Early Republic, 12.Y. , 1922 . Mr. Samuel McIntire, Carver, The Architect of Salem, Gloucester, Alass. , 1966. Sidney Perley, The History of Salem, Massachusetts, private printing, 1922. i 1D. GEOGR.4PHICAL_DAT A LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES ' LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATFS -{I DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY 0 DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PROPERTY R OF LESS THAN TF:N ACRES CORNER LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONGITUDE Dogtecs Minutes Seconds Dj"es Mires SeFads Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds _ NW 42 e '31 ' 30 . , lel o o NE 42 e 31 ' 30 ' 70e 53, 56. ' SE 47 e 37� 03 - 700 53. 56. Sw a? 0 3I . 03 . 70e 54. 20. APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: 45 . l/ !LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE: CODE COUNTY CODE ' M m STATE: 1 CODE 'COUNTY: CODE \ G STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE 7... •. N { • STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE -I 1;. FORM PREPARED BY C NAME AND TITLE: " Alexander Cassie, Consultant for Elizabeth R. Amadon, State Survey Director n ORGANIZATION DATE I Massachusetts Historical Commiss-ion (617) 727-8470 March 18, 1971 -. STREET AND NUMBER: - - O 40.Beacon Street Z CITY OR TOWN: STATE - - CODE N Boston 02108 - ' Massachusetts 025 12.- STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICA IION NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION As the designated State Liaison Officer for the No- tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966(Public Law I hereby certify that this property is included in the 89-665), 1 herebyno inale this National Register. rrl property for inclusion ie t6d N ilionfll RcItkitif find ot:rlity tha( it hs$ peen J evaluatedaccordingto the critpfia Ono procedures set _ forth by the National Park Service. The recommended level of significance of this Rumination is: Chief, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation National 17C; Stale E) Local Q._ _.. -. � Date Name \!� �i i\� � 1 � -L/1-,1.....� e i1] CSL i Secreta of the Commonwealth and -• - - - • Title Chairman of the Massachusetts 'I:-. :I• ,..I Historical Commission - ., . Keeper of The Notional Register Date June '27, 1973 Late ) — I 1 , 1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ,A NA110NAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM (Type all entries - attach to or en close with photograph) 'IJN ANO/ON HISTORIC NUMCRIC CODE (Aeelgnnd 4y NPS) I Chestnut Street same - 2. LOCATION i STATE COUNTY TOWN 9 Massachusetts Esser. Salem ; 1H TEI ANU NUMIICR Chestnut Street, Nos. 31-35;, 37, 39, and 41 3. PHOTO REFERENCE - PHOiO CREDIT GATE NEGATIVE FILED AT An Wardwell 1969 Mass. Historical Commission 40 Beacon St Boston Ma C. IDENTIFICATION - DESCRIBE VIEW. DIRECTION, ETC fl II Chestnut Street, South side I View west showing Nos. 33,-35, 37, 39 and 41. 1 _ _• ___.. _ - G P 0 932-009 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FORM 10.301 A NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 6/721 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM _ (Type all entries -attach to or enclose with photograph) 1. NAME - COMMON AND/Oft HISTORIC NUMERIC CODE (Aeelgned 6y NPS) 6 Chestnut Street same 'I 2. LOCATION e STATE COUNTY TOWN Salem Essex - Salem - STREET AND NUMBER Chestnut St;-eet, Nos. 10, 12, and 14. I ! PHOTO CREDIT DATE NEGATIVE FILED Al ;. Mass. Historical Commission Anne Wardwell - 1969 40 Beacon St. , Boston Ma. <. IDEk TI rICAI ISN DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION. ETC. Chestnut Street, North side V' east showing Nos. 10, 12, and 14. 