116 Highland Avenue Unit A1 ZBA Final Decision
DOMINICK PANGALLO
MAYOR
CITY OF SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS
ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS
98 WASHINGTON STREET SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS 01970
TEL: 978-619-5685
October 22, 2025
Decision
City of Salem Zoning Board of Appeals
The petition of CYNTHIA NINA-SOTO at 116 HIGHLAND AVENUE UNIT A1 (Map 14, Lot 0105) (R1
Zoning District and Entry Corridor Overlay District) for a Variance per Section 4.1.1 Dimensional
Requirements and a Special Permit per Section 3.3.2(2) Nonconforming Uses of the Salem Zoning
Ordinance to convert a nonconforming mixed-use commercial office building with three (3)
dwelling units on the second floor to a nonconforming seven-family residential building with a
smaller first-floor commercial office space. The proposed Variance would decrease the lot area
per dwelling unit from 5,400 square feet to 2,316 square feet, where 15,000 square feet per
dwelling unit is required.
On October 15, 2025, the following members of the Salem Zoning Board of Appeals were present:
Nina Vyedin (Chair), Peter Habib, Christa McGaha, Stephen Larrick, and Ellen Simpson. Hannah
Osthoff was absent.
Statements of Fact:
The petition was date-stamped on September 15, 2025. The petitioner sought Zoning Board of
Appeals approval for a seven-family residential building with a smaller first-floor commercial
office space.
1. Cynthia Nina-Soto owns 116 Highland Avenue Unit A1.
2. Cynthia Nina-Soto was the petitioner.
3. Attorney Ryan Carlucci was the representative for Cynthia Nina-Soto. Attorney William F.
Quinn and Cynthia Nina-Soto presented on October 15, 2025.
4. 116 Highland Avenue Unit A1 is in the R1 Zoning District (Map 14, Lot 0105).
5. On October 15, 2025, Cynthia Nina-Soto stated that she owns 116 Highland Avenue,
formerly the Pediatric Associates Building. She added that they received permission from
the Board for three (3) second-floor residential units and a first-floor real estate office
when they purchased the property. She noted that the property had one (1) three-
bedroom unit and two (2) two-bedroom units on the second floor. Ms. Nina-Soto stated
that they required special permission to construct this because the property was in the
R1 Zoning District.
6. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that there has been almost no use of the office space since COVID-
19. She added that, considering Salem’s need for housing, they are coming before the
City of Salem Zoning Board of Appeals
October 22, 2025
Page 2 of 9
Board to build four (4) studio apartments and reduce the first-floor office space. Ms. Nina-
Soto stated that the apartments would be rented to traveling nurses and high school
paraprofessionals. She noted that the units would be naturally affordable because of the
building’s structure. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that they are looking to maximize the space
while creating the best use for Salem.
7. Chair Vyedin asked whether there would be any exterior changes. Ms. Nina-Soto stated
that there would be no exterior changes to the property. Chair Vyedin asked whether the
entire first floor is an office space. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that the entire first floor is an
office space.
8. Chair Vyedin asked to view the plot plan and the dimensional table. Chair Vyedin stated
that the property would remain the same and added that there is a large amount of
parking. She noted that the dwelling units would be different sizes and asked how large
they would be. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that the square-shaped block along Highland Avenue
is a three-bedroom unit. She added that the rectangular-shaped block away from
Highland Avenue contains two (2) two-bedroom units. She noted that they tried to
maximize the building’s livable space when they purchased the property.
9. Attorney William F. Quinn stated that 116 Highland Avenue Unit A1 was one of three (3)
buildings developed decades ago as part of a medical office park. He added that the three
(3) buildings share a driveway and a right-of-way extending further from Highland
Avenue. Mr. Quinn stated that the building was vacant when Ms. Nina-Soto purchased
the property in 2019 and added that it had been a pediatric practice. Mr. Quinn stated
that a January 2, 2019, Zoning Board decision permitted the change from a medical use
to a residential and office mixed use. He stated that Ms. Nina-Soto’s need for office space
has decreased, and the area’s demand for office space is soft.
10. Mr. Quinn stated that his client thought a good investment in the property would be to
keep it more fully occupied with a residential use. He added that the application would
add four (4) one-bedroom units in the rear of the building. Mr. Quinn noted that his client
would retain the front office space along Highland Avenue for her own use.