1 7� it;rTr1� f i1L 1 i i IL 1 17 ._.. Writ 4.' +33 nrlf'nI/ 1 I1n'.> ✓• � /J:'.d 1i •. {. [►`L, V 1. Yf✓ �r C,Y.y'. .r•11 �1n4J r_ �..f 1' � ' ` f !.�• (jy�j1 \`,y,`i } 1� 1u 1y ►i to 'i•/moi � I15 :. �� r '. .' v r r a /r�� .. � 14'�♦ / r � �t Ji � \ LSA GL a ,!./// ,dI'�r!^ ^,l..tr•Y1 " { Y '�i��.aw.ei�t: I � T'i ` ;.��.ti'•��f //; t l M' 1 fMr � ♦0 111��..."11.. � `� ' I jet' iia 71 `, \\v � ,pp�' `r� . ��fry ��r ^` ••',! '� a;' r.� \�`, ,, ! ;\tY / t`1 {lffk••��:t~ � � � i � �� \�� ' • ' ,�/ar `� � u``� T� z • <'�.1` ..7•: 'f/ k,f�[ I r � T 1.':.,ij �`�+�"� I � � �SJ'.r/rM7a•,�,w..ini{•;.�.'.• ` ' ��' , \. R�/�y�''` I.•C\'. 1 00 1 110 11 1. ,r^r--•, . f /( � .l •F;F' �,�Lll f, ' ex-, {r,Cr'";�.,�r I ,�,+/ r' f,le•�,�,3' �, I'Lf. ' .; , U 1'. ::..•m+a.rY. �t �+U,+)�� %i� 4�l ,1�A�f '� / +'rA�l`7,� i I+ ' � � ��I� E *"'�..� �„\ � �S`�r�4 Fj► • �� w��'t dtr .w l;� of �' � • r� ••,� � '1 FIS ! � ' . �r�a � �f,�� i;�,,; � ��,,t'r.� . �,. t j' I � r i ' � I C��. •"'.'��..'M. �' ' 71 ? • �� i um i�u JlMlta ln�l'nnlmLnl Vr' InC INICnI UIf' `.�� I NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM (Type all entries - nttnch to or enclose will, rnnp) E MON AND/OR HIYTONIC • NUMERIC CODE (AorpOed by NPS) Chet stnuStreet District Same TLOCATION STATE COUNTY TOWN Massachusetts Essex County STREET D M E Salem 3. MAP REFERENCE s0uRcc U.S.G.S. 7- 1 DATE SCALE Quadrangle Map Salem 1970 1:24,000 REQUIREMENTS; PROPERTY OOUNDARIES, WHERE REQUIRED, AND NORTH ARROW I I _ GPO 932.010 Form 10.3'01 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR •July 1968) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM (Type all entries -Attach to or enclose with map) 1. NAME COMMON AND/OR HISTORIC ` ChestNUMERIC CODE (Aaa/g nut Street District Same .npd b7 NPS) 2. LOCATION STATE- COUNTY f Massachusetts Essex TOWN - Salem STREET AND NUMBER 3. MAP REFERENCE Salem Planimetric Survey. DATE SCALE 1965 1:1200 REQUIREMENTS: PROPERTY D OUNDARIES, WHERE REQUIRED, AND NORTH ARROW GPO 932.010 r-, 7. { tt Pl r I I - t POI'1l 1 � t�Goll cou'se LOI11Y Tuck IIARI30I2 BODY _ 010 107 \� �� SuGsta't - Fo< P \\ Park ,31K0 00^ - CHESTNUT STREET DI5TRI HelIat;, alemo .Lt a _ a w 5 .C) Ttti', al SALEM •'y ` r/` FI 0 \111i-IIs t J Kt aril - . Hal N r r r 1i rt Ider iit k / ,•n -- 1'� , tf ( IIISM IC$rLQ.S� N 1, lat. N"ia ° 42 31'.73.6'' a:' ❑ �\ ., s 09 NTE 42 31'235 -- , - f .i 1 , 'r• .� ` t`, - SE 42°-31' 03n rJt�l,��l 1� ' •iir -� glrurl' 1 S[\ 4..° 31 03 long. / r ;Lo'nBPt Q ./. N 70" 54' 20" NE 700 53' 56" ! - r r i] Prrlrifrr SE 70° 53' ° i s la 2 e ..M1 Co't• . S6 '.s Sri700 r - '! / F r^' .•:Palmer t S 70 54 20" Fom.f Rw sr-, �\. , .• �. . VIA .].11 �z n No. 10-300 .1p-T 41 UNITT.IiSTATES DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR FOR NPSUSEONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE [ATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES RECEIVE INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE tNTERED, SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HO W TO COMPLETE NA TIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS ®NAME � HISTORIC Chestnut street Historic District (Enlarged) AND/OR COMMON Chestnut Street Historic District (Enlarged) r ®LOCATION approximate boundaries: Broad, warren, Flint, River, and summer Streets f STREET&NUMBER _NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY,TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Salem _.VICINITY OF STATE CODE COUNTY CODE Massachusetts 025 Essex 009 ®CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE E xDISTRICT _PUBLIC :i-OCCUPIED —AGRICULTURE __MUSEUM _BUILDINGIS) xPRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED —COMMERCIAL —PARK - _STRUCTURE _BOTH _WORK IN PROGRESS _EDUCATIONAL XPRIVATE RESIDENCE _SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT _RELIGIOUS _OBJECT _IN PROCESS —YES: RESTRICTED _GOVERNMENT _SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED —YES:UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION _NO _MILITARY —OTHER: DOWNER OF PROPERTY NAME Multiple (see continuation sheet) STREET&NUMBER CITY.TOWN STATE _ VICINITY OF I ®LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION r COURTHOUSE. i REGISTRY OF DEEDS;ETC. Essex County Registry of Deeds j 1 STREET&NUMBER ' 32 Federal Street CITY.TOWN STATE i Salem Massachusetts 13 t REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE Historic American Buildings Survey Inventory of Historic Assets of the Commonwealth DATE 1938, / 1967 XFEDERAL XSTATE _COUNTY _LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR Libraryof Congress SURVEY RECORDS Massachusetts Historical Commission CITY.TOWN Washington, D.C. STATE n a+ n Massachusetts n� DESCRIPTION , CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE —EXCELLENT —DETERIORATED _UNALTERED _ORIGINALSITE —GOOD _RUINS —ALTERED _MOVED DATE _FAIR _UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL IIF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE Ebr a description of' the existing district see the original nomination. I iI f f 1 i . I r SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE-- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW —PREHISTORIC —ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC X X COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE _RELIGION —1400-1499 ARCH EOLOGY-HISTORIC _CONSERVATION _LAW _SCIENCE _1500-1599 —AGRICULTURE _ECONOMICS - _LITERATURE _SCULPTURE X x1600-1699 —ARCHITECTURE _EDUCATION _MILITARY —SOCIAUHUMANITARIAN X X—1700-1799 SRT _ENGINEERING _MUSIC _THEATER —1800-7899 _COMMERCE —EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT ._PHILOSOPHY _TRANSPORTATION —1900- _COMMUNICATIONS _INDUSTRY XPOUTI CS/GOVERNMENT —OTHER(SPECIFY) —INVENTION SPECIFIC DATES BUILDER/ARCHITECT STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE For a statement of the significance of the existing district see the original nomination. i I i MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Batchellor, The Salem of Hawthorne's Time, Salem, 1887. i Farber, Bernard, Guardians o Virtue, Salem Families in 1800, N.Y. , 1972. i Hart, Albert B. , Commonwealth History of Massachusetts, N.Y. , 1930. j Hurd, D.H. , History of Essex County, Philadelphia, 1886. Kimball, Fiske, Domestic Architecture of the Americal Colonies and the Early Republic, N.Y. , 1922. Perley, Sidney, The History of Salem, Massachusetts, private printing, 1928. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY Approx. 2;5 acres UTM REFERENCES ALLLgj I.314, 11412f o1 [412ja 9121 2t j BLL,_gj I aL 41 4I O1 2 14, 71 n1 9I 41 R,-0 I ZONE EASTING NORTHING ZONE EASTING NORTHING C1 9 131414 1016101 141710 rRI811101, D� I'tj413Ls171nj I d 171 n 1 A 17171 nI VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION Starting at the intersection of the midline of Summer St. and the extended southern lot line of the Broad St. Cemetery: Thence running northerly along the midline of Summer St. , crossing Federal St. ; Thence running westerly along the back lot lines of properties fronting on the north side of Federal St. to #102 Federal St. ; Thence running northerly along the eastern lot line of #30-32 Beckford