11. Mr. Quinn stated that they have twenty-seven (27) parking spaces and noted that they
need ten (10) fewer spaces than that. He added the parking plan assigned each residential
unit two (2) parking spaces, assigned the office space three (3) parking spaces, provided
seven (7) visitor spaces, and assigned two (2) handicap spaces near the building. Mr.
Quinn stated that these are legal, conforming, and existing spaces.
12. Mr. Quinn stated that they are requesting to change the nonconforming use as a first-
floor office with three (3) apartments to a smaller office space with seven (7) apartments.
He added that they are seeking relief from the lot area per dwelling unit calculations. Mr.
Quinn stated that the proposal has plenty of space and parking while fitting with the
owner’s plans.
13. Chair Vyedin asked the Applicant to show how the studios would operate. Ms. Nina-Soto
stated that they have apartment renderings to show for the Board.
14. The renderings showed existing photos of the property, the existing and proposed first-
floor plan, the scope of the proposed work, and the location of parking spaces for each
proposed unit.
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October 22, 2025
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15. Chair Vyedin asked how large each unit would be and how large the commercial space
would be. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that each unit would be a studio with the front door
opening on the driveway side of the property. She noted that the studios would be rented
fully furnished, with the bathrooms in the rear of the studios. Ms. Nina-Soto added that
the backside of the property has ledge. She stated that they would build a murphy bed
and kitchenette so that there would be living space when the bed is not used.
16. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that the renderings shown on Page 6 of the architectural plans
showed a view of the studio apartments looking towards the driveway. She added that
another view showed the property’s exterior after proposed changes. Ms. Nina-Soto
stated that the property would be the same, aside from doors added to access the units.
17. Staff Planner Brennan Postich stated that the Board’s policy is for petitioners to submit
materials a week before the hearing date. He added that any submissions received after
the period cannot be guaranteed to have enough time for Board review. Staff Planner
Postich noted that the renderings were not submitted in the application’s OpenGov portal
or via email. He stated that the Board had the right to decide that it did not have enough
time to substantively review the documents.
18. Mr. Habib stated that he believed the renderings did not have enough of an impact on
the decision and noted that it helped clarify the first-floor activity.
19. Mr. Larrick asked whether the property was in the Entry Corridor Overlay District (ECOD).
Mr. Quinn stated that the property was in the ECOD. Mr. Larrick stated that the renderings
were helpful and liked the idea of microunits as a housing type that the City does not
currently have a great supply of. He noted that the ECOD had a few requirements he
wanted the proposal to address.
20. Mr. Larrick stated that Section 8.2.5 Parking Areas of the Salem Zoning Ordinance requires
parking lots with more than twelve (12) spaces to provide landscaping. He added that
nothing in the file allowed him to determine that the Zoning Ordinance’s requirements
were being met. He noted that the application did not request relief for those
requirements. Mr. Larrick asked whether the Applicant had reviewed Section 8.2.5 of the
Salem Zoning Ordinance, requiring landscaping and tree planting amenities for parking
lots of a certain size with screening from the street.
21. Mr. Quinn stated that they are not requesting special relief from those requirements. He
noted that they would comply with those requirements. Mr. Quinn stated that he does
not have a landscaping plan and noted that none have been completed. Chair Vyedin
stated that the Board may require special conditions for a landscaping plan that fits the
Zoning Ordinance’s requirements. Mr. Quinn stated that they would submit a landscape
plan before receiving construction permits. He noted it would be up to the Building
Inspector to determine whether they comply with the Zoning Ordinance or need
additional relief.
22. Chair Vyedin stated that she would like the landscape plan provided beforehand to the
Board. She noted that the Board could add a special condition for the Building
Commissioner to review a landscaping plan before issuing a building permit because the
application seemed complete.
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October 22, 2025
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23. Building Commissioner Stavroula Orfanos stated that the proposal would require Site Plan
Review with the Planning Board because it would involve six (6) or more dwelling units.
Chair Vyedin stated that a site plan review would require the Planning Board to review
landscaping.