St. to the northern lot line of #30-32 Beckford, continued _ LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE CODE COUNTY CODE STATE CODE COUNTY CODE ®FORM PREPARED BY NAME/TITLE Joseph Orfant and Blaine Mallory, National Register Editor & Assistant (Jacob Wolfson, John H. Carr, Carol P. Carr, Historic Salem, Inc.) ORGANIZATION - DATE Massachusetts Historical Commission September 14, 1977 STREET& NUMBER TELEPHONE 294 Washington Street 617-727-8470 CITY OR TOWN STATE Boston Massachusetts 02108 ®STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OFTHIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS: NATIONAL_ STATE_ LOCAL_ As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665). I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. 1 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE TITLEExecutive Director, Mass. Histori 1 Commission DATE FOR NPS USE ONLY G `. - HEREBY CERTIFY`THAT THIS'.PROPERTY IS INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER. , DATE DIRECTOR,OFFICE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION ATTEST: DATE '.KEEPER OFTHE:NATIONALREGISTER GPO 892.453 i Form I�oJ 10-300a IReV 10-741 UNITED STATES DEPART Ib1ENT OF I HE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED Chestnut Street CONTINUATION SHEET Historic DistrictITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE I (addition) The addition to the Chestnut Street Historic District is comprised of 23 2-22 story houses from the mid and late 18th c. and early 19th c. Architecturally, the houses are more modest examples of the higher styled Georgian, Federal, and Greek Revival properties found elsewhere in the district. The three street area (River, Lynn, and Beckford Streets) is characterized by small house lots and consequent high density. Open space is limited to small yards to the rear of the houses. The addition is surrounded to the south by the existing historic district; to the north by Bridge Street, a major right of way and a railroad right of way; to the east by the historic district and an industrial area; and to the west by the district and a commercial area. River Street was a way as early as 1739, and the area was known as Cape Driver. By 1796 the way was known as River Street. At this time the North River came to the foot of the street. Lynn Street existed in 1796, and the number of pre-Federal period homes indicates that it is older. Retaining walls in some rear yards suggest that the land sloped off quickly to the banks of the now partially filled North River (Bridge Street and RR right of way) . The single property on Beckford Street, excluded from the original nomination, 30-32 Beckford Street (1) , is a 2 story, five bay, center entry Federal period house sheathed in clapboards. Original features, such as the center entry with fanlight and triangular pediment, remain. A bracketed hood and oriel are mid-19th c. additions. The "ranch" blinds date from the 20th c. 2 River Street (2) is a five bay center entry 212 story house and has a gambrel roof with pedimented dormers and two interior chimneys. Its exact date has not been determined. Just southwest, 3 River Street (4) was built about 1840 and is a 212 story, three bay wide, five bay deep Greek Revival style house. The gable end faces the street, and the entrance is in the center bay of the east elevation. The house is clapboarded and has narrow cornerboards and a wide entablature. 11 River Street (8) is a simple two bay wide, four bay deep, 2 story ridge roofed house. The gable faces the street, and the entrance is in the first bay of the west facade. Fenestration is 6/6, and the house is covered with wide composition siding. Other homes in the area are of a similar form, but may substitute a gambrel roof { for the ridge roof. Just across the street, 8 River Street (7) is later but similar in form. 14 River Street (11) is an unusual 18th c. house. This 2' story house has a two bay wide facade with an entrance in the western end of the facade. Two halves of the ridge roof have different slopes; the rear portion is a gentler angle, and the effect is similar to a saltbox. The house immediately to the west, 16 River Street Form No UD-300a (Rev 10'74) i UNITED STATES DEPART NI ENT VE IHE IN]LRIUR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED I Chestnut Street Historic District CONTI NUATION SHEET ..Mi t,r,., ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE ? (13) is a real saltbox. The facade of this two story house is also two bays wide, although the windows of the second floor are not on line with those of the first. The entrance is housed in a Beverly jog attached to the east elevation. 15 River Street (12) is a two story gambrel roofed house, perpendicular to the street. To the rear stands 15'2 River Street (14) . This is a five bav wide, 2 story ridge roofed center entry believed to have been built in the 18th c. 18 River Street is a 2 story, five bay center entry with a ridge roof and Beverlv jogs on either side. 19 River Street is a 2- story, two bay wide house with gable end to the street, built in the narrow space between 17-172 River Street and 12 Lynn Street. 12 Lynn Street (20) is a five bay wide, 2 story, gambrel roofed house with central chimney, enclosed porch, and a two story shed roofed wing to the rear. Just across Lynn Street, 13 Lynn Street (17) is a 3 story ridge roofed multi-unit building of undetermined age. It is covered with two toned aluminum siding. 9 Lvnn Street (21) is another -2 story, five bay wide, gambrel roofed house. There is a triangular pediment over the center entry and an ell to the rear. 7 Lynn Street is a two, story ridge roofed house with a three bay wide facade. There is a large addition to the rear. The house is covered with white aluminum siding. Most of the district houses are covered with clapboards or wooden shingles, although there is some asphalt and aluminum siding. Y t I i 1F I I I I f Form No. 10-300a ' (Rev.1,0274) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES DATE ENTERED INVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM Chestnut Street Historic District CONTINUATION SHEET addition ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 1 I The addition to the Chestnut Street Historic District is significant for its scale, architecture, archeological potential, associations, and relationship to the existing historic district. This area has changed little since the early 19th c. The 16' wide streets and closely packed houses create an area of unique scale and character. Architecturally, the houses are less imposing and more informal than the more prominent high style examples in the existing district of which they are contemporaries. These are the houses of Salem's artisans, craftsmen, and small merchants, many of whom played important roles in Salem's history. 9 Lynn Street i (21) was built c. 1778 by Benjamin Goodhue, a delegate to the 1789 Congress. 