24. Mr. Larrick asked what the dimensions of the curb cut would be. Ms. Nina-Soto stated
that they would use the existing curb cut. Mr. Larrick stated that the Board should ensure
the proposal meets the twenty-four-foot (24’) maximum curb cut requirement in the
ECOD, given the property’s change in use. He noted that the curb cut was not indicated
in the plot plan. Mr. Larrick stated that this is an area they would want to be more
walkable, given the density increase and proximity to the high school. He noted that the
petitioner could improve upon that existing condition. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that they
could provide a twenty-four-foot (24’) curb cut.
25. Mr. Larrick stated that, having done a site visit and looking at Google Street View, the curb
cut looked like more than twenty-four feet (24’). Mr. Habib stated that the curb cut looked
like it was fifty-five feet (55’). Mr. Habib stated that adding additional curbing benefits the
design by adding plantings and improving the conditions on the street.
26. Chair Vyedin stated that she would not want to add more time reviewing this proposal by
requiring that the petitioner return to the Board. She added that a special condition would
be appropriate because another Board would review the proposal in a site plan.
27. Building Commissioner Orfanos asked whether there would be one means of egress for
the smaller dwelling units. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that there would be one (1) means of
egress and added that the entire building is sprinkled with fire prevention in between
each unit. She noted that the rear of the building abuts ledge that extends to the second
floor. Building Commissioner Orfanos stated that their architect should review whether
the requested design meets building code requirements.
28. Ms. Simpson stated that the proposal provides a nice design with housing that Salem does
not have enough of. She added that the laundry room at the end of the building was a
good use of space. Ms. Simpson noted that she would be okay with ensuring the
requirements of the ECOD are completed under Building Commissioner and staff review.
29. Mr. Habib asked whether the intended use at the end of the building would be a laundry
room. Ms. Nina-Soto stated that the extension is currently a vestibule entering into the
office space. She noted that there would be stackable washers and dryers so people
would not need to leave the building for laundry.
30. Mr. Habib asked what the space to the east of the drawing is used for. Ms. Nina-Soto
stated that there is a shed used for storage for the three (3) second-floor units. She noted
that they have picnic tables, so children living upstairs have a place to sit and play. Mr.
Habib stated that the units make sense given the proximity to the hospital and the
number of nurses moving in and out of Salem.
31. Mr. Habib stated that having substantial office space is difficult and added that many
clients push to convert office uses to residential uses. He noted that keeping a small office
space along the street and adaptive reuse for the rest of the project would be great. Mr.
Habib stated that the Board could make conditions for the curb cut and added that he
would be okay with the project going through as-is.
City of Salem Zoning Board of Appeals
October 22, 2025
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32. Mr. Larrick stated that he would be okay with adding conditions, but wanted to ensure
those conditions were clear and specific by specifically referencing the Zoning Ordinance.
33. Staff Planner Postich stated that the Application Guidelines did not specifically require
applicants to describe ECOD requirements in an application. He added that the Board
could state expectations relating to the ECOD on the Application Checklist so Staff can
require those expectations during initial review.
34. Chair Vyedin opened the hearing for public comments.
35. The City received zero (0) public comments on the proposal before the hearing. At the
October 15, 2025 public hearing, zero (0) members of the public commented on the
proposal.
36. Chair Vyedin stated that the Board could put the application to a vote with proposed
special conditions. She added that the Board proposed special conditions for a curb cut
of twenty-four feet (24’) in compliance with the ECOD. Mr. Larrick stated that the special
condition should clarify that action is required to improve the current condition.
37. Staff Planner Postich proposed wording for a special condition: The petitioner shall submit
the Floor Plans and Architectural Renderings by Flow Design Architects dated August 6,
2025, to the Department of Planning and Community Development prior to issuance of a
building permit.
38. Staff Planner Postich proposed wording for a special condition: The petitioner shall
provide a curb cut not exceeding twenty-four feet for access to and from the proposed
development in compliance with Section 8.2.3 Requirements of the Salem Zoning
Ordinance.