7 River Street (6) was built by John Wright, a housewright and officer in the Revolu- tion, who was the builder responsible for the McIntire designed Old Customs House. While the moneyed and influential residents of Chestnut, Essex, and Federal Streets i were. directing and charting the affairs and economy of the city and nation, the residents of this area were the workers and tradesmen who serviced the others and I performed less glamorous tasks. The addition is an excellently preserved, cohesive streetscape. There are no gaps, the newer construction was accomplished in character and scale consistent with the existing stock. There are no intrusions. The expansion to the Chestnut Street District provides us an opportunity to recognize the archeological significance of the district. Archeological properties of the district are those features, artifacts and data which were created and deposited during the late 18th and early 19th c, the period which the district represents so well architecturally. Moranl has argued that this period was one of intellectual, as well as political and economic, change for the American settlers. He supports s his hypothesis with archeological evidence from his investigations at the Salem National Maritime Site and also cites James Deetz' investigations at Plimouth Planta- tion. The archeological resources of the Chestnut Street area provide an excellent data base with which to explore various economic, social and intellectual changes. These changes would be reflected in the lifeways and preferences of individuals occupying the houses of the district during the late 18th and early 19th c. The life- ways and preferences have shaped the archeological resources of that period to a , . large extent. Moran, G.P. 1976 "Trash Pits and Natural Rights in the Revolutionary Era", Historical Archaeology 29(3) : 192-202 i Form No. 10-300a (Rev.10-'741 UNITED STATES DEPARI HENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED i NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED I Chestnut Street Historic District CONTINUATION SHEET addition ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE Z f We should be able to infer these lifeways, preferences socio-economic conditions and intellectual changes through careful, .scientific investigation of the archeolo- gical resources. Since the area has not undergone much development since the relevant period, we can expect the archeological resources to be relatively undisturbed and potentially quite useable. i t f i E i 1 1 . Form No 10 3W IHev. 10 741 UN I I ED STATES DEPARI MEN1 OF I HL I NTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED CONTI NUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 10 PAGE 1 Verbal Boundary Description- Cont. Thence running westerly along the. rear (northern) lot lines of #2,4,6,8,12, 14,16,18 River St. to the western lot line of #18 River St. ; Thence running southerly to the midline of River St. ; Thence running westerly along the northern lot line of #13 Lynn St. to the rear (western) lot line of #13 Lynn St. Thence running southerly along the western lot lines of #13 & 11 Lynn St. to the northern lot line of #128-130 Federal St. ; Thence running westerly along the back lot lines of # 128-130 Federal St. to the westerly lot line of said property; Thence running southerly along the western lot line of #128-130 Federal St. to the northern lot line of #8 Carpenter St. ; Thence running westerly along the northern lot line of #8 Carpenter St., and continuing along the northern lot line of #5 Carpenter St. , and following the back lot lines of the properties fronting on the north side of Federal St. , extended to the midline of Flint St. ; Thence running southerly along the midline of Flint St, to the midline of Essex St. ; Thence running westerly along the midline of Essex St. to the western lot line of #391 Essex 'St. , extended; Thence running southerly along the western lot line of #391 Essex St. and continuing along the back lot lines of houses facing on the west side of Flint St. , extended to the midline of Warren St. ;. Thence running easterly along the midline of Warren St, to the midline of Pickering St. ; Thence running southerly along the midline of Pickering St. to the midline of Broad St. ; Thence running easterly along the midline of Broad St. to the extension of the midline of Winthrop St. ; Thence running southerly along the midline of Winthrop St, to the extension of the southern boudary of the Broad St. Cemetery; Thence running easterly along said boundary, extended to the midline of Summer St. , the point of beginning. i I Fovm No.�0 300. lkev 10-741 UNITED STA IESLIE PARTMEN IOFIIIEINIERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 4, PAGE I Property Owners and Key to Sketch Map : BUILDING OWNER & ADDRESS #l, 30-32 Beckford St. Universal Steel & Trading Co. , Inc. 299 Bridge St. , Salem, Mass. 01970 #2, 2 River St. Donald and Elizabeth Hunt Same address #3, 4 River St. Paul and Katherine Willis Same #4, 3 River St. John J. Gorczyca Same #5, 6 River St. Camella Hall Same #6, 7 River St. John H. and Carol P. Carr Same #7, 8 River St. Roger A. and Margaret C. Michaud 12 First St., Salem #8, 11 River St. Ann Knight Same Address #9, 12 River St. Francis Monahan Same #10, 13 River St. Margaret Hill Same #11, 14 River St. Anthony Pizzo Same #12, 15 River St. Arthur W. and Joan E. Dacy 9 Pioneer Circle, Salem #13, 16 River St. Alice McLaughlin Same #14, 15' River St. i Michael Levenson 14 Messervy Street Salem, MA. 01970 Form No. 10-800a (Hwl0 74) UNIIEUSIAIESULPARIMENI-01 IIIFIN-ILRIOIt FOR NIPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED CONTI NUATION SHEET - ITEM NUMBER 4 PAGE 2 Property Owners and Key to Sketch Map (cont.) : BUILDING OWNER & ADDRESS I ' #15, 17-175 River St. Allet Realty Trust, Robert Bramble Washington St., Marblehead, Mass. 01945 #16, 18 River St. Michael Kennedy Same address #17, 13 Lynn St. Grace M. Puleo Same #18, 11 Lynn St. Philip E. and Winora Forsberg Same It #19, 10 Lynn St. Edward D. Rasmusen j Same #20, 12 Lynn St. Walter and Ann Boise Same #21, 9 Lynn St. Timothy H. and Margaret Doggett Same f '#22, 7 Lynn St. Helen M. Hamilton Same I r 4 i i i _ f �•�r� C I��t'�t 4 t t 7 � Grp � e• �`+e•+...-.�^gym-.-r-.-m� yy 46 Y1`.t AL y } y r r 1 x3� � arc �•P.: F �"+.�� K. Ti aC6P' Ilse g e qpp# 1 = `tpi€a}ylk[�i P ` t i#6�kdf�t�}f£ li 9 ��tI3E�W. k S S t 1 1 fi IT T�trx� i as in lPill arz tv & N#F •�W4f �y �� ° "I e a ' .� ib• Al 1' ! 1♦ht�iifl4li � f r � v9 1 a � ii 5 Ya Y� �3 1 ••, '� ,i T i r S Y O i 4 l I r i•y4.; + •w — s y� rp yS .•� r �, �,� � ,= y .tet t Egg ,. � dP 'r •��i, � X11 ��'� .�^,�,�`� } � �� ,y,� � r•N- 11 +3F d 11111 Iwo, ,Iq 10",x .. 'Joe � r r rf •"�`��` 3+9'^-�rV`�r' ' � = x `' � ` t t,E t � �" �' S} y v.. Ali -yAS.i�-� ,^r-�, p.d ��wS.: ✓� ,; £; �{':Y ° fj•Op^�f �µ �Y j`�("•i' I iii .: +11 v„ �1(�Riy aT u411 a x'1 t 1 rlrl �� i t"¢l �1 d4d� 'll' IVAl5' eYs.yx n ., g�. s r ARLR- H�hK'e� (f/ t , .-`. �e �® W.MI I Chestnut tStreet Historic District Chestnut Street HistoEnlargemenric District Salem, Massachusetts Salem, Mass. December, 1975 December, 1975 Jacob S. Wolfson Jacob S. Wolfson Salem Historical Commission - Salem Historical Commission City Hall, Salem City Hall, Salem #1 #4 Facing north toward 2,4,6 River St. , Facing north toward 10 Lynn St. # #2,3,5. Chestnut Street Historic District Enlargement Salem, Mass. December, 1975 Chestnut Street Historic District Jacob S. Wolfson Enlargement Salem Historical Commission Salem, Mass. City Hall, Salem December, 1975 #2 