39. Staff Planner Postich proposed wording for a special condition: The petitioner shall
provide landscaping per Section 8.2.5(1), 8.2.5(2), and 8.2.5(3) Parking Areas of the Salem
Zoning Ordinance. The petitioner shall meet the requirements below unless provided a
waiver by the Planning Board per Section 8.2.9 Design Waivers of the Salem Zoning
Ordinance:
a) Landscaping shall include one (1) medium to large shade tree of three and one-half-
inch to four-inch caliper diameter at breast height (DBH) for each three (3) parking
spaces unless otherwise waived pursuant to Section 8.2.9 of this section. Trees shall
be planted in plant beds bounded by six-inch granite curbing.
b) No plant bed shall be less than fifteen (15) square feet, and no dimension of such plant
bed shall be less than forty-two (42) inches, measured from inside face of curb to
inside face of curb or wall.
c) A planting strip of no less than forty-two (42) inches wide shall separate vehicles
parked face to face in a parking area. Such planting strip shall include one (1) three
and one-half-inch to four-inch caliper tree every twenty-seven (27) feet.
40. Mr. Habib stated that there are many parking spaces on the property. He added that more
landscaping around the front of the property would benefit the rentability of the units by
making them feel like they are not in an office park. Mr. Habib stated that the Overlay
Districts are designed to benefit projects like these.
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October 22, 2025
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41. Chair Vyedin asked the petitioner whether they would be okay with the wording of the
special conditions. Mr. Quinn asked whether there would be a standard condition that
minor changes could be approved by the Building Inspector and Chair of the Board. Staff
Planner Postich stated that it would be included per Standard Condition #11. Mr. Quinn
stated that he consented to the Board moving forward with the proposed special
conditions.
42. Ms. Simpson motioned to approve the petition with the special conditions proposed by
Staff Planner Postich. Mr. Habib seconded the motion.
The Salem Zoning Board of Appeals, after carefully considering the evidence presented at the
public hearings, and thoroughly reviewing the petition, application narrative, and plans, makes
the following findings that the proposed project meets the provisions of the City of Salem Zoning
Ordinance:
Variance Findings:
1. Special conditions and circumstances especially affect the land, building, or structure
involved, generally not affecting other lands, buildings, and structures in the same district.
The petitioner owns a building with an outsized amount of office space. The slope and
topography along the property’s southern lot line restricts the petitioner’s ability to build
on the lot.
2. Literal enforcement of the provisions of the Ordinance involves substantial hardship to
the petitioner in attempting to put the property to productive use. Literal enforcement of
the Zoning Ordinance would force the petitioner to maintain significant amounts of
vacant office space. The petitioner requires relief to economically use the property.
3. Desirable relief may be granted without substantial detriment to the public good, and
without nullifying or substantially derogating from the intent of the district or purpose of
the Ordinance. The petitioner is not proposing to increase the footprint of the existing
structure. The proposal preserves the City’s amenities by maintaining some existing office
space along Highland Avenue. The proposal ensures housing for all income levels by
providing microunits accessible to individuals of varying backgrounds.
Special Permit Findings:
The Board finds that the reconstruction, extension, alteration, or change will not be substantially
more detrimental than the existing nonconforming structure to the neighborhood.
1. Community needs are served by the proposal. The petitioner is creating four (4) additional
housing units inside the City.
2. The impact on traffic flow and safety is negligible. The petitioner consented to special
conditions requiring landscaping and a curb cut in compliance with the Salem Zoning
Ordinance. More than adequate parking serves the proposed structure.
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October 22, 2025
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3. The proposal has minimal impacts on utilities and other public services. Adequate utilities
and other public services already service the structure.
4. The proposal has positive impacts on neighborhood character. The structure’s footprint
will not change. Using additional space as microunits for workers and replacing vacant
office space positively contributes to the neighborhood’s character.
5. The proposal has positive impacts on the natural environment, including greenhouse gas
emissions and view. The amount of screening and landscaping on the property increases
due to special conditions associated with the proposal.
6. The proposal has a positive potential economic and fiscal impact, including impacts on
City services, tax base, and employment. The proposal will increase the property’s tax
base while providing a positive impact on City employment.
Based on the above statements of fact and findings, the Salem Zoning Board of Appeals voted
five (5) in favor, (Nina Vyedin (Chair), Peter Habib, Christa McGaha, Stephen Larrick, and Ellen
Simpson) and zero (0) opposed, to grant Cynthia Nina-Soto at 116 Highland Avenue Unit A1 (Map
14, Lot 0105) (R1 Zoning District and Entry Corridor Overlay District) for a Variance per Section
4.1.1 Dimensional Requirements and a Special Permit per Section 3.3.2(2) Nonconforming Uses
of the Salem Zoning Ordinance to convert a nonconforming mixed-use commercial office building
with three (3) dwelling units on the second floor to a nonconforming seven-family residential
building with a smaller first-floor commercial office space. The proposed Variance will decrease
the lot area per dwelling unit from 5,400 square feet to 2,316 square feet, where 15,000 square
feet per dwelling unit is required.