Jacob S. Wolfson Facing west toward 7 River St. , #6 Salem Historical Commission City Hall, Salem #5 Facing west toward 7 Lynn St., #22. Chestnut Street Historic District. Enlargement Salem, Mass. December, 1975 Jacob S. Wolfson Chestnut Street Historic District Salem Historical CommissionEnlargement Salem, Massachusetts City Hall, Salem #3 December, 1975 Jacob S. Wolfson Facing north toward 4 & 2 River St. a Salem Historical Commission 30 Beckford St. , #3,2,1. City Hall, Salem . #6nn Street, #21. Facing west toward 9 Ly Chestnut Street Historic District (Enlargement) Salem, Massachusettsp¢j}f original Boundaries Existing District Addition --�"--`-�__—=______ pro RIDGEo ate _ - -;--- r^ s---"- o G. IT I ^ <Zp QZ1 7, 1211 S � � v � � b i = � I - IIS _ l—� � 13 ' C J + 4 •� � Chestnut Street Historic District (Enlargement) ZSalem, Massachusetts .\ t ✓� • Existing District z - / /J Original Boundaries d o•• ✓ Addition -} rf-� ~4: \ •j 57 �. 10 •� /�4 n •P r o.. + F 62 x22 it n f i/)' ! - ;..^ha •J,� I C.1^t!� IJ"-.' ii 2A ' 2,. (1n 121+� :r.a' ` Y • / , ( ..� Z G,:J° rL H rSa +:.'LJ �+. y'"••n \I� 1 ...1... 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Chestnut Street Historic � ��✓ � ! ?o � D , , � , / �� ` f \ District (and Enlargement) J y r / / ark H b Co�mmo Sale Fminal � v I.j' �/� v '��'" J � ��)��rD /%i � B.w 7 � 1 IP �.• \< � rf Salem, MassaC)lUSE'.tt5 .. y// ] �r� ��lc �`9 l�r . ✓ e+ a s UTM Coordinates: A 19/343 420/4709 220 \ 3B � \•^ rr `g � iyj."r o .--'. . Hoose of +f 2 \�o� �� \.o�',./� E$ C J j', ♦ °„ Seen Dables . B 19/344 020/4709 480 4709 C 19/344 080/4708 810 1 nl o I 1, A Wharf �" � l Cr. ��)�� ,� r � I o /., ��, ci� ��,�1 Y ■ r �� D 19/343 570/4708 770 fiLIgnt - Ir 1b1000 Ii• ' o{ttd �o�u Long Q' IF6 I 81E0T1Rt81t Ft Cove Pve a0 Palmer - '� 1708 c l � , > _'`< , �• ..ter ., � �� p t ( �- � � � u1�wd " �" /i � o C`v0�,� � ojlfo . 0� Im �� Z� �y �2 ��9x1�/�PReesedoY,r � . tPk cke4g � PtAyp7 °1 rA U 8 A!'-Thl�•'. �'i SCOLL E :.� �"'• -ter � ♦ / ! 'Q%��d- t` 5 ��\ �j �V�� ' Coursed ✓ .�. A ♦ a �O f r Oi..fA � � +� ,(�' Je6Bte y I lrr L`?� 129 Island y �J /sb' ��JI `Via4ni��1p �� t �. °• . FnaA - 1107000--N. C", IF r i1 r, IN) .341 LYNN Z5•Ml. 342 55 aq3 agg0o0mE ry EowO C. E. W.:ry o,ory o C-Tees rvs 42'30' ✓NW &OSTON 'CRY HALLI 12 Ml. c u MARBLEHEAO 2.1 1 70'5230° SWAMPSCOTT 2.3 Ml.�rea w ,24.000 LYNN 42 Mi. 11 1 MILE ROAD CLASSIFICATION 91a@ to 40DO 5000 6000 7000 FEET Heavy-duty._.. ..... Light duty.. _ _ -0 , I KILOMETER Medium-duty............ Unimproved lilt------ ti �, RVAL 10 FEET F oL Interstate Route U.S. Route O State Route i N' SEA LEVEL FEET—DATUM IS MEAN LOW WATER MASS. RSO%IMPTE LINE OF MEAN HIGH WATER / IS APPROXIMATELY 9 FEET � d SALEM, MASS. QUADRANGLE LOCATION N4230—W7052.5/7.5 NAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS SURVEY, WASHINGTON 25, D. C. - 1956 AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST AMS 6869 111 SW—SERIES V814 Chestnut Street Historic District (Enlargement) Salem, Massachusetts Original Boundaries Existing District Addition a E�IpGE o r--� >16; - . � .. ,7--rte „L--- r ,u u• Chestnut Street Historic District (Enlargement) Salem, Massachusetts Existing District , i original Boundaries / Addition •!''• "t �l ?ITI \`? t / // ,t/ t ,�':\��. <.n�M "' 1• JI bT )H 7q 7,.1 V �N,1' Roi- vA .: - [�! �'-1, \ .• l /•w O� i ^� n tT_ rr _•] Ii9 � U�- �•. �T I C7 \{�S i..1 L]�IS("'N ` y ,r 'y `t ... \ � i ^ ,:�� . I� /1 •••• •` ..0 .'. ^°\ ./"� F• (.�j,~�. 1.� ✓ ,leo ��° tTe� .. % 9� . . \\J y✓ •.1` ISO _�„ r•�*\♦ 4 �//l,�: �i�' ��• '• 1 rte_ 1 v //o. 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