Standard Conditions:
1. Petitioner shall comply with all city and state statutes, ordinances, codes and regulations.
2. All construction shall be done as per the plans and dimensions submitted to and approved
by the Building Commissioner.
3. All requirements of the Salem Fire Department relative to smoke and fire safety shall be
strictly adhered to.
4. Petitioner shall obtain a building permit prior to beginning any construction.
5. Exterior finishes of the new construction shall be in harmony with the existing structure.
6. A Certificate of Occupancy is to be obtained.
7. A Certificate of Inspection is to be obtained.
8. Petitioner is to obtain approval from any city board or commission having jurisdiction
including, but not limited to, the Planning Board.
9. Petitioner shall obtain street numbering from the City of Salem Assessor’s Office and shall
display said number so as to be visible from the street.
10. Unless this Decision expressly provides otherwise, any zoning relief granted does not
empower or authorize the Petitioner to demolish or reconstruct the structure(s) located
on the subject property to an extent of more than fifty percent (50%) of its floor area or
more than fifty percent (50%) of its replacement cost at the time of destruction. If the
structure is demolished by any means to an extent of more than fifty percent (50%) of its
City of Salem Zoning Board of Appeals
October 22, 2025
Page 8 of 9
replacement cost or more than fifty percent (50%) of its floor area at the time of
destruction, it shall not be reconstructed except in conformity with the provisions of the
Ordinance.
11. All construction shall be done per the plans and dimensions submitted to and approved
by this Board. Any modification to the plans and dimensions must be approved by the
Board of Appeals unless such changes are deemed a minor field change by the Building
Commissioner in consultation with the Chair of the Board of Appeals.
12. Petitioner shall schedule Assessing Department inspections of the property, at least
annually, prior to project completion and a final inspection upon project completion.
Special Conditions:
1. The petitioner shall submit the Floor Plans and Architectural Renderings by Flow Design
Architects dated August 6, 2025, to the Department of Planning and Community
Development prior to issuance of a building permit.
2. The petitioner shall provide a curb cut not exceeding twenty-four feet for access to and
from the proposed development in compliance with Section 8.2.3 Requirements of the
Salem Zoning Ordinance. The petitioner shall provide landscaping per Section 8.2.5(1),
8.2.5(2), and 8.2.5(3) Parking Areas of the Salem Zoning Ordinance.
3. The petitioner shall meet the requirements below unless provided a waiver by the
Planning Board per Section 8.2.9 Design Waivers of the Salem Zoning Ordinance:
a) Landscaping shall include one (1) medium to large shade tree of three and one-half-
inch to four-inch caliper diameter at breast height (DBH) for each three (3) parking
spaces unless otherwise waived pursuant to Section 8.2.9 of this section. Trees shall
be planted in plant beds bounded by six-inch granite curbing.
b) No plant bed shall be less than fifteen (15) square feet, and no dimension of such plant
bed shall be less than forty-two (42) inches, measured from inside face of curb to
inside face of curb or wall.
c) A planting strip of no less than forty-two (42) inches wide shall separate vehicles
parked face to face in a parking area. Such planting strip shall include one (1) three
and one-half-inch to four-inch caliper tree every twenty-seven (27) feet.
__________________________
Nina Vyedin, Chair
Zoning Board of Appeals
A COPY OF THIS DECISION HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE PLANNING BOARD AND THE CITY CLERK.
City of Salem Zoning Board of Appeals
October 22, 2025
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Appeal from this decision, if any, shall be made pursuant to Section 17 of the Massachusetts
General Laws Chapter 40A, and shall be filed within 20 days of filing of this decision in the office
of the City Clerk. Pursuant to the Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40A, Section 11, the
Variance or Special Permit granted herein shall not take effect until a copy of the decision bearing
the certificate of the City Clerk has been filed with the Southern Essex Registry of Deeds.